§5.2.3περὶ μὲν τῆς ἐπιφανείας τῶν Τυρρηνῶν ταῦτα καὶ ἔτι τὰ τοῖς Καιρετανοῖς πραχθέντα καὶ γὰρ τοὺς ἑλόντας τὴν Ῥώμην Γαλάτας κατεπολέμησαν ἀπιοῦσιν ἐπιθέμενοι κατὰ Σαβίνους, καὶ ἃ παρʼ ἑκόντων ἔλαβον Ῥωμαίων ἐκεῖνοι λάφυρα ἄκοντας ἀφείλοντο·
Regarding the prominence of the Tyrrhenians, there are these things and further the deeds accomplished by the Caeretans; for indeed they defeated the Galatians who had captured Rome, attacking them as they departed in the territory of the Sabines, and they took away, against their will, the booty which those men had taken from the Romans who had willingly given it.
πρὸς δὲ τούτοις τοὺς καταφυγόντας παρʼ αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῆς Ῥώμης ἔσωσαν καὶ τὸ ἀθάνατον πῦρ καὶ τὰς τῆς Ἑστίας ἱερείας.
In addition to these things, they saved those who fled to them from Rome, as well as the immortal fire and the priestesses of Hestia.
οἱ μὲν οὖν Ῥωμαῖοι διὰ τοὺς τότε φαύλως διοικοῦντας τὴν πόλιν οὐχ ἱκανῶς ἀπομνημονεῦσαι τὴν χάριν αὐτοῖς δοκοῦσι· πολιτείαν γὰρ δόντες οὐκ ἀνέγραψαν εἰς τοὺς πολίτας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους τοὺς μὴ μετέχοντας τῆς ἰσονομίας εἰς τὰς δέλτους ἐξώριζον τὰς Καιρετανῶν.
The Romans indeed, because of those who were then poorly administering the city, do not seem to have remembered the favor sufficiently; for though they gave them citizenship, they did not register them among the citizens, but even banished others who did not share in the equal laws to the tablets of the Caeretans.
παρὰ δὲ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν εὐδοκίμησεν ἡ πόλις αὕτη διά τε ἀνδρείαν καὶ δικαιοσύνην· τῶν τε γὰρ λῃστηρίων ἀπέσχετο καίπερ δυναμένη πλεῖστον, καὶ Πυθοῖ τὸν Ἀγυλλαίων καλούμενον ἀνέθηκε θησαυρόν.
But among the Greeks, this city was well regarded because of both bravery and justice; for it abstained from piracy, although it was very powerful, and dedicated at Pytho the treasury called that of the Agyllaeans.
Ἄγυλλα γὰρ ὠνομάζετο τὸ πρότερον ἡ νῦν Καιρέα, καὶ λέγεται Πελασγῶν κτίσμα τῶν ἐκ Θετταλίας ἀφιγμένων· τῶν δὲ Λυδῶν, οἵπερ Τυρρηνοὶ μετωνομάσθησαν, ἐπιστρατευσάντων τοῖς Ἀγυλλαίοις, προσιὼν τῷ τείχει τις ἐπυνθάνετο τοὔνομα τῆς πόλεως, τῶν δʼ ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους Θετταλῶν τινος ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀποκρίνασθαι προσαγορεύσαντος αὐτὸν
χαῖρε,
δεξάμενοι τὸν οἰωνὸν οἱ Τυρρηνοὶ τοῦτον ἁλοῦσαν τὴν πόλιν μετωνόμασαν.
For Agilla was the name of what is now Caerea in former times, and it is said to be a foundation of the Pelasgians who had arrived from Thessaly; and when the Lydians, who were renamed Tyrrhenians, made an expedition against the Agyllaeans, someone approaching the wall asked the name of the city, and one of the Thessalians from the wall, instead of replying, addressed him saying, "Hail!" Receiving this omen, the Tyrrhenians, after the city was captured, renamed it.
ἡ δὲ οὕτω λαμπρὰ καὶ ἐπιφανὴς πόλις νῦν ἴχνη σώζει μόνον, εὐανδρεῖ δʼ αὐτῆς μᾶλλον τὰ πλησίον θερμά, ἃ καλοῦσι Καιρετανά, διὰ τοὺς φοιτῶντας θεραπείας χάριν.
This once brilliant and prominent city now preserves only ruins, but its nearby warm springs, which they call Caeretan, are rather populous because of those who resort there for the sake of cure.
§5.2.4τοὺς δὲ Πελασγούς, ὅτι μὲν ἀρχαῖόν τι φῦλον κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα πᾶσαν ἐπιπολάσαν καὶ μάλιστα παρὰ τοῖς Αἰολεῦσι τοῖς κατὰ Θετταλίαν, ὁμολογοῦσιν ἅπαντες σχεδόν τι.
As for the Pelasgians, almost everyone agrees that they were an ancient tribe that spread over the whole of Greece, and especially among the Aeolians in Thessaly.
νομίζειν δέ φησιν Ἔφορος τὸ ἀνέκαθεν Ἀρκάδας ὄντας ἑλέσθαι στρατιωτικὸν βίον, εἰς δὲ τὴν αὐτὴν ἀγωγὴν προτρέποντας πολλοὺς ἅπασι τοῦ ὀνόματος μεταδοῦναι καὶ πολλὴν ἐπιφάνειαν κτήσασθαι καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι καὶ παρὰ τοῖς ἄλλοις, παρʼ ὅσους ποτὲ ἀφιγμένοι τετυχήκασι.
Ephorus says that he believes they were originally Arcadians who chose a military life, and by encouraging many to the same training, they shared the name with all and acquired great prominence both among the Greeks and among the others, as many as they ever happened to have reached.
