§15.2.13λέγουσι μὲν οὖν καὶ οἱ νῦν πλέοντες εἰς Ἰνδοὺς μεγέθη θηρίων καὶ ἐπιφανείας, ἀλλʼ οὔτε ἀθρόων οὔτʼ ἐπιφερομένων πολλάκις, ἀλλʼ ἀποσοβηθέντα τῇ κραυγῇ καὶ τῇ σάλπιγγι ἀπαλλάττεσθαι.
Therefore, those who sail to India even now also speak of the sizes and appearances of the beasts, but say that they are neither in schools nor do they often attack, but are frightened away by shouting and the trumpet and depart.
φασὶ δʼ αὐτὰ μὲν μὴ πλησιάζειν τῇ γῇ, τὰ δʼ ὀστᾶ διαλυθέντων ψιλωθέντα ἐκκυμαίνεσθαι ῥᾳδίως καὶ χορηγεῖν τὴν λεχθεῖσαν ὕλην τοῖς Ἰχθυοφάγοις περὶ τὰς καλυβοποιίας.
And they say that the beasts themselves do not approach the land, but that when they decompose, their bones, having been stripped of flesh, are easily washed ashore by the waves and supply the aforementioned material to the Ichthyophagi for building huts.
μέγεθος δὲ τῶν κητῶν φησιν ὁ Νέαρχος τριῶν καὶ εἴκοσιν ὀργυιῶν.
Nearchus says that the size of the whales is twenty-three fathoms.
πιστευθέν τι δὲ ἱκανῶς ὑπὸ τῶν ἐν τῷ στόλῳ φησὶν ὁ Νέαρχος ἐξελέγξαι ψεῦδος ὄν, ὡς εἴη τις ἐν τῷ πόρῳ νῆσος ἡ ἀφανίζοι τοὺς προσορμισθέντας·
Nearchus also says that he exposed as false a certain thing that was quite believed by those in the fleet, to the effect that there was a certain island in the passage which caused those who anchored there to disappear.
κέρκουρον γάρ τινα πλέοντα, ἐπειδὴ κατὰ τὴν νῆσον ταύτην ἐγεγόνει, μηκέτι ὁραθῆναι·
For a certain light vessel, when it came near this island while sailing, was no longer seen.
πεμφθέντας δέ τινας ἐπὶ τὴν ζήτησιν ἐκβῆναι μὲν μὴ θαρρεῖν εἰς τὴν νῆσον, * ἐκπλέοντας δʼ ἀνακαλεῖν κραυγῇ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, μηδενὸς δʼ ὑπακούοντος ἐπανελθεῖν.
And some who were sent in search did not dare to land on the island, but while sailing out called the men with shouting, and when no one answered, they returned.
ἁπάντων δʼ αἰτιωμένων τὴν νῆσον αὐτὸς ἔφη πλεῦσαι καὶ προσορμισθεὶς ἐκβῆναι μετὰ μέρους τῶν συμπλευσάντων καὶ περιελθεῖν τὴν νῆσον·
While everyone blamed the island, he himself said that he sailed and, having anchored, landed with a part of his fellow-voyagers and went around the island.
ὡς δʼ οὐδὲν εὕρισκεν ἴχνος τῶν ζητουμένων, ἀπογνόντα ἐπανελθεῖν καὶ διδάξαι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ὡς ἡ μὲν νῆσος ψευδῆ τὴν αἰτίαν ἔχοι (καὶ γὰρ αὐτῷ καὶ τοῖς συνεκβᾶσιν ὁ αὐτὸς ὑπάρξαι φθόρος), ἄλλος δέ τις τῷ κερκούρῳ τρόπος τοῦ ἀφανισμοῦ συμβαίη, μυρίων ὄντων δυνατῶν.
And since he found no trace of those sought, he gave up hope, returned, and informed the men that the island was falsely blamed (for the same destruction would have befallen him and those who landed with him), but some other manner of disappearance had happened to the light vessel, since ten thousand other causes are possible.
§15.2.14̔η δὲ Καρμανία τελευταία μέν ἐστι τῆς ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰνδοῦ παραλίας, ἀρκτικωτέρα δʼ ἐστὶ πολὺ τῆς τοῦ Ἰνδοῦ ἐκβολῆς·
Carmania is the last part of the seacoast starting from the Indus, and is much further north than the mouth of the Indus.
τὸ μέντοι πρῶτον αὐτῆς ἄκρον ἔκκειται πρὸς νότον εἰς τὴν μεγάλην θάλατταν, ποιήσασα δὲ τὸ στόμα τοῦ Περσικοῦ κόλπου πρὸς τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς εὐδαίμονος Ἀραβίας ἄκραν ἐν ἀπόψει οὖσαν, κάμπτεται πρὸς τὸν Περσικὸν κόλπον ἕως ἂν συνάψῃ τῇ Περσίδι·
However, its first promontory projects toward the south into the great sea, and having formed the mouth of the Persian Gulf opposite the promontory from Arabia Felix which is within sight, it curves toward the Persian Gulf until it joins Persis.
