§16.4.14οἱ δὲ χελωνοφάγοι τοῖς ὀστράκοις αὐτῶν σκεπάζονται μεγάλοις οὖσιν ὥστε καὶ πλεῖσθαι ἐν αὐτοῖς·
The Chelonophagists shield themselves with the shells of turtles, which are so large that they can even sail in them.
ἔνιοι δὲ τοῦ φύκους ἀποβεβλημένου πολλοῦ καὶ θῖνας ὑψηλὰς καὶ λοφώδεις ποιοῦντος, ὑπορύττοντες ταύτας ὑποικοῦσι·
Some, where a large amount of seaweed is cast up and forms high, hill-like dunes, dig underneath these and dwell there.
τοὺς δὲ νεκροὺς ῥίπτουσι τροφὴν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν, ἀναλαμβανομένους ὑπὸ τῶν πλημμυρίδων.
They cast their dead to be carried away by the flood-tides, as food for the fish.
τῶν δὲ νήσων τινὲς τρεῖς ἐφεξῆς κεῖνται, ἡ μὲν χελωνῶν ἡ δὲ φωκῶν ἡ δʼ ἱεράκων λεγομένη.
Of the islands, three lie in succession, called respectively the island of Turtles, of Seals, and of Hawks.
πᾶσα δʼ ἡ παραλία φοίνικάς τε ἔχει καὶ ἐλαιῶνας καὶ δαφνῶνας, οὐχ ἡ ἐντὸς τῶν στενῶν μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς ἐκτὸς πολλή.
The whole coast has date-palms, olive gardens, and laurel groves, not only that within the straits, but also much of that outside.
ἔστι δέ τις καὶ Φιλίππου νῆσος, καθʼ ἣν ὑπέρκειται τὸ Πυθαγγέλου καλούμενον τῶν ἐλεφάντων κυνήγιον·
There is also an island of Philip, opposite which lies the elephant-hunting ground called 'of Pythangelus'.
εἶτʼ Ἀρσινόη πόλις καὶ λιμήν, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἡ Δειρή· καὶ τούτων ὑπέρκειται θήρα τῶν ἐλεφάντων.
Then the city and harbor of Arsinoe, and after these Deire; and above these also lies an elephant-hunting ground.
ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς Δειρῆς ἡ ἐφεξῆς ἐστιν ἀρωματοφόρος, πρώτη μὲν ἡ τὴν σμύρναν φέρουσα, καὶ αὕτη μὲν ἰχθυοφάγων καὶ κρεοφάγων·
From Deire, the next region is spice-bearing; the first part is that which produces myrrh, and this belongs to the Ichthyophagists and Creophagists.
φύει δὲ καὶ περσέαν καὶ συκάμινον Αἰγύπτιον·
It also produces persea and the Egyptian sycamore.
ὑπέρκειται δʼ ἡ Λίχα θήρα τῶν ἐλεφάντων·
Above lies the elephant-hunting ground 'of Lichas'.
πολλαχοῦ δʼ εἰσὶ συστάδες τῶν ὀμβρίων ὑδάτων, ὧν ἀναξηρανθεισῶν οἱ ἐλέφαντες ταῖς προβοσκίσι καὶ τοῖς ὀδοῦσι φρεωρυχοῦσι καὶ ἀνευρίσκουσιν ὕδωρ.
In many places there are pools of rainwater, and when these dry up, the elephants dig wells with their trunks and tusks and find water.
ἐν δὲ τῇ παραλίᾳ ταύτῃ μέχρι τοῦ Πυθολάου ἀκρωτηρίου δύο λίμναι εἰσὶν εὐμεγέθεις· ἡ μὲν ἁλμυροῦ ὕδατος, ἣν καλοῦσι θάλατταν, ἡ δὲ γλυκέος, ἣ τρέφει καὶ ἵππους ποταμίους καὶ κροκοδείλους, περὶ τὰ χείλη δὲ πάπυρον· ὁρῶνται δὲ καὶ ἴβεις περὶ τὸν τόπον.
