§17.3.11ἔστι δέ που αὐτόθι καὶ ἀσφάλτου πηγὴ καὶ χαλκωρυχεῖα· καὶ σκορπίων δὲ καὶ πτηνῶν καὶ ἀπτέρων λέγεται πλῆθος, μεγέθει δὲ ἑπτασπονδύλων, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ φαλάγγια καὶ μεγέθει καὶ πλήθει διαφέροντα· σαύρας δὲ διπήχεις φασίν.
There is also somewhere there both a spring of asphalt and copper mines; and a multitude of scorpions, both winged and wingless, is said to exist, of the size of seven joints, and likewise tarantulas remarkable both for their size and number; and they say there are lizards two cubits long.
ἐν μὲν οὖν τῇ παρορείῳ λίθους εὑρίσκεσθαί φασι τοὺς λυχνίτας καὶ καρχηδονίους λεγομένους· ἐν δὲ τοῖς πεδίοις ὀστρακίων καὶ χηραμύδων πλῆθος, οἷον ἐν τοῖς περὶ τοῦ Ἄμμωνος λόγοις εἰρήκαμεν· καὶ δένδρον δέ ἐστι μελίλωτον καλούμενον, ἐξ οὗ σκευάζουσιν οἶνον· τινὲς δʼ αὐτῶν καὶ δίκαρπον ἔχουσι τὴν γῆν, καὶ δύο θεριστικὰ καρποῦνται, τὰ μὲν θερινὰ τὰ δʼ ἐαρινά· ἔστι δὲ ἡ καλάμη πεντάπηχυς τὸ ὕψος, πάχος δὲ τοῦ μικροῦ δακτύλου, τὸν δὲ καρπὸν διακοσιοκαιτετταρακοντάχουν ἀποδίδωσι· τοῦ δὲ ἔαρος οὐδὲ σπείρουσιν, ἀλλὰ παλιούροις συνδεδεμέναις ἐπικαταψήσαντες τὴν χώραν τῷ ἐκπεσόντι στάχυι κατὰ τὸν θερισμὸν ἀρκοῦνται· τελεσικαρπεῖ γὰρ τὸν θερινὸν καρπόν.
Now in the mountainous district they say that the stones called lychnitae and Carthaginian stones are found; and in the plains a multitude of shells and muscle-shells, such as we have mentioned in our accounts of Ammon; and there is also a tree called melilotos, from which they make wine; and some of them have land that bears crops twice a year, and they harvest two crops, the one in summer and the other in spring; and the stalk is five cubits in height, and of the thickness of the little finger, and it yields a crop of two hundred and forty fold; in the spring they do not even sow, but having brushed over the ground with bound-together wild-thorns, they are satisfied with the grain that fell during the harvest; for the summer crop brings itself to maturity.
διὰ δὲ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν θηρίων κνημῖδας ἔχοντες ἐργάζονται καὶ τἆλλα δὲ μέρη διφθεροῦνται· καθεύδοντες δὲ περιχρίουσι τοὺς κλινόποδας σκορόδοις τῶν σκορπίων χάριν καὶ παλιούροις περιδοῦσιν.
On account of the multitude of wild beasts they work wearing greaves, and they clothe the other parts of their bodies in skins; and when they sleep, they smear the feet of their beds with garlic on account of the scorpions, and bind wild-thorns around them.
§17.3.12Ἐν δὲ τῇ παραλίᾳ ταύτῃ πόλις Ἰὼλ ὄνομα, ἣν ἐπικτίσας Ἰούβας ὁ τοῦ Πτολεμαίου πατὴρ μετωνόμασε Καισάρειαν, ἔχουσα καὶ λιμένα καὶ πρὸ τοῦ λιμένος νησίον.
On this coast is a city, Iol by name, which Juba, the father of Ptolemy, rebuilt and renamed Caesarea, possessing both a harbor and a small island in front of the harbor.
