§17.1.9ἔστι δʼ ἐν τῷ μεγάλῳ λιμένι κατὰ μὲν τὸν εἴσπλουν ἐν δεξιᾷ ἡ νῆσος καὶ ὁ πύργος ὁ Φάρος, κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἑτέραν χεῖρα αἵ τε χοιράδες καὶ ἡ Λοχιὰς ἄκρα ἔχουσα βασίλειον.
In the Great Harbor, on entering, there are on the right the island and the tower of Pharos, and on the other hand the reefs and the promontory of Lochias, which has a royal palace.
εἰσπλεύσαντι δʼ ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ἐστι συνεχῆ τοῖς ἐν τῇ Λοχιάδι τὰ ἐνδοτέρω βασίλεια, πολλὰς καὶ ποικίλας ἔχοντα διαίτας καὶ ἄλση· τούτοις δʼ ὑπόκειται ὅ τε ὀρυκτὸς λιμὴν καὶ κλειστός, ἴδιος τῶν βασιλέων, καὶ ἡ Ἀντίρροδος νησίον προκείμενον τοῦ ὀρυκτοῦ λιμένος, βασίλειον ἅμα καὶ λιμένιον ἔχον· ἐκάλεσαν δʼ οὕτως ὡς ἂν τῇ Ῥόδῳ ἐνάμιλλον.
On entering, on the left, continuous with the buildings on Lochias, are the inner royal palaces, which contain many and various apartments and groves; and below these lies the excavated and closed harbor, the private property of the kings, and Antirrhodos, a small island lying in front of the excavated harbor, having both a palace and a small harbor; and they called it so as being a rival, as it were, to Rhodes.
ὑπέρκειται δὲ τούτου τὸ θέατρον· εἶτα τὸ Ποσείδιον, ἀγκών τις ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐμπορίου καλουμένου προπεπτωκώς, ἔχων ἱερὸν Ποσειδῶνος· ᾧ προσθεὶς χῶμα Ἀντώνιος ἔτι μᾶλλον προνεῦον εἰς μέσον τὸν λιμένα ἐπὶ τῷ ἄκρῳ κατεσκεύασε δίαιταν βασιλικὴν ἣν Τιμώνιον προσηγόρευσε.
Above this lies the theater; then the Poseidion, a certain elbow-like projection extending from the place called the Emporium, containing a temple of Poseidon; to which Antony added a mole, projecting still further into the middle of the harbor, and at its extremity constructed a royal residence which he called the Timonion.
τοῦτο δʼ ἔπραξε τὸ τελευταῖον, ἡνίκα προλειφθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν φίλων ἀπῆρεν εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν μετὰ τὴν ἐν Ἀκτίῳ κακοπραγίαν, Τιμώνειον αὑτῷ κρίνας τὸν λοιπὸν βίον, ὃν διάξειν ἔμελλεν ἔρημος τῶν τοσούτων φίλων.
This he did at the very end, when, after his failure at Actium, having been deserted by his friends, he withdrew to Alexandria, deciding to lead the rest of his life in a Timonian style, which he was destined to pass in loneliness, deprived of so many friends.
εἶτα τὸ Καισάρειον καὶ τὸ ἐμπόριον καὶ ἀποστάσεις, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα τὰ νεώρια μέχρι τοῦ ἑπτασταδίου.
Then come the Caesareum, the Emporium, and the storehouses, and after these the shipyards extending as far as the Heptastadion.
ταῦτα μὲν τὰ περὶ τὸν μέγαν λιμένα.
Such are the matters concerning the Great Harbor.
§17.1.10̔εξῆς δʼ Εὐνόστου λιμὴν μετὰ τὸ ἑπταστάδιον, καὶ ὑπὲρ τούτου ὁ ὀρυκτὸς ὃν καὶ Κιβωτὸν καλοῦσιν, ἔχων καὶ αὐτὸς νεώρια.
Next, after the Heptastadion, is the harbor of Eunostus, and above this the excavated harbor which they also call Cibotus, which itself also has shipyards.
ἐνδοτέρω δὲ τούτου διῶρυξ πλωτὴ μέχρι τῆς λίμνης τεταμένη τῆς Μαρεώτιδος·
Further inland from this is a navigable canal extending to Lake Mareotis.
ἔξω μὲν οὖν τῆς διώρυγος μικρὸν ἔτι λείπεται τῆς πόλεως· εἶθʼ ἡ Νεκρόπολις τὸ προάστειον, ἐν ᾧ κῆποί τε πολλοὶ καὶ ταφαὶ καὶ καταγωγαὶ πρὸς τὰς ταριχείας τῶν νεκρῶν ἐπιτήδειαι.