On this coast, as far as the promontory of Pytholaus, there are two very large lakes: one of salt water, which they call the 'Sea', and the other of fresh water, which breeds hippopotamuses and crocodiles, and has papyrus along its shores; ibises are also seen around the place.
ἤδη δὲ καὶ οἱ πλησίον τῆς ἄκρας τῆς Πυθολάου τὰ σώματα ὁλόκληροί εἰσι.
Already those near the promontory of Pytholaus have their bodies whole.
μετὰ δὲ τούτους ἡ λιβανωτοφόρος· ἐνταῦθα ἄκρα ἐστὶ καὶ ἱερὸν αἰγειρῶνα ἔχον.
After these is the frankincense-bearing country; there is a promontory here and a sanctuary with a poplar grove.
ἐν δὲ τῇ μεσογαίᾳ ποταμία τις Ἴσιδος λεγομένη καὶ ἄλλη τις Νεῖλος, ἄμφω καὶ σμύρναν καὶ λίβανον παραπεφυκότα ἔχουσαι.
In the interior is a river valley called 'of Isis' and another called 'Nile', both having myrrh and frankincense growing along them.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ δεξαμενή τις τοῖς ἐκ τῶν ὀρῶν ὕδασι πληρουμένη καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα Λέοντος σκοπὴ καὶ Πυθαγγέλου λιμήν· ἡ δʼ ἑξῆς ἔχει καὶ ψευδοκασίαν.
There is also a reservoir filled with water from the mountains, and after this the watchtower of Leon and the harbor of Pythangelus; the next region also has pseudocassia.
συνεχῶς δʼ εἰσὶ ποτάμιαι τε πλείους ἔχουσαι λίβανον παραπεφυκότα καὶ ποταμοὶ μέχρι τῆς κινναμωμοφόρου· ὁ δʼ ὁρίζων ταύτην ποταμὸς φέρει καὶ φλοῦν πάμπολυν·
In succession there are several river valleys containing frankincense growing along them, and rivers as far as the cinnamon-bearing country; and the river bounding this also carries a vast amount of reed.
εἶτʼ ἄλλος ποταμὸς καὶ Δαφνοῦς λιμὴν καὶ ποταμία Ἀπόλλωνος καλουμένη, ἔχουσα πρὸς τῷ λιβάνῳ καὶ σμύρναν καὶ κιννάμωμον· τοῦτο δὲ πλεονάζει μᾶλλον περὶ τοὺς ἐν βάθει τόπους·
Then another river and the harbor of Daphnus, and a river valley called 'of Apollo', which has myrrh and cinnamon in addition to frankincense; and this is more abundant around the places in the interior.
εἶθʼ ὁ Ἐλέφας τὸ ὄρος ἐκκείμενον εἰς θάλατταν, καὶ διῶρυξ καὶ ἐφεξῆς Ψυγμοῦ λιμὴν μέγας καὶ ὕδρευμα τὸ κυνοκεφάλων καλούμενον, καὶ τελευταῖον ἀκρωτήριον τῆς παραλίας ταύτης, τὸ Νότου κέρας.
Then Mount Elephas, which projects into the sea, and a canal, and next the great harbor of Psygmus, and a watering-place called 'of the Cynocephali', and finally the last promontory of this coast, the Southern Horn.
κάμψαντι δὲ τοῦτο ὡς ἐπὶ μεσημβρίαν οὐκέτι, φησίν, ἔχομεν λιμένων ἀναγραφὰς οὐδὲ τόπων διὰ τὸ μηκέτι εἶναι γνώριμον * ἐν δὲ τῇ ἑξῆς παραλίᾳ.
Having rounded this towards the south, he says we no longer have records of harbors or places because the coast that follows is no longer known.
