§5.2.5τῆς δὲ Τυρρηνίας μῆκος μὲν τὸ μέγιστον εἶναί φασι τὴν παραλίαν ἀπὸ Λούνης μέχρι Ὠστίων δισχιλίων που καὶ πεντακοσίων σταδίων, πλάτος δὲ τοῦ ἡμίσους ἔλαττον τὸ πρὸς τοῖς ὄρεσιν.
They say that the greatest length of Tyrrhenia is the coastline from Luna to Ostia, being about two thousand five hundred stadia, and the breadth is less than half of this, which is the part toward the mountains.
εἰς μὲν οὖν Πίσας ἀπὸ Λούνης πλείους τῶν τετρακοσίων σταδίων εἰσίν, ἐντεῦθεν δʼ εἰς Ὀυολατέρρας διακόσιοι ὀγδοήκοντα, πάλιν δʼ ἐνθένδε εἰς Ποπλώνιον διακόσιοι ἑβδομήκοντα, ἐκ δὲ Ποπλωνίου εἰς Κόσαν ἐγγὺς ὀκτακόσιοι, οἱ δὲ ἑξακόσιοι φασί Πολύβιος δʼ οὐκ εὖ καὶ τοὺς πάντας χιλίους τριακοσίους τριάκοντα λέγει.
From Luna to Pisae indeed it is more than four hundred stadia, thence to Volaterrae two hundred and eighty, again from there to Populonium two hundred and seventy, and from Populonium to Cosa nearly eight hundred, though some say six hundred; but Polybius does not speak well when he says that the total is one thousand three hundred and thirty.
τούτων δʼ ἡ μὲν Λοῦνα πόλις ἐστὶ καὶ λιμήν, καλοῦσι δʼ οἱ Ἕλληνες Σελήνης λιμένα καὶ πόλιν.
Of these places, Luna is a city and a harbor, and the Greeks call it the harbor and city of Selene.
ἡ μὲν οὖν πόλις οὐ μεγάλη, ὁ δὲ λιμὴν μέγιστός τε καὶ κάλλιστος, ἐν αὑτῷ περιέχων πλείους λιμένας ἀγχιβαθεῖς πάντας, οἷον ἂν γένοιτο ὁρμητήριον θαλαττοκρατησάντων ἀνθρώπων τοσαύτης μὲν θαλάττης τοσοῦτον δὲ χρόνον.
The city indeed is not large, but the harbor is very large and beautiful, enclosing within itself several harbors, all of them deep, such as would be a suitable base of operations for men who held command of the sea over so great an expanse of water and for so long a time.
περικλείεται δʼ ὁ λιμὴν ὄρεσιν ὑψηλοῖς, ἀφʼ ὧν τὰ πελάγη κατοπτεύεται καὶ ἡ Σαρδὼ καὶ τῆς ᾐόνος ἑκατέρωθεν πολὺ μέρος.
The harbor is enclosed by high mountains, from which the open seas are kept under view, as well as Sardinia and a great part of the coast on either side.
μέταλλα δὲ λίθου λευκοῦ τε καὶ ποικίλου γλαυκίζοντος τοσαῦτά τʼ ἐστὶ καὶ τηλικαῦτα, μονολίθους ἐκδιδόντα πλάκας καὶ στύλους, ὥστε τὰ πλεῖστα τῶν ἐκπρεπῶν ἔργων τῶν ἐν τῇ Ῥώμῃ καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις πόλεσιν ἐντεῦθεν ἔχειν τὴν χορηγίαν· καὶ γὰρ εὐεξάγωγός ἐστιν ἡ λίθος, τῶν μετάλλων ὑπερκειμένων τῆς θαλάττης πλησίον, ἐκ δὲ τῆς θαλάττης διαδεχομένου τοῦ Τιβέριος τὴν κομιδήν·
The quarries of white and variegated bluish-gray stone are so many and so large, yielding monolithic slabs and columns, that most of the magnificent works in Rome and the other cities have their supply of material from there; for indeed the stone is easy to export, since the quarries lie near and above the sea, and from the sea the Tiber takes over the transport.
καὶ τὴν ξυλείαν τὴν εἰς τὰς οἰκοδομὰς σελμάτων εὐθυτάτων καὶ εὐμηκεστάτων ἡ Τυρρηνία χορηγεῖ τὴν πλείστην, τῷ ποταμῷ κατάγουσα ἐκ τῶν ὀρῶν εὐθύς.
