§4.1.7̔̀εν μὲν οὖν ἔχει παράδοξον ἡ προειρημένη παραλία τὸ περὶ τοὺς ὀρυκτοὺς ἰχθῦς, ἕτερον δὲ μεῖζον τούτου σχεδόν τι τὸ λεχθησόμενον.
Now, the aforementioned coastline has one wonderful feature in the matter of the dug-up fish, but the one about to be related is another almost greater than this.
μεταξὺ γὰρ τῆς Μασσαλίας καὶ τῶν ἐκβολῶν τοῦ Ῥοδανοῦ πεδίον ἐστὶ τῆς θαλάττης διέχον εἰς ἑκατὸν σταδίους, τοσοῦτον δὲ καὶ τὴν διάμετρον, κυκλοτερὲς τὸ σχῆμα· καλεῖται δὲ Λιθῶδες ἀπὸ τοῦ συμβεβηκότος.
For between Massalia and the mouths of the Rhodanus there is a plain, about a hundred stadia distant from the sea, and of about the same distance in diameter, circular in shape; and it is called the Stony Plain from its character.
μεστὸν γάρ ἐστι λίθων χειροπληθῶν ὑποπεφυκυῖαν ἐχόντων αὑτοῖς ἄγρωστιν, ἀφʼ ἧς ἄφθονοι νομαὶ βοσκήμασίν εἰσιν· ἐν μέσῳ δʼ ὕδατα καὶ ἁλυκίδες συνίστανται καὶ ἅλες.
For it is full of stones as large as the hand can hold, which have wild grass growing under them, from which there is abundant pasturage for cattle; and in the middle of it water, salt-pools, and salt are formed.
ἅπασα μὲν οὖν καὶ ἡ ὑπερκειμένη χώρα προσήνεμός ἐστι, διαφερόντως δʼ εἰς τὸ πεδίον τοῦτο τὸ μελαμβόρειον καταιγίζει πνεῦμα βίαιον καὶ φρικῶδες· φασὶ γοῦν σύρεσθαι καὶ κυλινδεῖσθαι τῶν λίθων ἐνίους, καταφλᾶσθαι δὲ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἀπὸ τῶν ὀχημάτων καὶ γυμνοῦσθαι καὶ ὅπλων καὶ ἐσθῆτος ὑπὸ τῆς ἐμπνοῆς.
Now, although the whole country lying above is windy, a violent and terrifying wind, the Black North, blows down upon this plain with exceptional fury; at any rate, they say that some of the stones are swept along and rolled, and that men are thrown from their vehicles, and stripped of both weapons and clothing by the blast.
Ἀριστοτέλης μὲν οὖν φησιν ὑπὸ σεισμῶν τῶν καλουμένων βραστῶν ἐκπεσόντας τοὺς λίθους εἰς τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν συνολισθεῖν εἰς τὰ κοῖλα τῶν χωρίων.
Aristotle, then, says that the stones, having been cast up to the surface by those earthquakes called "brastae," slid together into the hollow places of the district.
Ποσειδώνιος δὲ λίμνην οὖσαν παγῆναι μετὰ κλυδασμοῦ, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο εἰς πλείονας μερισθῆναι λίθους, καθάπερ τοὺς ποταμίους κάχληκας καὶ τὰς ψήφους τὰς αἰγιαλίτιδας, ὁμοίους δὲ καὶ λείους καὶ ἰσομεγέθεις τῇ ὁμοιότητι· καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν ἀποδεδώκασιν ἀμφότεροι.
But Poseidonius says that it was a lake which, having frozen over during a disturbance of the waves, was on this account split into many stones, like river-pebbles or the gravel on the seashore, and that they are smooth, uniform, and of equal size because of this similarity; and both of them have given the cause.
πιθανὸς μὲν οὖν ὁ παρʼ ἀμφοῖν λόγος· ἀνάγκη γὰρ τοὺς οὕτω συνεστῶτας λίθους οὐ καθʼ ἑαυτοὺς ἢ ἐξ ὑγροῦ παγέντας μεταβαλεῖν, ἐκ πετρῶν μεγάλων ῥήγματα συνεχῆ λαβουσῶν ἀποκριθῆναι.
Now the explanation of both is plausible; for stones so composed must of necessity not have changed of themselves or by freezing from a liquid state, but have been separated from huge rocks which had received successive fractures.
τὸ μέντοι δυσαπολόγητον Αἰσχύλος καταμαθὼν ἢ παρʼ ἄλλου λαβὼν εἰς μῦθον ἐξετόπισε.
However, Aeschylus, having observed the difficulty of explaining this, or having received it from another, transferred it to a myth.