§16.4.15εἰσὶ καὶ στῆλαι καὶ βωμοὶ Πυθολάου καὶ Λίχα καὶ Πυθαγγέλου καὶ Λέοντος καὶ Χαριμόρτου κατὰ τὴν γνώριμον παραλίαν τὴν ἀπὸ Δειρῆς μέχρι Νότου κέρως, τὸ δὲ διάστημα οὐ γνώριμον.
There are also pillars and altars of Pytholaus, Lichas, Pythangelus, Leon, and Charimortus along the known coast from Deire as far as the Southern Horn, but the intervening distance is not known.
πληθύει δʼ ἐλέφασιν ἡ χώρα καὶ λέουσι τοῖς καλουμένοις μύρμηξιν·
The country abounds in elephants and the lions called 'ants'.
ἀπεστραμμένα δʼ ἔχουσι τὰ αἰδοῖα * καὶ χρυσοειδεῖς τὴν χρόαν, ψιλότεροι δὲ τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀραβίαν·
These have their genital organs turned backward, are golden-colored in appearance, and are hairier than those in Arabia.
φέρει δὲ καὶ παρδάλεις ἀλκίμους καὶ ῥινοκέρωτας·
It also breeds powerful leopards and rhinoceroses.
οὗτοι δὲ μικρὸν ἀπολείπονται τῶν ἐλεφάντων οἱ ῥινοκέρωτες, ὥσπερ Ἀρτεμίδωρός φησιν, ἐπὶ σειρὰν τῷ μήκει, καίπερ ἑωρακέναι φήσας ἐν Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ, ἀλλὰ σχεδόν τι ὅσον τῷ ὕψει, ἀπό γε τοῦ ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ὁραθέντος·
These rhinoceroses, as Artemidorus says, although he claims to have seen one in Alexandria, fall only a little short of elephants in overall length, but from what was seen by us, they are almost equal in height.
οὐδὲ πύξῳ τὸ χρῶμα ἐμφερές, ἀλλʼ ἐλέφαντι μᾶλλον· μέγεθος δʼ ἐστὶ ταύρου·
Their color is not like boxwood, but rather like that of an elephant; its size is that of a bull.
μορφὴ δʼ ἐγγυτάτω συάγρου καὶ μάλιστα κατὰ τὴν προτομὴν πλὴν τῆς ῥινός, ὅτι ἔστι κέρας σιμὸν στερεώτερον ὀστέου παντός·
Its shape is closest to that of a wild boar, especially in its fore-part, except for its nose, because there is a curved horn harder than any bone.
χρῆται δʼ ὅπλῳ, καθάπερ καὶ τοῖς ὀδοῦσιν ὁ σύαγρος·
It uses this as a weapon, just as the wild boar uses its tusks.
ἔχει δὲ καὶ τύλους δύο ὡς ἂν σπείρας δρακόντων ἀπὸ τῆς ῥάχεως μέχρι τῆς γαστρὸς περικειμένας, τὴν μὲν πρὸς τῷ λόφῳ τὴν δὲ πρὸς τῇ ὀσφύι.
It also has two folds like the coils of dragons, wrapping from its spine to its belly, one near the ridge of the neck and the other near the loin.
ἐκ μὲν δὴ τοῦ ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ὁραθέντος ταῦτά φαμεν ἡμεῖς, ἐκεῖνος δὲ προσδιασαφεῖ διότι καὶ ἐλεφαντομάχον ἰδίως ἐστὶ τὸ ζῷον περὶ τῆς νομῆς, ὑποδῦνον τῇ προτομῇ καὶ ἀνακεῖρον τὴν γαστέρα, ἐὰν μὴ προληφθῇ τῇ προβοσκίδι καὶ τοῖς ὀδοῦσι.
From what was seen by us, we say these things; but he further explains that the animal is particularly an elephant-fighter over pasture, creeping under its fore-part and ripping up its belly, unless it is forestalled by the elephant's trunk and tusks.