§8.3.17πλείους δʼ εἰσὶ λόγοι περὶ τῶν Καυκώνων· καὶ γὰρ Ἀρκαδικὸν ἔθνος φασί, καθάπερ τὸ Πελασγικόν, καὶ πλανητικὸν ἄλλως, ὥσπερ ἐκεῖνο.
There are several accounts concerning the Kaukones; for they say that they are an Arcadian nation, like the Pelasgian, and wandering in another way, just like that one.
ἱστορεῖ γοῦν ὁ ποιητὴς καὶ τοῖς Τρωσὶν ἀφιγμένους συμμάχους, πόθεν δʼ οὐ λέγει· δοκοῦσι δʼ ἐκ Παφλαγονίας· ἐκεῖ γὰρ ὀνομάζουσι Καυκωνιάτας τινὰς Μαριανδυνοῖς ὁμόρους, οἳ καὶ αὐτοὶ Παφλαγόνες εἰσί.
At any rate, the poet records them as having arrived as allies also for the Trojans, but from where he does not say; they seem, however, to be from Paphlagonia; for there they designate certain Kaukoniatans bordering on the Mariandynians, who themselves are also Paphlagonians.
μνησθησόμεθα δʼ αὐτῶν ἐπὶ πλέον, ὅταν εἰς ἐκεῖνον περιστῇ τὸν τόπον ἡ γραφή.
We shall mention them further when the writing turns to that place.
νυνὶ δὲ περὶ τῶν ἐν τῇ Τριφυλίᾳ Καυκώνων ἔτι καὶ ταῦτα προσιστορητέον.
But for now, regarding the Kaukones in Triphylia, this too must be recorded in addition.
οἱ μὲν γὰρ καὶ ὅλην τὴν νῦν Ἠλείαν ἀπὸ τῆς Μεσσηνίας μέχρι Δύμης Καυκωνίαν λεχθῆναί φασιν· Ἀντίμαχος γοῦν καὶ Ἐπειοὺς καὶ Καύκωνας ἅπαντας προσαγορεύει.
For some say that the whole of what is now Elis, from Messenia as far as Dyme, was called Kaukonia; at any rate, Antimachus addresses them all as both Epeians and Kaukones.
τινὲς δὲ ὅλην μὲν μὴ κατασχεῖν αὐτούς, δίχα δὲ μεμερισμένους οἰκεῖν, τοὺς μὲν πρὸς τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ κατὰ τὴν Τριφυλίαν τοὺς δὲ πρὸς τῇ Δύμῃ κατὰ τὴν Βουπρασίδα καὶ τὴν κοίλην Ἦλιν· Ἀριστοτέλης δʼ ἐνταῦθα μάλιστα οἶδεν ἱδρυμένους αὐτούς.
But others say that they did not occupy the whole, but lived divided into two parts, some near Messenia in Triphylia, and others near Dyme in Bouprasia and hollow Elis; Aristotle knows them as settled especially there.
καὶ δὴ τοῖς ὑφʼ Ὁμήρου λεγομένοις ὁμολογεῖ μᾶλλον ἡ ὑστάτη ἀπόφασις, τό τε ζητούμενον πρότερον λαμβάνει λύσιν.
And indeed, the last statement agrees better with what is said by Homer, and the question previously investigated receives a solution.
ὁ μὲν γὰρ Νέστωρ ὑπόκειται τὸν Τριφυλιακὸν οἰκῶν Πύλον, τά τε πρὸς νότον καὶ τὰ ἑωθινά (ταῦτα δʼ ἐστὶ τὰ συγκυροῦντα πρὸς τὴν Μεσσηνίαν καὶ τὴν Λακωνικήν) ὑπʼ ἐκείνῳ ἐστίν, ἔχουσι δʼ οἱ Καύκωνες, ὥστε τοῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ Πύλου βαδίζουσιν εἰς Λακεδαίμονα ἀνάγκη διὰ Καυκώνων εἶναι τὴν ὁδόν.
For Nestor is supposed to inhabit the Triphylian Pylos, and the parts to the south and the east (these are those adjoining Messenia and Laconia) are under him, and the Kaukones hold them, so that for those traveling from Pylos to Lacedaemon the road is necessarily through the Kaukones.
τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τοῦ Σαμίου Ποσειδῶνος καὶ ὁ κατʼ αὐτὸ ὅρμος, εἰς ὃν κατήχθη Τηλέμαχος, πρὸς δύσιν καὶ πρὸς ἄρκτον ἀπονεύει.
But the temple of Samian Poseidon and the anchorage near it, into which Telemachos was brought, inclines towards the west and the north.
εἰ μὲν τοίνυν οἱ Καύκωνες ἐνταῦθα μόνον οἰκοῦσιν, οὐ σώζεται τῷ ποιητῇ ὁ λόγος.
