§6.3.6τὰ μὲν οὖν ἐν τῷ παράπλῳ πολίχνια εἴρηται.
Now the small towns along the coastal voyage have been mentioned.
ἐν δὲ τῇ μεσογαίᾳ Ῥοδίαι τέ εἰσι καὶ Λουπίαι καὶ μικρὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς θαλάττης Ἀλητία· ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ ἰσθμῷ μέσῳ Οὐρία, ἐν ᾗ βασίλειον ἔτι δείκνυται τῶν δυναστῶν τινος.
In the interior are Rhodiae and Lupiae, and a little above the sea, Aletia; and on the middle of the isthmus, Uria, in which is still shown a palace of one of the chieftains.
εἰρηκότος δʼ Ἡροδότου Ὑρίαν εἶναι ἐν τῇ Ἰαπυγίᾳ κτίσμα Κρητῶν τῶν πλανηθέντων ἐκ τοῦ Μίνω στόλου τοῦ εἰς Σικελίαν, ἤτοι ταύτην δεῖ δέχεσθαι ἢ τὸ Ὀυερητόν.
Since Herodotus has said that Hyria in Iapygia is a foundation of the Cretans who strayed from the fleet of Minos which was bound for Sicily, one must accept either this city or Uereton as the one meant.
Βρεντέσιον δʼ ἐποικῆσαι μὲν λέγονται Κρῆτες οἱ μετὰ Θησέως ἐπελθόντες ἐκ Κνωσσοῦ, εἴθʼ οἱ ἐκ τῆς Σικελίας ἀπηρκότες μετὰ τοῦ Ἰάπυγος (λέγεται γὰρ ἀμφοτέρως)· οὐ συμμεῖναι δέ φασιν αὐτούς, ἀλλʼ ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὴν Βοττιαίαν.
As for Brentesion, they say it was colonized either by the Cretans who came from Knossos with Theseus, or by those who set sail from Sicily with Iapyx (for both accounts are told); but they say that they did not remain there, but departed for Bottiaea.
ὕστερον δὲ ἡ πόλις βασιλευομένη πολλὴν ἀπέβαλε τῆς χώρας ὑπὸ τῶν μετὰ Φαλάνθου Λακεδαιμονίων, ὅμως δʼ ἐκπεσόντα αὐτὸν ἐκ τοῦ Τάραντος ἐδέξαντο οἱ Βρεντεσῖνοι, καὶ τελευτήσαντα ἠξίωσαν λαμπρᾶς ταφῆς.
Later, when the city was under kingly rule, it lost much of its territory to the Lacedaemonians under Phalanthus, but nevertheless, when he was expelled from Taras, the Brentesini received him, and when he died, they deemed him worthy of a splendid burial.
χώραν δʼ ἔχουσι βελτίω τῆς Ταραντίνων· λεπτόγεως γὰρ ἐκείνη, χρηστόκαρπος δέ, μέλι δὲ καὶ ἔρια τῶν σφόδρα ἐπαινουμένων ἐστί.
They possess a better territory than that of the Tarentines; for the latter is thin-soiled, though fruitful, and its honey and wool are among those most highly praised.
καὶ εὐλίμενον δὲ μᾶλλον τὸ Βρεντέσιον· ἑνὶ γὰρ στόματι πολλοὶ κλείονται λιμένες ἄκλυστοι, κόλπων ἀπολαμβανομένων ἐντός, ὥστʼ ἐοικέναι κέρασιν ἐλάφου τὸ σχῆμα, ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ τοὔνομα· σὺν γὰρ τῇ πόλει κεφαλῇ μάλιστα ἐλάφου προσέοικεν ὁ τόπος, τῇ δὲ Μεσσαπίᾳ γλώττῃ βρέντιον ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ ἐλάφου καλεῖται.
