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Strabo · Geography §14.1.29-14.1.33

Lebedos, Teos, and Cities of the Ionian Peninsula

Passage 445 of 577 · Greek

Summary

The geographical details of Ionia are described, explaining the history of the Dionysiac artists in Lebedos, the poet Anacreon and the colonization of Teos, the balance of power on the Chalcideis isthmus, the origin of the proverb about the Corycaean eavesdroppers, and landmarks such as Mount Mimas.

§14.1.29μετὰ δὲ Κολοφῶνα ὄρος Κοράκιον καὶ νησίον ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδος, εἰς ὃ διανηχομένας τίκτειν τὰς ἐλάφους πεπιστεύκασιν.
After Colophon comes Mount Korakion and a small island sacred to Artemis, to which they believe the hinds swim across to give birth.
εἶτα Λέβεδος διέχουσα Κολοφῶνος ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσιν· ἐνταῦθα τῶν περὶ τὸν Διόνυσον τεχνιτῶν ἡ σύνοδος καὶ κατοικία τῶν ἐν Ἰωνίᾳ μέχρι Ἑλλησπόντου, ἐν ᾗ πανήγυρίς τε καὶ ἀγῶνες κατʼ ἔτος συντελοῦνται τῷ Διονύσῳ.
Then comes Lebedos, which is one hundred and twenty stadia distant from Colophon; here is the association and settlement of the artists of Dionysus in Ionia as far as the Hellespont, in which a general festival and games are celebrated yearly in honor of Dionysus.
ἐν Τέῳ δὲ ᾤκουν πρότερον τῇ ἐφεξῆς πόλει τῶν Ἰώνων, ἐμπεσούσης δὲ στάσεως εἰς Ἔφεσον κατέφυγον· Ἀττάλου δʼ εἰς Μυόννησον αὐτοὺς καταστήσαντος μεταξὺ Τέω καὶ Λεβέδου, πρεσβεύονται Τήιοι δεόμενοι Ῥωμαίων μὴ περιιδεῖν ἐπιτειχιζομένην σφίσι τὴν Μυόννησον, οἱ δὲ μετέστησαν εἰς Λέβεδον δεξαμένων τῶν Λεβεδίων ἀσμένως διὰ τὴν κατέχουσαν αὐτοὺς ὀλιγανδρίαν.
They formerly used to dwell in Teos, the next city of the Ionians, but when a sedition broke out they fled to Ephesus; and when Attalus established them in Myonnesus, between Teos and Lebedos, the Teians sent an embassy entreating the Romans not to allow Myonnesus to be fortified as a stronghold against them. The Romans then transferred them to Lebedos, since the Lebedians welcomed them gladly because of the scarcity of population that possessed them.
καὶ Τέως δὲ Λεβέδου διέχει ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι, μεταξὺ δὲ νῆσος Ἀσπίς, οἱ δʼ Ἀρκόνησον καλοῦσι· καὶ ἡ Μυόννησος δὲ ἐφʼ ὕψους χερρονησίζοντος κατοικεῖται.
Teos also is one hundred and twenty stadia distant from Lebedos, and between them is the island of Aspis, which some call Arconnesus; and Myonnesus also is inhabited on a peninsula-like height.
§14.1.30καὶ ἡ Τέως δὲ ἐπὶ χερρονήσῳ ἵδρυται λιμένα ἔχουσα· ἐνθένδʼ ἐστὶν Ἀνακρέων ὁ μελοποιός, ἐφʼ οὗ Τήιοι τὴν πόλιν ἐκλιπόντες εἰς Ἄβδηρα ἀπῴκησαν Θρᾳκίαν πόλιν, οὐ φέροντες τὴν τῶν Περσῶν ὕβριν, ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ τοῦτʼ εἴρηται " Ἄβδηρα καλὴ Τηίων ἀποικίη.
Teos also is situated on a peninsula, having a harbor; from here came Anacreon the lyric poet, in whose time the Teians abandoned their city and migrated to Abdera, a Thracian city, not enduring the insolence of the Persians, whence also this has been said: "Abdera, a beautiful colony of the Teians.
" πάλιν δʼ ἐπανῆλθόν τινες αὐτῶν χρόνῳ ὕστερον· εἴρηται δὲ καὶ περὶ Ἀπελλικῶντος ὅτι Τήιος ἦν κἀκεῖνος· γέγονε δὲ καὶ συγγραφεὺς Ἑκαταῖος ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς πόλεως.
"But some of them returned again some time later; and it has been said also of Apellicon that he too was a Teian; and the historian Hecataeus was also from the same city.
ἔστι καὶ ἄλλος λιμὴν ὁ πρόσβορρος ἀπὸ τριάκοντα σταδίων τῆς πόλεως Γερραιίδαι.
There is also another harbor, Gerraeidae, situated to the north, thirty stadia from the city.
§14.1.31εἶτα Χαλκιδεῖς ὁ τῆς χερρονήσου ἰσθμὸς τῆς Τηίων καὶ Ἐρυθραίων· ἐντὸς μὲν οὖν τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ οἰκοῦσιν οὗτοι, ἐπʼ αὐτῷ δὲ τῷ ἰσθμῷ Τήιοι καὶ Κλαζομένιοι· τὸ μὲν γὰρ νότιον τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ πλευρὸν ἔχουσι Τήιοι τοὺς Χαλκιδέας, τὸ δὲ πρόσβορρον Κλαζομένιοι, καθʼ ὃ συνάπτουσι τῇ Ἐρυθραίᾳ.
