§17.3.22ὁμορεῖ δὲ τῇ Κυρηναίᾳ ἡ τὸ σίλφιον φέρουσα καὶ τὸν ὀπὸν τὸν Κυρηναῖον, ὃν ἐκφέρει τὸ σίλφιον ὀπισθέν· ἐγγὺς δʼ ἦλθε τοῦ ἐκλιπεῖν ἐπελθόντων τῶν βαρβάρων κατὰ ἔχθραν τινὰ καὶ φθειράντων τὰς ῥίζας τοῦ φυτοῦ·
Bordering on Cyrenaica is the land that produces silphium and the Cyrenaic juice, which the silphium yields when it is cut; but it came near to being extinct when the barbarians invaded it because of some hostility and destroyed the roots of the plant.
εἰσὶ δὲ νομάδες.
They are nomads.
ἄνδρες δʼ ἐγένοντο γνώριμοι Κυρηναῖοι Ἀρίστιππός τε ὁ Σωκρατικός, ὅστις καὶ τὴν Κυρηναϊκὴν κατεβάλετο φιλοσοφίαν, καὶ θυγάτηρ Ἀρήτη τοὔνομα, ἥπερ διεδέξατο τὴν σχολήν, καὶ ὁ ταύτην πάλιν διαδεξάμενος υἱὸς Ἀρίστιππος ὁ κληθεὶς Μητροδίδακτος, καὶ Ἀννίκερις ὁ δοκῶν ἐπανορθῶσαι τὴν Κυρηναϊκὴν αἵρεσιν καὶ παραγαγεῖν ἀντʼ αὐτῆς τὴν Ἀννικερείαν.
The famous Cyrenaean men were Aristippus the Socratic, who founded the Cyrenaic philosophy, and his daughter, Arete by name, who succeeded him in his school, and her son in turn who succeeded her, Aristippus, who was called Metrodidactus, and Anniceris, who is thought to have reformed the Cyrenaic sect and to have introduced in its place the Annicerean.
Κυρηναῖος δʼ ἐστὶ καὶ Καλλίμαχος καὶ Ἐρατοσθένης, ἀμφότεροι τετιμημένοι παρὰ τοῖς Αἰγυπτίων βασιλεῦσιν, ὁ μὲν ποιητὴς ἅμα καὶ περὶ γραμματικὴν ἐσπουδακώς, ὁ δὲ καὶ ταῦτα καὶ περὶ φιλοσοφίαν καὶ τὰ μαθήματα εἴ τις ἄλλος διαφέρων.
Also Cyrenaeans are Callimachus and Eratosthenes, both honored by the kings of Egypt, the former a poet and at the same time a zealous student of grammar, the latter surpassing everyone else in these subjects as well as in philosophy and mathematics.
ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ Καρνεάδης (οὗτος δὲ τῶν ἐξ Ἀκαδημίας ἄριστος φιλοσόφων ὁμολογεῖται) καὶ ὁ Κρόνος δὲ Ἀπολλώνιος ἐκεῖθέν ἐστιν, ὁ τοῦ διαλεκτικοῦ Διοδώρου διδάσκαλος τοῦ καὶ αὐτοῦ Κρόνου προσαγορευθέντος, μετενεγκάντων τινῶν τὸ τοῦ διδασκάλου ἐπίθετον ἐπὶ τὸν μαθητήν.
Moreover, Carneades (who is acknowledged to be the best of the philosophers from the Academy) and Apollonius Cronus are from there, the master of Diodorus the dialectician, who was himself also called Cronus, because some transferred the epithet of the teacher to the pupil.
μετὰ δὲ τὴν Ἀπολλωνίαν ἐστὶν ἡ λοιπὴ τῶν Κυρηναίων παραλία μέχρι Καταβαθμοῦ σταδίων δισχιλίων διακοσίων, οὐ πάνυ εὐπαράπλους· καὶ γὰρ λιμένες ὀλίγοι καὶ ὕφορμοι καὶ κατοικίαι καὶ ὑδρεῖα.
After Apollonia is the remaining coast of the Cyrenaeans as far as Catabathmus, of two thousand two hundred stadia, not at all easy to sail along; for there are few harbors and anchorages, settlements and watering-places.
τῶν δὲ μάλιστα ὀνομαζομένων κατὰ τὸν παράπλουν τόπων τό τε Ναύσταθμόν ἐστι καὶ τὸ Ζεφύριον πρόσορμον ἔχον καὶ ἄλλο Ζεφύριον καὶ ἄκρα Χερρόνησος λιμένα ἔχουσα· κεῖται δὲ κατὰ * κύκλον τῆς Κρήτης ἐν διάρματι χιλίων καὶ πεντακοσίων σταδίων νότῳ·
Of the places most named in the voyage along the coast, there is Naustathmus, and Zephyrium which has an anchorage, and another Zephyrium, and the promontory Chersonesus which has a harbor; it lies opposite the [...] of Crete, at a sea distance of one thousand five hundred stadia to the south.
εἶτα Ἡράκλειόν τι ἱερὸν καὶ ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ κώμη Παλίουρος· εἶτα λιμὴν Μενέλαος καὶ Ἀρδανὶς ἄκρα ταπεινὴ ὕφορμον ἔχουσα· εἶτα μέγας λιμὴν καθʼ ὃν ἡ ἐν τῇ Κρήτῃ Χερρόνησος ἵδρυται, δισχιλίων που σταδίων δίαρμα ἀπολείπουσα μεταξύ· ὅλη γὰρ σχεδόν τι τῇ παραλίᾳ ταύτῃ ἀντίκειται παράλληλος ἡ Κρήτη στενὴ καὶ μακρά.