φησὶ γοῦν Προμηθεὺς παρʼ αὐτῷ καθηγούμενος Ἡρακλεῖ τῶν ὁδῶν τῶν ἀπὸ Καυκάσου πρὸς τὰς Ἑσπερίδας
ἥξεις δὲ Λιγύων εἰς ἀτάρβητον στρατόν, ἔνθʼ οὐ μάχης, σάφʼ οἶδα, καὶ θοῦρός περ ὢν μέμψει· πέπρωται γάρ σε καὶ βέλη λιπεῖν ἐνταῦθʼ· ἑλέσθαι δʼ οὔ τινʼ ἐκ γαίας λίθον ἕξεις, ἐπεὶ πᾶς χῶρός ἐστι μαλθακός.
At any rate, Prometheus, in his play, guiding Heracles on his ways from the Caucasus to the Hesperides, says: "And you will come to the undaunted army of the Ligurians, where, I well know, you will not find fault with battle, impetuous though you are; for it is fated that you shall leave even your arrows there; and you will not have any stone to pick up from the ground, since the whole place is soft.
ἰδὼν δʼ ἀμηχανοῦντά σε Ζεὺς οἰκτερεῖ, νεφέλην δʼ ὑποσχὼν νιφάδι γογγύλων πέτρων ὑπόσκιον θήσει χθόνʼ, οἷς ἔπειτα σὺ βαλὼν διώσει ῥᾳδίως Λίγυν στρατόν. ὥσπερ οὐ κρεῖττον ὄν, φησὶν ὁ Ποσειδώνιος, εἰς αὐτοὺς τοὺς Λίγυας ἐμβαλεῖν τοὺς λίθους καὶ καταχῶσαι πάντας ἢ τοσούτων δεόμενον ποιῆσαι λίθων τὸν Ἡρακλέα.
But Zeus, seeing you in helplessness, will take pity on you, and, holding a cloud over you, will shadow the earth with a snowstorm of round stones, with which you will then throw and easily push through the Ligurian army." As if it were not better, says Poseidonius, to cast the stones upon the Ligurians themselves and bury them all, rather than to make Heracles stand in need of so many stones.
τὸ μὲν οὖν τοσούτων ἀναγκαῖον ἦν, εἴπερ καὶ πρὸς ὄχλον παμπληθῆ· ὥστε ταύτῃ γε πιθανώτερος ὁ μυθογράφος τοῦ ἀνασκευάζοντος τὸν μῦθον.
But indeed, so great a number was necessary, if it was actually against an immense multitude; so that in this respect the myth-writer is more plausible than the one who refutes the myth.
ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἄλλα πεπρῶσθαι φήσας ὁ ποιητὴς οὐκ ἐᾷ μέμφεσθαι φιλαιτίως.
Moreover, by saying that the other things also were fated, the poet does not allow us to find fault censoriously.
καὶ γὰρ ἐν τοῖς περὶ τῆς προνοίας καὶ τῆς εἱμαρμένης λόγοις εὕροι τις ἂν πολλὰ τοιαῦτα τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων καὶ τῶν φύσει γινομένων, ὥστʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν φάναι πολὺ κρεῖττον εἶναι τόδε ἢ τόδε γενέσθαι, οἷον εὔομβρον εἶναι τὴν Αἴγυπτον, ἀλλὰ μὴ τὴν Αἰθιοπίαν ποτίζειν τὴν γῆν· καὶ τὸν Πάριν εἰς Σπάρτην πλέοντα ναυαγίῳ περιπεσεῖν, ἀλλὰ μὴ τὴν Ἑλένην ἁρπάσαντα δίκας τῖσαι τοῖς ἀδικηθεῖσιν ὕστερον, ἡνίκα τοσοῦτον ἀπείργαστο φθόρον Ἑλλήνων καὶ βαρβάρων· ὅπερ Εὐριπίδης ἀνήνεγκεν εἰς τὸν Δία
Ζεὺς γὰρ κακὸν μὲν Τρωσὶ πῆμα δʼ Ἑλλάδι θέλων γενέσθαι ταῦτʼ ἐβούλευσεν πατήρ.
For indeed, in discussions concerning providence and fate, one would find many such instances in human affairs and in the occurrences of nature, so that one might say of them that it would be much better for this or that to happen, as, for example, that Egypt should be well-watered by rain, rather than that Ethiopia should irrigate its land; and that Paris, when sailing to Sparta, should have met with a shipwreck, rather than that he should have carried off Helen and later paid the penalty to those he had wronged, when so great a destruction of Greeks and barbarians had already been wrought; which Euripides attributed to Zeus: "For Father Zeus, wishing to bring evil upon the Trojans and suffering upon Greece, willed these things."