And Brentesion is also better as a harbor; for by a single mouth many harbors, free from the wash of waves, are closed, gulfs being enclosed within, so that its shape resembles the horns of a stag, whence also its name; for, together with the city, the place especially resembles the head of a stag, and in the Messapian tongue "brention" is called the head of a stag.
ὁ δὲ Ταραντῖνος οὐ παντελῶς ἐστιν ἄκλυστος διὰ τὸ ἀναπεπτάσθαι, καί τινα καὶ προσβραχῆ ἔχει τὰ περὶ τὸν μυχόν.
But the Tarentine harbor is not altogether free from waves because it is wide open, and it also has some shoals near its innermost part.
§6.3.7ἔτι δὲ τοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος καὶ τῆς Ἀσίας διαίρουσιν εὐθύπλοια μᾶλλόν ἐστιν ἐπὶ τὸ Βρεντέσιον, καὶ δὴ καὶ δεῦρο πάντες καταίρουσιν οἷς εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην πρόκειται ὁδός.
Furthermore, for those crossing from Greece and Asia, the direct course is rather to Brentesion, and indeed all put in here whose journey is proposed for Rome.
δύο δέ εἰσι, μία μὲν ἡμιονικὴ διὰ Πευκετίων, οὓς Ποιδίκλους καλοῦσι, καὶ Δαυνίων καὶ Σαυνιτῶν μέχρι Βενεουεντοῦ, ἐφʼ ᾗ ὁδῷ Ἐγνατία πόλις, εἶτα Καιλία καὶ Νήτιον καὶ Κανύσιον καὶ Ἑρδωνία· ἡ δὲ διὰ Τάραντος μικρὸν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ὅσον δὴ μιᾶς ἡμέρας περίοδον κυκλεύσαντι, ἡ Ἀππία λεγομένη, ἁμαξήλατος μᾶλλον·
There are two roads: one, a mule-path through the Peucetii, whom they call Poedicli, and the Daunii and the Samnites as far as Beneventum, on which road are the city of Egnatia, then Caelia, Netium, Canusium, and Herdonia; the other, which goes through Taras, a little to the left for one who makes a circuit of about one day's journey, called the Appian Way, which is more suitable for carriages.
ἐν ταύτῃ δὲ πόλις Οὐρία τε καὶ Ὀυενουσία, ἡ μὲν μεταξὺ Τάραντος καὶ Βρεντεσίου, ἡ δʼ ἐν μεθορίοις Σαυνιτῶν καὶ Λευκανῶν.
On this road are the cities of Uria and Venusia, the former between Taras and Brentesion, the latter on the borders of the Samnites and Lucanians.
συμβάλλουσι δὲ ἄμφω κατὰ Βενεουεντὸν καὶ τὴν Καμπανίαν ἐκ τοῦ Βρεντεσίου.
Both roads meet at Beneventum and Campania from Brentesion.
τοὐντεῦθεν δʼ ἤδη μέχρι τῆς Ῥώμης Ἀππία καλεῖται, διὰ Καυδίου καὶ Καλατίας καὶ Καπύης καὶ Κασιλίνου μέχρι Σινοέσσης· τὰ δʼ ἐνθένδε εἴρηται.
From there on as far as Rome it is called the Appian Way, passing through Caudium, Calatia, Capua, and Casilinum as far as Sinuessa; the places from there on have been mentioned.
ἡ δὲ πᾶσά ἐστιν ἐκ Ῥώμης εἰς Βρεντέσιον μίλια τριακόσια ἑξήκοντα.
The whole distance from Rome to Brentesion is three hundred and sixty miles.
τρίτη δʼ ἐστὶν ἐκ Ῥηγίου διὰ Βρεττίων καὶ Λευκανῶν καὶ τῆς Σαυνίτιδος εἰς τὴν Καμπανίαν, συνάπτουσα εἰς τὴν Ἀππίαν, μακροτέρα τῆς ἐκ Βρεντεσίου τρισὶν ἢ τέτταρσιν ἡμέραις διὰ τῶν Ἀπεννίνων ὀρῶν.