καὶ γὰρ τῆς Κρήτης ἔποικοι γεγόνασιν, ὥς φησιν Ὅμηρος· λέγει γοῦν Ὀδυσσεὺς πρὸς Πηνελόπην
ἄλλη δʼ ἄλλων γλῶσσα μεμιγμένη· ἐν μὲν Ἀχαιοί, ἐν δʼ Ἐτεόκρητες μεγαλήτορες, ἐν δὲ Κύδωνες, Δωριέες τε τριχάικες, δῖοί τε Πελασγοί. καὶ τὸ Πελασγικὸν Ἄργος ἡ Θετταλία λέγεται, τὸ μεταξὺ τῶν ἐκβολῶν τοῦ Πηνειοῦ καὶ τῶν Θερμοπυλῶν ἕως τῆς ὀρεινῆς τῆς κατὰ Πίνδον, διὰ τὸ ἐπάρξαι τῶν τόπων τούτων τοὺς Πελασγούς.
For indeed they became colonists of Crete, as Homer says; at any rate Odysseus says to Penelope: "There is one language mixed with another; in it are Achaeans, and great-hearted Eteocretans, and Cydonians, and three-fold Dorians, and noble Pelasgians." And Thessaly is called Pelasgian Argos, the region between the mouths of the Peneus and Thermopylae as far as the mountainous country near Pindus, because the Pelasgians ruled over these places.
τόν τε Δία τὸν Δωδωναῖον αὐτὸς ὁ ποιητὴς ὀνομάζει Πελασγικόν
Ζεῦ ἄνα, Δωδωναῖε, Πελασγικέ. πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ τὰ Ἠπειρωτικὰ ἔθνη Πελασγικὰ εἰρήκασιν, ὡς καὶ μέχρι δεῦρο ἐπαρξάντων· Πελασγούς τε πολλοὺς καὶ τῶν ἡρώων ὄνομα καλέσαντες, οἱ ὕστερον ἀπʼ ἐκείνων πολλὰ τῶν ἐθνῶν ἐπώνυμα πεποιήκασι· καὶ γὰρ τὴν Λέσβον Πελασγίαν εἰρήκασι, καὶ τοῖς ἐν τῇ Τρῳάδι Κίλιξιν Ὅμηρος εἴρηκε τοὺς ὁμόρους Πελασγούς
Ἱππόθοος δʼ ἄγε φῦλα Πελασγῶν ἐγχεσιμώρων, τῶν οἳ Λάρισαν ἐριβώλακα ναιετάασκον. τῷ δʼ Ἐφόρῳ τοῦ ἐξ Ἀρκαδίας εἶναι τὸ φῦλον τοῦτο ἦρξεν Ἡσίοδος.
And the poet himself calls the Dodonaean Zeus Pelasgian: "Zeus, lord, Dodonaean, Pelasgian." Many have also called the Epirote nations Pelasgian, as if they had ruled even as far as here; and having called many of the heroes also by the name of Pelasgus, those after them have made many of the nations eponymous from them; for indeed they have called Lesbos Pelasgia, and Homer has called the Pelasgians neighbors to the Cilicians in the Troad: "Hippothous led the tribes of the Pelasgians, skilled in the spear, who dwelt in fertile Larissa." For Ephorus, Hesiod began the claim that this tribe was from Arcadia.
φησὶ γάρ
υἱεῖς ἐξεγένοντο Λυκάονος ἀντιθέοιο, ὅν ποτε τίκτε Πελασγός. Αἰσχύλος δʼ ἐκ τοῦ περὶ Μυκήνας Ἄργους φησὶν ἐν Ἱκέτισι καὶ Δαναΐσι τὸ γένος αὐτῶν.
For he says: "Sons were born of godlike Lycaon, whom once Pelasgus begot." And Aeschylus says in the Suppliants and the Danaides that their race came from Argos near Mycenae.
καὶ τὴν Πελοπόννησον δὲ Πελασγίαν φησὶν Ἔφορος κληθῆναι, καὶ Εὐριπίδης δʼ ἐν Ἀρχελάῳ φησὶν ὅτι
Δαναὸς ὁ πεντήκοντα θυγατέρων πατὴρ ἐλθὼν ἐς Ἄργος ᾤκισʼ Ἰνάχου πόλιν, Πελασγιώτας δʼ ὠνομασμένους τὸ πρὶν Δαναοὺς καλεῖσθαι νόμον ἔθηκʼ ἀνʼ Ἑλλάδα. Ἀντικλείδης δὲ πρώτους φησὶν αὐτοὺς τὰ περὶ Λῆμνον καὶ Ἴμβρον κτίσαι, καὶ δὴ τούτων τινὰς καὶ μετὰ Τυρρηνοῦ τοῦ Ἄτυος εἰς τὴν Ἰταλίαν συνᾶραι.
And Ephorus says that the Peloponnese was called Pelasgia, and Euripides also says in Archelaus that: "Danaus, the father of fifty daughters, having come to Argos, founded the city of Inachus, and made a law that those previously named Pelasgiotes should be called Danai throughout Greece." And Anticleides says that they were the first to colonize the regions around Lemnos and Imbros, and indeed that some of them sailed with Tyrrhenus the son of Atys to Italy.
καὶ οἱ τὴν Ἀτθίδα συγγράψαντες ἱστοροῦσι περὶ τῶν Πελασγῶν ὡς καὶ Ἀθήνησι γενομένων, διὰ δὲ τὸ πλανήτας εἶναι καὶ δίκην ὀρνέων ἐπιφοιτᾶν ἐφʼ οὓς ἔτυχε τόπους Πελαργοὺς ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀττικῶν κληθῆναι.
And those who wrote the Atthis relate concerning the Pelasgians that they were also at Athens, and because they were wanderers and, like birds, resorted to whatever places they happened upon, they were called Pelargoi by the Attics.