§16.4.16γίνονται δʼ ἐν τούτοις τοῖς τόποις καὶ αἱ καμηλοπαρδάλεις, οὐδὲν ὅμοιον ἔχουσαι παρδάλει· τὸ γὰρ ποικίλον τῆς χρόας νεβρίσι μᾶλλον ἔοικε ῥαβδωτοῖς σπίλοις κατεστιγμέναις·
In these places giraffes also exist, having no resemblance to a leopard; for the variegated color of their skin is more like that of fawns, being dappled with striped spots.
τελέως δὲ τὰ ὀπίσθια ταπεινότερα τῶν ἐμπροσθίων ἐστίν, ὥστε δοκεῖν συγκαθῆσθαι τῷ οὐραίῳ μέρει τὸ ὕψος βοὸς ἔχοντι, τὰ δὲ ἐμπρόσθια σκέλη τῶν καμηλείων οὐ λείπεται·
Their hindquarters are completely lower than their forequarters, so that they seem to crouch down on their hind part, which has the height of an ox, while their forelegs do not fall short of those of camels.
τράχηλος δʼ εἰς ὕψος ἐξηρμένος ὀρθός, τὴν κορυφὴν δὲ πολὺ ὑπερπετεστέραν ἔχει τῆς καμήλου·
Their neck is raised high and straight, and has its head much higher than that of a camel.
διὰ δὲ τὴν ἀσυμμετρίαν ταύτην οὐδὲ τάχος οἶμαι τοσοῦτον εἶναι περὶ τὸ ζῷον, ὅσον εἴρηκεν Ἀρτεμίδωρος ἀνυπέρβλητον φήσας· ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ θηρίον ἐστίν, ἀλλὰ βόσκημα μᾶλλον· οὐδεμίαν γὰρ ἀγριότητα ἐμφαίνει·
Because of this asymmetry, I do not believe that the animal has so great a speed as Artemidorus said, claiming it to be unsurpassed; but it is not even a wild beast, but rather a pasturing animal, for it displays no wildness.
γίνονται δέ, φησί, καὶ σφίγγες καὶ κυνοκέφαλοι καὶ κῆβοι λέοντος μὲν πρόσωπον ἔχοντες τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν σῶμα πάνθηρος, μέγεθος δὲ δορκάδος·
And there are also found, he says, sphinxes and cynocephali and cebi, having, on the one hand, the face of a lion, but the rest of the body of a panther, and the size of a gazelle.
καὶ ταῦροι δʼ εἰσὶν ἄγριοι καὶ σαρκοφάγοι, μεγέθει πολὺ τοὺς παρʼ ἡμῖν ὑπερβεβλημένοι καὶ τάχει, πυρροὶ τὴν χρόαν·
And there are also wild, flesh-eating bulls, far exceeding ours in size and speed, and red in color.
κροκούττας δʼ ἐστὶ μῖγμα λύκου καὶ κυνός, ὥς φησιν οὗτος.
And the crocotta is a mixture of wolf and dog, as this author says.
ἃ δʼ ὁ Σκήψιος λέγει Μητρόδωρος ἐν τῷ περὶ συνηθείας βιβλίῳ μύθοις ἔοικε καὶ οὐ φροντιστέον αὐτῶν.
But what Metrodorus of Scepsis says in his book 'On Custom' resembles myths and must not be regarded.
καὶ δρακόντων δʼ εἴρηκε μεγέθη τριάκοντα πηχῶν ὁ Ἀρτεμίδωρος ἐλέφαντας καὶ ταύρους χειρουμένων, μετριάσας ταύτῃ γε· οἱ γὰρ Ἰνδικοὶ μυθωδέστεροι καὶ οἱ Λιβυκοί, οἷς γε καὶ πόα ἐπιπεφυκέναι λέγεται.
And Artemidorus has also spoken of the sizes of serpents of thirty cubits, which master elephants and bulls, being moderate at least in this; for the Indian and Libyan ones are more fabulous, on which, indeed, even grass is said to grow.
§16.4.17νομαδικὸς μὲν οὖν ὁ βίος τῶν Τρωγλοδυτῶν, τυραννοῦνται δὲ καθʼ ἕκαστα, κοιναὶ δὲ καὶ γυναῖκες καὶ τέκνα πλὴν τοῖς τυράννοις, τῷ δὲ τὴν τυράννου φθείραντι πρόβατον ἡ ζημία ἐστί·
The life of the Troglodytes, then, is nomadic, and they are governed by chiefs in separate tribes. Both wives and children are in common, except for those of the chiefs; and for the one who violates the chief's wife, the penalty is a sheep.
στιβίζονται δʼ ἐπιμελῶς αἱ γυναῖκες, περίκεινται δὲ τοῖς τραχήλοις κογχία ἀντὶ βασκανίων.