There is a third road from Rhegium through the Brettii, Lucanians, and Samnium to Campania, joining the Appian Way, which is longer than the road from Brentesion by three or four days through the Apennine Mountains.
§6.3.8ὁ δʼ εἰς τὴν περαίαν ἐκ τοῦ Βρεντεσίου πλοῦς ἐστὶν ὁ μὲν ἐπὶ τὰ Κεραύνια καὶ τὴν ἑξῆς παραλίαν τῆς τε Ἠπείρου καὶ τῆς Ἑλλάδος, ὁ δʼ εἰς Ἐπίδαμνον μείζων τοῦ προτέρου· χιλίων γάρ ἐστι καὶ ὀκτακοσίων σταδίων· τέτριπται δὲ καὶ οὗτος διὰ τὸ τὴν πόλιν εὐφυῶς κεῖσθαι πρός τε τὰ τῶν Ἰλλυριῶν ἔθνη καὶ τὰ τῶν Μακεδόνων.
The voyage from Brentesion to the opposite coast is, on the one hand, to the Ceraunian Mountains and the adjacent coast of both Epirus and Greece, and on the other hand, to Epidamnus, which is longer than the former; for it is one thousand eight hundred stadia; but this too is frequented because the city is favorably situated with respect to both the tribes of the Illyrians and those of the Macedonians.
παραπλέοντι δʼ ἐκ τοῦ Βρεντεσίου τὴν Ἀδριατικὴν παραλίαν πόλις ἐστὶν ἡ Ἐγνατία, οὖσα κοινὴ καταγωγὴ πλέοντί τε καὶ πεζεύοντι εἰς Βάριον· ὁ δὲ πλοῦς νότῳ.
Sailing along the Adriatic coast from Brentesion, there is the city of Egnatia, which is a common stopping-place for one both sailing and traveling by land to Barium; and the voyage is made with a south wind.
μέχρι δεῦρο μὲν Πευκέτιοι κατὰ θάλατταν, τῇ μεσογαίᾳ δὲ μέχρι Σιλουίου· πᾶσα δὲ τραχεῖα καὶ ὀρεινή, πολὺ τῶν Ἀπεννίνων ὀρῶν κοινωνοῦσα· ἀποίκους δʼ Ἀρκάδας δέξασθαι δοκεῖ.
As far as this place are the Peucetii along the sea, and in the interior as far as Silvium; all this country is rough and mountainous, sharing largely in the Apennine Mountains; and it is thought to have received Arcadian colonists.
εἰσὶ δʼ ἐκ Βρεντεσίου εἰς Βάριον ἑπτακόσιοί που στάδιοι· σχεδὸν δʼ ἴσον ἑκατέρας διέχει·
It is about seven hundred stadia from Brentesion to Barium; and it lies almost at an equal distance from both.
τὴν δὲ συνεχῆ Δαύνιοι νέμονται, εἶτα Ἄπουλοι μέχρι Φρεντανῶν.
The adjacent country is inhabited by the Daunii, and then by the Apuli as far as the Frentani.
ἀνάγκη δέ, Πευκετίων καὶ Δαυνίων μηδʼ ὅλως λεγομένων ὑπὸ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων πλὴν εἰ τὸ παλαιόν, ἁπάσης δὲ ταύτης τῆς χώρας Ἀπουλίας λεγομένης νυνί, μηδὲ τοὺς ὅρους ἐπʼ ἀκριβὲς λέγεσθαι τῶν ἐθνῶν τούτων· διόπερ οὐδʼ ἡμῖν διισχυριστέον περὶ αὐτῶν.
Since the names Peucetii and Daunii are not used at all by the inhabitants except perhaps in ancient times, and since all this country is now called Apulia, it is inevitable that the boundaries of these nations cannot be stated with accuracy; wherefore we also must not make any positive assertion about them.