μεταξὺ δὲ τῆς Καισαρείας καὶ τοῦ Τρητοῦ μέγας ἐστὶ λιμήν, ὃν Σάλδαν καλοῦσι· τοῦτο δʼ ἐστὶν ὅριον τῆς ὑπὸ τῷ Ἰούβᾳ καὶ τῆς ὑπὸ τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις·
And between Caesarea and Tretos is a large harbor which they call Salda; and this is the boundary between the territory under Juba and that under the Romans.
πολυτρόπως γὰρ οἱ μερισμοὶ γεγένηνται τῆς χώρας, ἅτε τῶν νεμομένων αὐτὴν πλειόνων γενομένων καὶ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἄλλοτʼ ἄλλως τούτων τοῖς μὲν φίλοις χρωμένων, τοῖς δὲ καὶ πολεμίοις, ὥστε καὶ ἀφαιρεῖσθαι καὶ χαρίζεσθαι συνέβαινεν ἄλλοις ἄλλα καὶ οὐ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον.
For the divisions of the country have been made in many ways, seeing that those who occupied it were numerous, and the Romans at different times treated some of them as friends and others as enemies, so that it happened that they took away some lands and granted others to different people, and not always in the same manner.
ἦν δὲ ἡ μὲν πρὸς τῇ Μαυρουσίᾳ προσοδικωτέρα τε καὶ δυναμικωτέρα, ἡ δὲ πρὸς τῇ Καρχηδονίᾳ καὶ τῇ Μασυλιέων ἀνθηροτέρα τε καὶ κατεσκευασμένη βέλτιον, καίπερ κεκακωμένη διὰ τὰ Καρχηδόνια τὸ πρῶτον, ἔπειτα διὰ τὸν πρὸς Ἰουγούρθαν πόλεμον· ἐκεῖνος γὰρ Ἀδάρβαλα ἐκπολιορκήσας ἐν Ἰτύκῃ καὶ ἀνελών, φίλον ὄντα Ῥωμαίων, ἐνέπλησε τὴν χώραν πολέμου·
And the part near Maurusia was more productive of revenue and more powerful, while the part near Carthage and the land of the Massylians was more flourishing and better equipped, although it had been damaged, first on account of the Carthaginian wars, and later on account of the war against Jugurtha; for he, having besieged Adherbal in Utica and killed him, though he was a friend of the Romans, filled the country with war.
εἶτʼ ἄλλοι ἐπʼ ἄλλοις συνέστησαν πόλεμοι, τελευταῖος δὲ ὁ πρὸς Σκιπίωνα Καίσαρι τῷ θεῷ συστάς, ἐν ᾧ καὶ Ἰούβας ἀπέθανε· συνηφανίσθησαν δὲ τοῖς ἡγεμόσι καὶ αἱ πόλεις, Τισιαοῦς τε καὶ Ὀυάγα καὶ Θάλα, ἔτι δὲ καὶ Κάψα, τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον τοῦ Ἰουγούρθα, καὶ Ζάμα καὶ Ζίγχα καὶ πρὸς αἷς κατεπολέμησε Καῖσαρ Σκιπίωνα ὁ θεός, πρὸς Ῥουσπίνῳ μὲν πρῶτον νικῶν, εἶτα πρὸς Οὐζίτοις, εἶτα πρὸς Θάψῳ καὶ τῇ πλησίον λίμνῃ καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις· πλησίον δὲ καὶ Ζέλλα καὶ Ἀχόλλα, ἐλεύθεραι πόλεις· εἷλε δʼ ἐξ ἐφόδου Καῖσαρ τὴν νῆσον καὶ Θέναν, πολίχνην ἐπιθαλαττιδίαν.
Then other wars upon other wars arose, and last of all that which arose against Scipio for the deified Caesar, in which Juba also died; and along with the leaders the cities also disappeared, namely Tisiaous and Vaga and Thala, and further also Capsa, the treasure-house of Jugurtha, and Zama and Zigha, and those near which the deified Caesar defeated Scipio, conquering first near Ruspina, then near Uzita, then near Thapsus and the neighboring lake and the others; and near them are also Zella and Acholla, free cities; and Caesar took by assault the island and Thenae, a small coastal town.