Now, outside the canal, only a small part of the city remains; then comes the suburb Necropolis, in which are many gardens, tombs, and establishments suitable for the embalming of the dead.
ἐντὸς δὲ τῆς διώρυγος τό τε Σαράπειον καὶ ἄλλα τεμένη ἀρχαῖα ἐκλελειμμένα πως διὰ τὴν τῶν νέων κατασκευὴν τῶν ἐν Νικοπόλει· καὶ γὰρ ἀμφιθέατρον καὶ στάδιον καὶ οἱ πεντετηρικοὶ ἀγῶνες ἐκεῖ συντελοῦνται· τὰ δὲ παλαιὰ ὠλιγώρηται.
Within the canal are the Sarapeum and other ancient sacred precincts which have been in a way abandoned because of the construction of the new buildings in Nicopolis; for indeed an amphitheater and a stadium, and the quinquennial games, are celebrated there; while the ancient places are neglected.
συλλήβδην δʼ εἰπεῖν ἡ πόλις μεστή ἐστιν ἀναθημάτων καὶ ἱερῶν· κάλλιστον δὲ τὸ γυμνάσιον μείζους ἢ σταδιαίας ἔχον τὰς στοάς· ἐν μέσῳ τό τε δικαστήριον καὶ τὰ ἄλση.
To speak briefly, the city is full of dedications and temples, the most beautiful of which is the Gymnasium, which has porticoes more than a stadium in length; in the middle of it are the court of justice and the groves.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Πάνειον, ὕψος τι χειροποίητον στροβιλοειδὲς ἐμφερὲς ὄχθῳ πετρώδει διὰ κοχλίου τὴν ἀνάβασιν ἔχον· ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς κορυφῆς ἔστιν ἀπιδεῖν ὅλην τὴν πόλιν ὑποκειμένην αὐτῷ πανταχόθεν.
There is also the Paneum, an artificial mound of pine-cone shape, resembling a rocky hill, which has its ascent by a spiral way; from its summit one can see the whole city lying beneath it on all sides.
ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς Νεκροπόλεως ἡ ἐπὶ τὸ μῆκος πλατεῖα διατείνει παρὰ τὸ γυμνάσιον μέχρι τῆς πύλης τῆς Κανωβικῆς· εἶθʼ ἱππόδρομος καλούμενός ἐστι καὶ αἱ παρακείμεναι ἄλλαι μέχρι τῆς διώρυγος τῆς Κανωβικῆς.
From the Necropolis the longitudinal broad street extends past the Gymnasium as far as the Canobic gate; then there is the so-called Hippodrome, and the other streets adjacent to it as far as the Canobic canal.
διὰ δὲ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου διελθόντι ἡ Νικόπολις ἔστιν, ἔχουσα κατοικίαν ἐπὶ θαλάττῃ πόλεως οὐκ ἐλάττω· τριάκοντα δέ εἰσιν ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀλεξανδρείας στάδιοι.
For one who has passed through the Hippodrome, there is Nicopolis, which has a settlement on the sea not smaller than a city; it is thirty stadia distant from Alexandria.
τοῦτον δὲ ἐτίμησεν ὁ Σεβαστὸς Καῖσαρ τὸν τόπον, ὅτι ἐνταῦθα ἐνίκα τῇ μάχῃ τοὺς ἐπεξιόντας ἐπʼ αὐτὸν μετὰ Ἀντωνίου, καὶ λαβὼν ἐξ ἐφόδου τὴν πόλιν ἠνάγκασε τὸν μὲν Ἀντώνιον ἑαυτὸν διαχειρίσασθαι, τὴν δὲ Κλεοπάτραν ζῶσιν ἐλθεῖν εἰς τὴν ἐξουσίαν· μικρὸν δʼ ὕστερον κἀκείνη ἑαυτὴν ἐν τῇ φρουρᾷ διεχειρίσατο λάθρᾳ δήγματι ἀσπίδος ἢ φαρμάκῳ ἐπιχρίστῳ (λέγεται γὰρ ἀμφοτέρως), καὶ συνέβη καταλυθῆναι τὴν τῶν Λαγιδῶν ἀρχὴν πολλὰ συμμείνασαν ἔτη.
Augustus Caesar honored this place, because here he conquered in battle those who came out against him with Antony, and taking the city at the first onset, he forced Antony to lay hands on himself, and Cleopatra to come alive into his power; but a little later she also laid hands on herself in her prison secretly, by the bite of an asp or by an anointed poison (for both accounts are told), and it happened that the empire of the Lagidae, which had endured for many years, was dissolved.