§15.3.4τὰ μὲν οὖν Σοῦσα ἐν μεσογαίοις κεῖται ἐπὶ τῷ Χοάσπῃ ποταμῷ περαιτέρω κατὰ τὸ ζεῦγμα, ἡ δὲ χώρα μέχρι τῆς θαλάττης καθήκει· καὶ ἔστιν αὐτῆς ἡ παραλία μέχρι τῶν ἐκβολῶν σχεδόν τι τοῦ Τίγριος ἀπὸ τῶν ὅρων τῆς Περσικῆς παραλίας σταδίων ὡς τρισχιλίων.
Now Susa is situated in the interior on the river Choaspes, further on near the bridge, but its territory extends as far as the sea; and its coast, from the borders of the Persian coast to almost the mouths of the Tigris, is about three thousand stadia.
ῥεῖ δὲ διὰ τῆς χώρας ὁ Χοάσπης εἰς τὴν αὐτὴν τελευτῶν παραλίαν, ἀπὸ τῶν Οὐξίων τὰς ἀρχὰς ἔχων.
And the Choaspes flows through the country, ending at the same coast, having its source in the territory of the Uxii.
παρεμπίπτει γάρ τις ὀρεινὴ τραχεῖα καὶ ἀπότομος μεταξὺ τῶν Σουσίων καὶ τῆς Περσίδος, στενὰ ἔχουσα δυσπάροδα καὶ ἀνθρώπους λῃστάς, οἳ μισθοὺς ἐπράττοντο καὶ αὐτοὺς τοὺς βασιλέας κατὰ τὴν ἐκ Σούσων εἰς Πέρσας εἰσβολήν.
For a certain rugged and precipitous mountainous region intervenes between the Susians and Persis, having narrow and difficult passes and predatory people, who used to exact tolls even from the kings themselves on their passage from Susa into Persis.
φησὶ δὲ Πολύκλειτος εἰς λίμνην τινὰ συμβάλλειν τόν τε Χοάσπην καὶ τὸν Εὔλαιον καὶ ἔτι τὸν Τίγριν, εἶτʼ ἐκεῖθεν εἰς τὴν θάλατταν ἐκδιδόναι· πρὸς δὲ τῇ λίμνῃ καὶ ἐμπόριον εἶναι, τῶν ποταμῶν μὲν οὐ δεχομένων τὰ ἐκ τῆς θαλάττης, οὐδὲ καταπεμπόντων διὰ τοὺς καταράκτας ἐπίτηδες γενομένους, πεζῇ δʼ ἐμπορευομένων· ὀκτακοσίους γὰρ εἶναι σταδίους εἰς Σοῦσα * λέγουσιν ἄλλοι· ἄλλοι δέ φασι τοὺς διὰ Σούσων ποταμοὺς εἰς ἓν ῥεῦμα τὸ τοῦ Τίγριος συμπίπτειν κατὰ τὰς μεταξὺ διώρυγας τοῦ Εὐφράτου· διὰ δὲ τοῦτο κατὰ τὰς ἐκβολὰς ὀνομάζεσθαι Πασίτιγριν.
But Polycletus says that both the Choaspes and the Eulaeus, and also the Tigris, empty into a certain lake, and then from there discharge into the sea; and that near the lake there is also a trading-port, since the rivers do not receive the sea-cargoes, nor do they send them down because of the cataracts which were purposely constructed, but people carry on trade by land; for others say that the distance to Susa is eight hundred stadia; but others say that the rivers flowing through Susa empty into one stream, that of the Tigris, along the canals of the Euphrates which lie between; and that for this reason it is called Pasitigris at its mouths.
§15.3.5νέαρχος δὲ τὸν παράπλουν τῆς Σουσίδος τεναγώδη φήσας πέρας αὐτοῦ λέγει τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμόν· πρὸς δὲ τῷ στόματι κώμην οἰκεῖσθαι τὴν ὑποδεχομένην τὰ ἐκ τῆς Ἀραβίας φορτία· συνάπτειν γὰρ ἐφεξῆς τὴν τῶν Ἀράβων παραλίαν τῷ στόματι τοῦ Εὐφράτου καὶ τοῦ Πασιτίγριος, τὸ δὲ μεταξὺ πᾶν ἐπέχειν λίμνην τὴν ὑποδεχομένην τὸν Τίγριν.
Nearchus, however, having stated that the coasting-voyage of Susis is shallow, says that its limit is the river Euphrates; and that near its mouth is situated a village which receives the cargoes from Arabia; for, he says, the coast of the Arabians joins next in order the mouth of the Euphrates and that of the Pasitigris, and the whole intermediate space is occupied by a lake which receives the Tigris.
ἀναπλεύσαντι δὲ τῷ Πασιτίγρει σταδίους πεντήκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν τὴν σχεδίαν εἶναι τὴν ἄγουσαν ἐπὶ Σούσων ἐκ τῆς Περσίδος, ἀπέχουσαν Σούσων σταδίους * ἑξήκοντα· τὸν δὲ Πασίτιγριν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ὀροάτιδος διέχειν περὶ δισχιλίους σταδίους· διὰ δὲ τῆς λίμνης ἐπὶ τὸ στόμα τοῦ Τίγριος τὸν ἀνάπλουν εἶναι σταδίων ἑξακοσίων· πλησίον δὲ τοῦ στόματος κώμην οἰκεῖσθαι * τὴν Σουσιανὴν διέχουσαν τῶν Σούσων σταδίους πεντακοσίους· ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ στόματος τοῦ Εὐφράτου καὶ μέχρι Βαβυλῶνος τὸν ἀνάπλουν εἶναι διὰ γῆς οἰκουμένης καλῶς σταδίων πλειόνων ἢ τρισχιλίων.