τούτων πασῶν αἱ μὲν τελέως ἠφανίσθησαν, αἱ δʼ ἡμίσπαστοι κατελείφθησαν· Φαρὰν δʼ οἱ Σκιπίωνος ἱππεῖς ἐνέπρησαν.
Of all these, some were completely destroyed, while others were left half-demolished; and Phara was burned by the cavalry of Scipio.
§17.3.13μετὰ δʼ οὖν Τρητὸν ἡ Μασυλιέων ἐστὶ καὶ ἡ Καρχηδονίων παραπλησία χώρα.
After Tretos, then, is the land of the Massylians and the adjacent territory of the Carthaginians.
Κίρτα τέ ἐστιν ἐν μεσογαίᾳ, τὸ Μασανάσσου καὶ τῶν ἑξῆς διαδόχων βασίλειον, πόλις εὐερκεστάτη καὶ κατεσκευασμένη καλῶς τοῖς πᾶσι καὶ μάλιστα ὑπὸ Μικίψα, ὅστις καὶ Ἕλληνας συνῴκισεν ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ τοσαύτην ἐποίησεν ὥστʼ ἐκπέμπειν μυρίους ἱππέας, διπλασίους δὲ πεζούς.
And Cirta is in the interior, the royal seat of Masanasses and his successive successors, a city extremely well-fortified and beautifully equipped in all respects, and especially by Micipsas, who also settled Greeks in it and made it so large as to send out ten thousand cavalry and twice as many infantry.
ἥ τε δὴ Κίρτα ἐνταῦθα καὶ οἱ δύο Ἱππῶνες, ὁ μὲν πλησίον Ἰτύκης ὁ δὲ ἀπωτέρω πρὸς τῷ Τρητῷ μᾶλλον, ἄμφω βασίλεια.
Here, then, are Cirta and the two Hippos, the one near Utica and the other further away, rather towards Tretos, both of them royal seats.
ἡ δὲ Ἰτύκη δευτέρα μετὰ Καρχηδόνα τῷ μεγέθει καὶ τῷ ἀξιώματι· καταλυθείσης δὲ Καρχηδόνος ἐκείνη ἦν ὡς ἂν μητρόπολις τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις καὶ ὁρμητήριον πρὸς τὰς ἐν Λιβύῃ πράξεις· ἵδρυται δʼ ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ κόλπῳ τῷ Καρχηδονιακῷ πρὸς θατέρῳ τῶν ἀκρωτηρίων τῶν ποιούντων τὸν κόλπον, ὧν τὸ μὲν πρὸς τῇ Ἰτύκῃ καλοῦσιν Ἀπολλώνιον, θάτερον δʼ Ἑρμαίαν, καὶ εἰσὶν ἐν ἐπόψει ἀλλήλαις αἱ πόλεις.
And Utica is second after Carthage in size and dignity; and after Carthage was destroyed, Utica was, so to speak, a metropolis for the Romans and a base of operations for their affairs in Libya; it is situated on the Carthaginian gulf itself, near one of the two promontories which form the gulf, of which the one near Utica they call Apollonium, and the other Hermaea, and the cities are in sight of each other.
ῥεῖ δὲ τῆς Ἰτύκης πλησίον ὁ Βαγράδας ποταμός· εἰσὶ δʼ ἀπὸ Τρητοῦ μέχρι Καρχηδόνος στάδιοι δισχίλιοι πεντακόσιοι· οὔτε τοῦθʼ ὁμολογεῖται δὲ τὸ διάστημα οὔτε τὸ μέχρι Σύρτεων.
And the river Bagradas flows near Utica; and from Tretos to Carthage is two thousand five hundred stadia; but neither is this distance agreed upon, nor that to the Syrtes.