Then comes Chalcideis, the isthmus of the peninsula of the Teians and Erythraeans; within the isthmus these people dwell, and on the isthmus itself dwell the Teians and Clazomenians; for the Teians have the Chalcideis on the southern side of the isthmus, and the Clazomenians have the northern side, along which they border on the Erythraean territory.
κεῖται δʼ Ὑπόκρημνος ὁ τόπος ἐπὶ τῇ ἀρχῇ τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ, ἐντὸς μὲν ἀπολαμβάνων τὴν Ἐρυθραίαν ἐκτὸς δὲ τὴν τῶν Κλαζομενίων.
The place Hypocremnus lies at the beginning of the isthmus, enclosing the Erythraean territory on the inside and that of the Clazomenians on the outside.
ὑπέρκειται δὲ τῶν Χαλκιδέων ἄλσος καθιερωμένον Ἀλεξάνδρῳ τῷ Φιλίππου, καὶ ἀγὼν ὑπὸ τοῦ κοινοῦ τῶν Ἰώνων Ἀλεξάνδρεια καταγγέλλεται, συντελούμενος ἐνταῦθα.
Above Chalcideis lies a grove consecrated to Alexander the son of Philip, and a game called Alexandreia is proclaimed by the common assembly of the Ionians, being celebrated there.
ἡ δʼ ὑπέρβασις τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ τοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀλεξανδρείου καὶ τῶν Χαλκιδέων μέχρι τοῦ Ὑποκρήμνου πεντήκοντά εἰσι στάδιοι, ὁ δὲ περίπλους πλείους ἢ χίλιοι.
The crossing of the isthmus from the Alexandreion and Chalcideis as far as Hypocremnus is fifty stadia, but the circumnavigation is more than a thousand.
κατὰ μέσον δέ που τὸν περίπλουν αἱ Ἐρυθραί, πόλις Ἰωνικὴ λιμένα ἔχουσα καὶ νησῖδας προκειμένας τέτταρας Ἵππους καλουμένας.
Near the middle of this circumnavigation lies Erythrae, an Ionian city having a harbor and four small islands lying in front of it called the Hippoi.
§14.1.32πρὶν δʼ ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ τὰς Ἐρυθράς, πρῶτον μὲν Ἔραι πολίχνιόν ἐστι Τηίων· εἶτα Κώρυκος ὄρος ὑψηλὸν καὶ λιμὴν ὑπʼ αὐτῷ Κασύστης καὶ ἄλλος Ἐρυθρᾶς λιμὴν καλούμενος καὶ ἐφεξῆς πλείους ἕτεροι.
Before coming to Erythrae, first there is Erae, a small town of the Teians; then Mount Corycus, which is high, and under it the harbor Casystes, and another called the harbor of Erythra, and several others next in order.
φασὶ δὲ τὸν παράπλουν τοῦ Κωρύκου πάντα λῃστήριον ὑπάρξαι τῶν Κωρυκαίων καλουμένων, εὑρομένων τρόπον καινὸν τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς τῶν πλοϊζομένων· κατεσπαρμένους γὰρ ἐν τοῖς λιμέσι τοῖς καθορμιζομένοις ἐμπόροις προσφοιτᾶν καὶ ὠτακουστεῖν τί φέροιεν καὶ ποῦ πλέοιεν, εἶτα συνελθόντας ἀναχθεῖσι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἐπιτίθεσθαι καὶ καθαρπάζειν·
They say that the whole coastal voyage of Corycus was once a pirate stronghold of those called the Corycaeans, who found a new way of plotting against those who sailed; for scattering themselves in the harbors, they would approach the merchants who were putting in and eavesdrop on what they were carrying and where they were sailing, and then, coming together, they would attack the men after they had put to sea and plunder them.
ἀφʼ οὗ δὴ πάντα τὸν πολυπράγμονα καὶ κατακούειν ἐπιχειροῦντα τῶν λάθρα καὶ ἐν ἀπορρήτῳ διαλεγομένων Κωρυκαῖον καλοῦμεν, καὶ ἐν παροιμίᾳ φαμέν " τοῦ δʼ ἆρʼ ὁ Κωρυκαῖος ἠκροάζετο, " ὅταν δοκῇ τις πράττειν διʼ ἀπορρήτων ἢ λαλεῖν, μὴ λανθάνῃ δὲ διὰ τοὺς κατασκοποῦντας καὶ φιλοπευστοῦντας τὰ μὴ προσήκοντα.
From this indeed we call everyone who is a busybody and attempts to eavesdrop on those who are speaking in secret and in private a Corycaean, and in a proverb we say: "And so the Corycaean was listening to him, "whenever someone thinks he is acting or speaking in secret, but does not escape notice because of those who spy and pry into things that do not concern them.
§14.1.33μετὰ δὲ Κώρυκον Ἁλόννησος νησίον· εἶτα τὸ Ἄργεννον, ἄκρα τῆς Ἐρυθραίας πλησιάζουσα μάλιστα τῷ Χίων Ποσειδίῳ ποιοῦντι πορθμὸν ὅσον ἑξήκοντα σταδίων.
After Corycus comes Halonnesus, a small island; then ¦p.900 Argennum, a cape of the Erythraean territory, which comes closest to the Poseidium of the Chians, making a strait of about sixty stadia.
μεταξὺ δὲ τῶν Ἐρυθρῶν καὶ τοῦ Ὑποκρήμνου Μίμας ἐστὶν ὄρος ὑψηλὸν εὔθηρον πολύδενδρον· εἶτα κώμη Κυβέλεια καὶ ἄκρα Μέλαινα καλουμένη μύλων ἔχουσα λατόμιον.
Between Erythrae and Hypocremnus is Mimas, a high mountain, rich in game and heavily wooded; then the village Cybeleia, and a cape called Melaena which has a quarry for millstones.