If, therefore, the Kaukones live only here, the poet's account is not preserved.
κελεύει γὰρ ἡ μὲν Ἀθηνᾶ κατὰ τὸν Σωτάδην τῷ Νέστορι, τὸν μὲν Τηλέμαχον εἰς τὴν Λακεδαίμονα πέμψαι σὺν δίφρῳ τε καὶ υἱέι εἰς τὰ πρὸς ἕω μέρη· αὐτὴ δʼ ἐπὶ ναῦν βαδιεῖσθαι νυκτερεύσουσα φησιν ἐπὶ τὴν δύσιν καὶ εἰς τοὐπίσω,
"
ἀτὰρ ἠῶθεν μετὰ Καύκωνας μεγαθύμους
"
πορεύσεσθαι ἐπὶ τὸ χρέος πάλιν εἰς τοὔμπροσθεν.
For Athena, according to Sotades, commands Nestor to send Telemachos to Lacedaemon with a chariot and his son into the parts towards the east; while she herself says she will walk to the ship to spend the night, towards the west and backwards, "but at dawn to the great-hearted Kaukones" to go for the debt, again forwards.
τίς οὖν ὁ τρόπος;
What then is the way?
παρῆν γὰρ τῷ Νέστορι λέγειν ἀλλʼ οἵ γε Καύκωνες ὑπʼ ἐμοί εἰσι καὶ πρὸ ὁδοῦ τοῖς εἰς Λακεδαίμονα βαδίζουσιν· ὥστε τί οὐ συνοδεύεις τοῖς περὶ Τηλέμαχον, ἀλλʼ ἀναχωρεῖς εἰς τοὐπίσω; ἅμα δʼ οἰκεῖον ἦν τῷ βαδίζοντι ἐπὶ χρέους κομιδὴν οὐκ ὀλίγου, ὥς φησι, πρὸς ἀνθρώπους ὑπὸ τῷ Νέστορι ὄντας, αἰτήσασθαί τινα παρʼ αὐτοῦ βοήθειαν, εἴ τι ἀγνωμονοῖτο (ὥσπερ εἴωθε) περὶ τὸ συμβόλαιον· οὐ γέγονε δὲ τοῦτο.
For it was open to Nestor to say, "But the Kaukones are under me and on the way for those traveling to Lacedaemon; so why do you not journey with Telemachos and his company, but withdraw backwards?" At the same time, it was natural for one traveling for the recovery of a debt of by no means a small amount, as she says, to people who are under Nestor, to ask some assistance from him if any unfairness should occur (as is usual) regarding the contract; but this did not happen.
εἰ μὲν τοίνυν ἐνταῦθα μόνον οἰκοῖεν οἱ Καύκωνες, ταῦτʼ ἂν συμβαίνοι τὰ ἄτοπα· μεμερισμένων δὲ τινῶν καὶ εἰς τοὺς πρὸς Δύμῃ τόπους τῆς Ἠλείας, ἐκεῖσε ἂν εἴη λέγουσα τὴν ἔφοδον ἡ Ἀθηνᾶ, καὶ οὐκ ἂν ἔτι οὔθʼ ἡ εἰς τὴν ναῦν κατάβασις ἔχοι τι ἀπεμφαῖνον οὔθʼ ὁ τῆς συνοδίας ἀποσπασμός, εἰς τἀναντία τῆς ὁδοῦ οὔσης.
If, therefore, the Kaukones lived only here, these absurdities would occur; but if some of them were divided also into the places of Elis near Dyme, Athena would be speaking of her journey thither, and neither her going down to the ship would any longer have anything inconsistent, nor the separation from the company, the road being in the opposite direction.
παραπλησίως δʼ ἂν καὶ τὰ περὶ τοῦ Πύλου διαπορούμενα τύχοι τῆς προσηκούσης διαίτης ἐπελθοῦσι μικρὸν ἔτι τῆς χωρογραφίας μέχρι τοῦ Πύλου τοῦ Μεσσηνιακοῦ.
In a similar manner, the matters in dispute concerning Pylos would also obtain their proper decision if we go over a little more of the chorography as far as the Messenian Pylos.
§8.3.18ἐλέγοντο δὲ Παρωρεᾶται τινὲς τῶν ἐν τῇ Τριφυλίᾳ κατέχοντες ὄρη περὶ τὸ Λέπρειον καὶ τὸ Μάκιστον καθήκοντα ἐπὶ θάλατταν πλησίον τοῦ Σαμιακοῦ ποσειδίου.
And certain of the people in Triphylia who occupied the mountains around Lepreion and Makistos, which extend down to the sea near the Samian Poseidion, were called Paroreatai.