Then a certain temple of Heracles, and above it the village Paliurus; then the harbor of Menelaus and the low promontory Ardanis which has an anchorage; then the Great Harbor, opposite which is situated the Chersonesus in Crete, leaving a sea distance of about two thousand stadia between them; for almost the whole of Crete, narrow and long, lies parallel and opposite to this coast.
μετὰ δὲ τὸν μέγαν λιμένα ἄλλος λιμὴν Πλυνός, καὶ ὑπὲρ αὐτὸν Τετραπυργία.
After the Great Harbor is another harbor, Plynus, and above it Tetrapyrgia.
καλεῖται δὲ ὁ τόπος Κατάβαθμος· μέχρι δεῦρο ἡ Κυρηναία.
The place is called Catabathmus; as far as this is Cyrenaica.
τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν ἤδη μέχρι Παραιτονίου κἀκεῖθεν εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν εἴρηται ἡμῖν ἐν τοῖς Αἰγυπτιακοῖς.
The rest, as far as Paraetonium and from there to Alexandria, has already been described by us in our account of Egypt.
§17.3.23τὴν δʼ ὑπερκειμένην ἐν βάθει χώραν τῆς σύρτεως καὶ τῆς Κυρηναίας κατέχουσιν οἱ Λίβυες, παράλυπρον καὶ αὐχμηράν· πρῶτοι μὲν οἱ Νασαμῶνες, ἔπειτα Ψύλλοι καί τινες Γαίτουλοι, ἔπειτα Γαράμαντες· πρὸς ἕω δʼ ἔτι μᾶλλον οἱ Μαρμαρίδαι, προσχωροῦντες ἐπὶ πλέον τῇ Κυρηναίᾳ καὶ παρατείνοντες μέχρι Ἄμμωνος.
The country situated in the interior above the Syrtis and Cyrenaica is occupied by the Libyans, being very barren and dry; first the Nasamones, then the Psylli and some Gaetulians, then the Garamantes; and still more to the east, the Marmaridae, who border more closely on Cyrenaica and extend as far as Ammon.
τεταρταίους μὲν οὖν φασιν ἀπὸ τοῦ μυχοῦ τῆς μεγάλης σύρτεως τοῦ κατʼ Αὐτόμαλά πως βαδίζοντας ὡς ἐπὶ χειμερινὰς ἀνατολὰς ἀφικνεῖσθαι.
They say, then, that those who march from the innermost recess of the Great Syrtis, about Automala, towards the winter sunrise, arrive in four days.
ἔστι δὲ ὁ τόπος οὗτος ἐμφερὴς τῷ Ἄμμωνι, φοινικοτρόφος τε καὶ εὔυδρος, ὑπέρκειται δὲ τῆς Κυρηναίας πρὸς μεσημβρίαν· μέχρι μὲν σταδίων ἑκατὸν καὶ δενδροφόρος ἐστὶν ἡ γῆ, μέχρι δʼ ἄλλων ἑκατὸν σπείρεται μόνον, ὀρυζοτροφεῖ δʼ ἡ γῆ διὰ τὸν αὐχμόν.
This place is similar to Ammon, producing dates and well-watered, and it lies above Cyrenaica to the south; for a distance of one hundred stadia the land is also covered with trees, but for another hundred it is only sown, and the land, because of the drought, produces edible roots.
ὑπὲρ δὲ τούτων ἡ τὸ σίλφιον ἐστιν· εἶθʼ ἡ ἀοίκητος καὶ ἡ τῶν Γαραμάντων·
Above these is the land that produces silphium; then the uninhabited land and that of the Garamantes.
ἔστι δʼ ἡ τὸ σίλφιον φέρουσα στενὴ καὶ παραμήκης καὶ παράξηρος, μῆκος μὲν ὡς ἐπὶ τὰς ἀνατολὰς ἰόντι ὅσον σταδίων χιλίων, πλάτος δὲ τριακοσίων ἢ μικρῷ πλειόνων τό γε γνώριμον.
The land that produces silphium is narrow, long, and very dry, its length to one going towards the east being about one thousand stadia, and its width three hundred or a little more, at least as far as is known.
εἰκάζειν μὲν γὰρ ἅπασαν πάρεστι διηνεκῶς τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ παραλλήλου κειμένην τοιαύτην εἶναι κατά τε τοὺς ἀέρας καὶ τὴν τοῦ φυτοῦ φοράν· ἐπεὶ δʼ ἐμπίπτουσιν ἐρημίαι πλείους, τοὺς πάντας τόπους ἴσμεν·
For we may conjecture that the whole land lying continuously on the same parallel of latitude is of this nature both in its atmosphere and the production of the plant; but since many deserts intervene, we do not know all the places.
παραπλησίως δʼ ἀγνοεῖται καὶ τὰ ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ἄμμωνος καὶ τῶν αὐάσεων μέχρι τῆς Αἰθιοπίας.
In like manner, the regions above Ammon and the oases as far as Ethiopia are unknown.
οὐδʼ ἂν ἔχοιμεν λέγειν τοὺς ὅρους οὔτε τῆς Αἰθιοπίας οὔτε τῆς Λιβύης, ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ τῆς πρὸς Αἰγύπτῳ τρανῶς, μή τί γε τῆς πρὸς τῷ ὠκεανῷ.
Nor could we tell the boundaries either of Ethiopia or of Libya, nor even clearly those of the land near Egypt, much less those of the land near the ocean.