And for one sailing up the Pasitigris one hundred and fifty stadia, there is the raft-bridge which leads from Persis to Susa, being sixty stadia distant from Susa; and the Pasitigris is distant from the Oroatis about two thousand stadia; and the voyage up through the lake to the mouth of the Tigris is six hundred stadia; and near the mouth is situated a Susian village, which is five hundred stadia distant from Susa; and from the mouth of the Euphrates as far as Babylon, the voyage up is through a well-inhabited country for more than three thousand stadia.
Ὀνησίκριτος δὲ πάντας φησὶν ἐκβάλλειν εἰς τὴν λίμνην τόν τε Εὐφράτην καὶ τὸν Τίγριν, ἐκπεσόντα δὲ πάλιν τὸν Εὐφράτην ἐκ τῆς λίμνης ἰδίῳ στόματι πρὸς τὴν θάλατταν συνάπτειν.
Onesicritus, however, says that all of them, both the Euphrates and the Tigris, empty into the lake, but that the Euphrates, emptying again from the lake, joins the sea by its own mouth.
§15.3.6ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλα πλείω στενὰ διεκβάλλοντι τὰ ἐν τοῖς Οὐξίοις κατʼ αὐτὴν τὴν Περσίδα, ἃ καὶ αὐτὰ βίᾳ διῆλθεν Ἀλέξανδρος, κατά τε τὰς Περσικὰς πύλας καὶ κατʼ ἄλλους τόπους διεξιὼν τὴν χώραν, καὶ κατοπτεῦσαι σπεύδων τὰ κυριώτατα μέρη καὶ τὰ γαζοφυλάκια, ἃ τοσούτοις χρόνοις ἐξεπεπλήρωτο, οἷς ἐδασμολόγησαν Πέρσαι τὴν Ἀσίαν·
There are also several other narrow passes for one passing through the territory of the Uxii into Persis itself, which Alexander also passed through by force, traversing the country both by the Persian Gates and by other places, and hastening to reconnoitre the most important parts and the treasuries, which had been filled during so long a time in which the Persians had collected tribute from Asia.
ποταμοὺς δὲ διέβη πλείους τοὺς διαρρέοντας τὴν χώραν καὶ καταφερομένους εἰς τὸν Περσικὸν κόλπον.
And he crossed several rivers that flow through the country and empty into the Persian Gulf.
μετὰ γὰρ τὸν Χοάσπην ὁ Κοπράτας ἐστὶ καὶ ὁ Πασίτιγρις, ὃς ἐκ τῆς Οὐξίας καὶ αὐτὸς ῥεῖ·
For after the Choaspes is the Copratas and the Pasitigris, which latter also flows from Uxia.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Κῦρος ποταμὸς διὰ τῆς κοίλης καλουμένης Περσίδος ῥέων περὶ Πασαργάδας, οὗ μετέλαβε τὸ ὄνομα βασιλεὺς ἀντὶ Ἀγραδάτου μετονομασθεὶς Κῦρος.
There is also the river Cyrus, which flows through the so-called Hollow Persis around Pasargadae, from which the king took his name, being renamed Cyrus instead of Agradatus.
πρὸς αὐτῇ δὲ τῇ Περσεπόλει τὸν Ἀράξην διέβη·
And close to Persepolis itself he crossed the Araxes.
ἦν δὲ ἡ Περσέπολις μετὰ Σοῦσα κάλλιστα κατεσκευασμένη μεγίστη πόλις, ἔχουσα βασίλεια ἐκπρεπῆ, καὶ μάλιστα τῇ πολυτελείᾳ τῶν κειμένων.
Now Persepolis was, next to Susa, the greatest city, most beautifully constructed, having a magnificent palace, and especially famous for the luxury of its contents.
ῥεῖ δʼ ὁ Ἀράξης ἐκ τῶν Παραιτακῶν· συμβάλλει δʼ εἰς αὐτὸν ὁ Μῆδος ἐκ Μηδίας ὁρμηθείς.
And the Araxes flows out of the country of the Paraitacae; and the Medus, which has its source in Media, empties into it.
φέρονται δὲ διʼ αὐλῶνος παμφόρου συνάπτοντος τῇ Καρμανίᾳ καὶ τοῖς ἑωθινοῖς μέρεσι τῆς χώρας, καθάπερ καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ Περσέπολις.
They flow through a very fertile valley which joins Carmania and the eastern parts of the country, just as Persepolis itself also does.
ἐνέπρησε δὲ ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος τὰ ἐν Περσεπόλει βασίλεια τιμωρῶν τοῖς Ἕλλησιν, ὅτι κἀκείνων ἱερὰ καὶ πόλεις οἱ Πέρσαι πυρὶ καὶ σιδήρῳ διεπόρθησαν.
And Alexander burnt down the palace in Persepolis, as a revenge for the Greeks, because the Persians had utterly destroyed their temples and cities with fire and sword.