And Tyrrhenia supplies most of the timber for buildings, suitable for the straightest and longest beams, bringing it down from the mountains directly by the river.
μεταξὺ δὲ Λούνης καὶ Πίσης ὁ Μάκρας ἐστὶ * χωρίον, ᾧ πέρατι τῆς Τυρρηνίας καὶ τῆς Λιγυστικῆς κέχρηνται τῶν συγγραφέων πολλοί.
Between Luna and Pisae is the Macras, a * place, which many of the historians have used as the boundary of Tyrrhenia and Liguria.
ἡ δὲ Πῖσα κτίσμα μέν ἐστι τῶν ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ Πισατῶν, οἳ μετὰ Νέστορος ἐπὶ Ἴλιον στρατεύσαντες κατὰ τὸν ἀνάπλουν ἐπλανήθησαν, οἱ μὲν εἰς τὸ Μεταπόντιον οἱ δʼ εἰς τὴν Πισᾶτιν, ἅπαντες Πύλιοι καλούμενοι.
And Pisae is a foundation of the Pisatae from Peloponnesus, who having campaigned with Nestor against Ilium, went astray on their return voyage, some to Metapontium and others to the territory of Pisa, all being called Pylians.
δυεῖν δὲ ποταμῶν κεῖται μεταξὺ κατʼ αὐτὴν τὴν συμβολήν, Ἄρνου τε καὶ Αὔσαρος, ὧν ὁ μὲν ἐξ Ἀρρητίου φέρεται πολύς, οὐχὶ πᾶς, ἀλλὰ τριχῆ σχισθείς, ὁ δʼ ἐκ τῶν Ἀπεννίνων ὀρῶν· συμπεσόντες δʼ εἰς ἓν ῥεῖθρον μετεωρίζουσιν ἀλλήλους ταῖς ἀντικοπαῖς ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον ὥστε τοὺς ἐπὶ τῶν ᾐόνων ἑστῶτας ἀμφοτέρων μηδέτερον ὑπὸ θατέρου καθορᾶσθαι, ὥστʼ ἀνάγκη δυσανάπλωτα ἐκ θαλάττης εἶναι· στάδιοι δʼ εἰσὶ τοῦ ἀνάπλου περὶ εἴκοσι.
It lies between two rivers at their very confluence, the Arnus and the Ausar, of which the former flows from Arretium with a great volume of water, not as a single stream but split into three, and the latter from the Apennine mountains; and falling together into one channel, they raise each other's waters by their counter-shocks to such an extent that those standing on either of the banks cannot see each other because of the water, so that of necessity the voyage up from the sea is difficult; the distance of the voyage up is about twenty stadia.
μυθεύουσι δʼ, ὅτε πρῶτον ἐκ τῶν ὀρῶν οἱ ποταμοὶ κατεφέροντο οὗτοι, κωλυομένους ὑπὸ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων μὴ συμπεσόντες εἰς ἓν κατακλύζοιεν τὴν χώραν, ὑποσχέσθαι μὴ κατακλύσειν, καὶ φυλάξαι τὴν πίστιν.
And they mythologize that when these rivers first began to flow down from the mountains, being prevented by the inhabitants from falling together into one and flooding the land, they promised not to flood it and have kept their faith.
δοκεῖ δʼ ἡ πόλις εὐτυχῆσαί ποτε, καὶ νῦν οὐκ ἀδοξεῖ διά τε εὐκαρπίαν καὶ τὰ λιθουργεῖα καὶ τὴν ὕλην τὴν ναυπηγήσιμον, ᾗ τὸ μὲν παλαιὸν ἐχρῶντο πρὸς τοὺς κατὰ θάλατταν κινδύνους· καὶ γὰρ μαχιμώτεροι Τυρρηνῶν ὑπῆρξαν, καὶ παρώξυναν αὐτοὺς οἱ Λίγυες πονηροὶ γείτονες παρὰ πλευρὰν ὄντες· νῦν δὲ τὸ πλέον εἰς τὰς οἰκοδομὰς ἀναλίσκεται τὰς ἐν Ῥώμῃ κἀν ταῖς ἐπαύλεσι βασίλεια κατασκευαζομένων Περσικά.
The city seems to have been prosperous at one time, and even now it is not without repute because of its fertility, its stone-works, and its timber for shipbuilding, which in ancient times they used against the dangers of the sea; for indeed they were more warlike than the Tyrrhenians, and the Ligurians, being troublesome neighbors at their side, provoked them; but now most of it is spent on the buildings in Rome and in the villas of those who construct Persian palaces.