Notes

  1. 14.1.29εἰς ὃ διανηχομένας τίκτειν τὰς ἐλάφους πεπιστεύκασιν — An accusative-with-infinitive construction where the feminine accusative plural participle `διανηχομένας` agrees with the subject of the infinitive, `τὰς ἐλάφους` ('the hinds'). It expresses the popular belief that the hinds swim across to the island to give birth.
  2. 14.1.29οἱ δὲ μετέστησαν — The pronoun `οἱ δὲ` refers back to the 'Romans' (`Ῥωμαίων`) addressed by the Teian embassy. It shows that the Romans intervened and transferred the artists to Lebedos to settle the dispute between Teos and Lebedos.
  3. 14.1.31Χαλκιδεῖς — A nominative plural proper noun used here in apposition to the 'isthmus' (`ἰσθμός`), referring to the territory known as Chalcideis. It defines the boundary region where the territories of the Teians, Erythraeans, and Clazomenians meet.
  4. 14.1.32τοῦ δʼ ἆρʼ ὁ Κωρυκαῖος ἠκροάζετο — A quoted proverb. The genitive pronoun `τοῦ` functions as the object of the verb `ἠκροάζετο` ('was listening to'), which governs the genitive case, referring to 'him' (the merchant or person speaking in secret). The particle `ἆρα` (`ἆρ'`) expresses surprise or realization ('then' or 'indeed').

Cite this passage

Strabo, Geography §14.1.29-14.1.33. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:14.1.29-14.1.33

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