The women paint themselves carefully with antimony, and they wear small shells around their necks as amulets.
πολεμοῦσι δὲ περὶ τῆς νομῆς, κατʼ ἀρχὰς μὲν διωθούμενοι ταῖς χερσίν, εἶτα λίθοις, ὅταν δὲ τραῦμα γένηται, καὶ τοξεύμασι καὶ μαχαιρίσι·
They fight about pasture, at first pushing one another with their hands, then with stones, and when a wound is inflicted, also with arrows and daggers.
διαλύουσι δʼ αἱ γυναῖκες εἰς μέσους προϊοῦσαι καὶ δεήσεις προσενέγκασαι·
But the women put an end to the fight by coming forward into the midst and making entreaties.
τροφὴ δʼ ἔκ τε σαρκῶν καὶ τῶν ὀστέων κοπτομένων ἀναμὶξ καὶ εἰς τὰς δορὰς ἐνειλουμένων, εἶτʼ ὀπτωμένων καὶ ἄλλως πολλαχῶς σκευαζομένων ὑπὸ τῶν μαγείρων, οὓς καλοῦσιν ἀκαθάρτους· ὥστε μὴ κρεοφαγεῖν μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ ὀστοφαγεῖν καὶ δερματοφαγεῖν·
Their food consists of flesh and bones crushed and mixed together, wrapped in the skins, and then roasted and prepared in many other ways by the cooks, whom they call 'unclean'; so that they not only eat flesh, but also eat bone and skin.
χρῶνται δὲ καὶ τῷ αἵματι καὶ τῷ γάλακτι καταμίξαντες.
And they also use blood and milk, mixing them together.
ποτὸν δὲ τοῖς μὲν πολλοῖς ἀπόβρεγμα παλιούρου, τοῖς δὲ τυράννοις μελίκρατον, ἀπʼ ἄνθους τινὸς ἐκπιεζομένου τοῦ μέλιτος.
And their drink is, for the multitude, a decoction of buckthorn, but for the chiefs, hydromel, the honey being squeezed from a certain flower.
ἔστι δʼ αὐτοῖς χειμὼν μὲν ἡνίκα οἱ ἐτησίαι πνέουσι (κατομβροῦνται γάρ), θέρος δʼ ὁ λοιπὸς χρόνος.
And for them, winter is when the Etesian winds blow (for they are rained upon), and the remaining time is summer.
γυμνῆται δὲ καὶ δερματοφόροι καὶ σκυταληφόροι διατελοῦσιν· εἰσὶ δʼ οὐ κολοβοὶ μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ περιτετμημένοι τινὲς καθάπερ Αἰγύπτιοι.
They go about naked, wearing skins and carrying clubs; and they are not only mutilated, but some are also circumcised like the Egyptians.
οἱ δὲ Μεγαβάροι Αἰθίοπες τοῖς ῥοπάλοις καὶ τύλους προστιθέασι σιδηροῦς, χρῶνται δὲ καὶ λόγχαις καὶ ἀσπίσιν ὠμοβυρσίνοις, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ Αἰθίοπες τόξοις καὶ λόγχαις.
The Megabari Ethiopians also add iron knobs to their clubs, and they also use spears and raw-hide shields, while the other Ethiopians use bows and spears.
θάπτουσι δέ τινες τῶν Τρωγλοδυτῶν ῥάβδοις παλιουρίναις δήσαντες τὸν αὐχένα τῶν νεκρῶν πρὸς τὰ σκέλη, ἔπειτα εὐθὺς καταλεύουσιν ἱλαροί, γελῶντες ἅμα, ἕως ἂν τοῦ τὴν ὄψιν σώματος ἀποκρύψωσιν· εἶτʼ ἐπιθέντες κέρας αἴγειον ἀπίασιν.
Some of the Troglodytes bury their dead by binding the neck of the corpse to its legs with twigs of buckthorn; then they immediately throw stones at it with joy, laughing at the same time, until they hide the body from sight; then they place a goat's horn upon it and depart.
ὁδοιποροῦσι δὲ νύκτωρ ἐκ τῶν ἀρρένων θρεμμάτων κώδωνας ἐξάψαντες, ὥστʼ ἐξίστασθαι τὰ θηρία τῷ ψόφῳ· καὶ λαμπάσι δὲ καὶ τόξοις ἐπὶ τὰ θηρία χρῶνται, καὶ διαγρυπνοῦσι τῶν ποιμνίων χάριν ᾠδῇ τινι χρώμενοι πρὸς τῷ πυρί.
And they travel by night, having fastened bells to the male beasts, so that wild beasts may be scared away by the noise; and they also use torches and bows against the wild beasts, and they stay awake for the sake of their flocks, using a certain song near the fire.