πολλὴ δὲ κἀν τῇ μεσογαίᾳ ἐστὶν ἐκτεινομένη μεταξὺ τῆς Γεδρωσίας καὶ τῆς Περσίδος, παραλλάττουσα πλέον τῆς Γεδρωσίας πρὸς τὴν ἄρκτον.
And much of it also extends in the interior between Gedrosia and Persis, advancing further north than Gedrosia.
δηλοῖ δʼ ἡ εὐκαρπία· καὶ γὰρ πάμφορος καὶ μεγαλόδενδρος πλὴν ἐλαίας καὶ ποταμοῖς κατάρρυτος.
Its fertility shows this; for it produces all kinds of crops and has large trees, except the olive, and is watered by rivers.
ἡ δὲ Γεδρωσία διαφέρει μικρὸν τῆς τῶν Ἰχθυοφάγων, ὥστʼ ἀκαρπία κατέχει πολλάκις· διὸ φυλάττουσι τὸν ἐνιαύσιον καρπὸν εἰς ἔτη πλείω ταμιευόμενοι.
Gedrosia, on the other hand, differs little from the country of the Ichthyophagi, so that barrenness often prevails; wherefore they guard the annual harvest, rationing it for several years.
Ὀνησίκριτος δὲ λέγει ποταμὸν ἐν τῇ Καρμανίᾳ καταφέροντα ψήγματα χρυσοῦ· καὶ ὀρυκτοῦ δὲ εἶναι μέταλλον καὶ ἀργύρου καὶ χαλκοῦ καὶ μίλτου· ὄρη τε εἶναι δύο τὸ μὲν ἀρσενικοῦ τὸ δὲ ἁλός.
Onesicritus says that there is a river in Carmania which brings down gold dust; and that there are mines of silver, copper, and red ochre; and that there are two mountains, one of arsenic and the other of salt.
ἔχει δέ τινα καὶ ἔρημον συνάπτουσαν ἤδη τῇ Παρθυαίᾳ καὶ τῇ Παραιτακηνῇ.
It also has a certain desert bordering already on Parthyaea and Paraetacene.
γεώργια δʼ ἔχει παραπλήσια τοῖς Περσικοῖς τά τε ἄλλα καὶ ἄμπελον·
It has agricultural products similar to the Persian ones in other respects, and especially the vine.
ταύτης δʼ ἡ Καρμανία λεγομένη παρʼ ἡμῖν καὶ δίπηχυν ἔχει πολλάκις τὸν βότρυν πυκνορρῶγά τε ὄντα καὶ μεγαλορρῶγα, ἣν εἰκὸς ἐκεῖ εὐερνεστέραν εἶναι.
Of this vine, that which is called Carmanian among us often has a cluster of grapes two cubits long, being both dense-berried and large-berried, which is likely to be even more luxuriant there.
χρῶνται δʼ ὄνοις οἱ πολλοὶ καὶ πρὸς πόλεμον σπάνει τῶν ἵππων· ὄνον τε θύουσι τῷ Ἄρει, ὅνπερ σέβονται θεῶν μόνον, καὶ εἰσὶ πολεμισταί·
Most of them use asses even for war because of the scarcity of horses; and they sacrifice an ass to Ares, whom alone of the gods they worship, and they are warriors.
γαμεῖ δʼ οὐδεὶς πρὶν ἂν πολεμίου κεφαλὴν ἀποτεμὼν ἀνενέγκῃ ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα·
No one marries until he has cut off the head of an enemy and brought it to the king.
ὁ δὲ τὸ κρανίον μὲν ἐπὶ τῶν βασιλείων ἀνατίθησι, τὴν δὲ γλῶτταν λεπτοτομήσας καταμίξας ἀλεύρῳ γευσάμενος αὐτὸς δίδωσι τῷ ἀνενέγκαντι καὶ τοῖς οἰκείοις κατασιτήσασθαι·
The king hangs up the skull on the palace, and having sliced the tongue finely and mixed it with flour, tastes it himself and gives it to the one who brought it and his relatives to consume.
ἐνδοξότατος δʼ ἐστὶν ᾧ πλεῖσται κεφαλαὶ ἀνηνέχθησαν.
The most honorable is the one to whom the most heads have been brought.
Νέαρχος δὲ τὰ πλεῖστα ἔθη καὶ τὴν διάλεκτον τῶν Καρμανιτῶν Περσικά τε καὶ Μηδικὰ εἴρηκε.
Nearchus says that most of the customs and the dialect of the Carmanians are Persian and Median.
τὸ δὲ στόμα τοῦ Περσικοῦ κόλπου μεῖζον διάρματος ἡμερησίου.
The mouth of the Persian Gulf is greater than a day's sail across.