§14.1.25ἄνδρες δʼ ἀξιόλογοι γεγόνασιν ἐν αὐτῇ τῶν μὲν παλαιῶν Ἡράκλειτός τε ὁ σκοτεινὸς καλούμενος καὶ Ἑρμόδωρος, περὶ οὗ ὁ αὐτὸς οὗτός φησιν
"ἄξιον Ἐφεσίοις ἡβηδὸν ἀπάγξασθαι, οἵτινες Ἑρμόδωρον ἄνδρα ἑωυτῶν ὀνήιστον ἐξέβαλον, φάντες ἡμέων μηδὲ εἷς ὀνήιστος ἔστω, εἰ δὲ μή, ἄλλῃ τε καὶ μετʼ ἄλλων. "
δοκεῖ δʼ οὗτος ὁ ἀνὴρ νόμους τινὰς Ῥωμαίοις συγγράψαι.
Distinguished men have been born in it; among the ancients, Heraclitus, who was called the "Obscure," and Hermodorus, concerning whom this same man says: "The Ephesians deserve to hang themselves, from the youth upwards, who expelled Hermodorus, their most useful man, saying: Let there be no single most useful man among us; or if there be, let him be elsewhere and with others." And this man seems to have written some laws for the Romans.
καὶ Ἱππῶναξ δʼ ἐστὶν ὁ ποιητὴς ἐξ Ἐφέσου καὶ Παρράσιος ὁ ζωγράφος καὶ Ἀπελλῆς, τῶν δὲ νεωτέρων Ἀλέξανδρος ῥήτωρ ὁ Λύχνος προσαγορευθείς, ὃς καὶ ἐπολιτεύσατο καὶ συνέγραψεν ἱστορίαν καὶ ἔπη κατέλιπεν, ἐν οἷς τά τε οὐράνια διατίθεται καὶ τὰς ἠπείρους γεωγραφεῖ, καθʼ ἑκάστην ἐκδοὺς ποίημα.
Also Hipponax the poet is from Ephesus, and Parrhasius the painter, and Apelles; and among the more recent, Alexander the orator, surnamed the "Lychnus," who also took part in politics, wrote history, and left epic poems, in which he describes the celestial bodies and geographizes the continents, publishing a poem on each.
§14.1.26μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐκβολὴν τοῦ Καΰστρου λίμνη ἐστὶν ἐκ τοῦ πελάγους ἀναχεομένη (καλεῖται δὲ Σελινουσία) καὶ ἐφεξῆς ἄλλη σύρρους αὐτῇ μεγάλας ἔχουσαι προσόδους, ἃς οἱ βασιλεῖς μὲν ἱερὰς οὔσας ἀφείλοντο τὴν θεόν, Ῥωμαῖοι δʼ ἀπέδοσαν· πάλιν δʼ οἱ δημοσιῶναι βιασάμενοι περιέστησαν εἰς ἑαυτοὺς τὰ τέλη, πρεσβεύσας δὲ ὁ Ἀρτεμίδωρος, ὥς φησι, τάς τε λίμνας ἀπέλαβε τῇ θεῷ καὶ τὴν Ἡρακλεῶτιν ἀφισταμένην ἐξενίκησε κριθεὶς ἐν Ῥώμῃ· ἀντὶ δὲ τούτων εἰκόνα χρυσῆν ἀνέστησεν ἡ πόλις ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ.
After the outlet of the Cayster, there is a lake flowing from the sea, which is called Selinusia, and next to it another confluent with it, both having great revenues, which the kings, although they were sacred, deprived the goddess of, but the Romans restored them; but again the tax-gatherers by force turned the taxes to themselves; however, Artemidorus, having gone on an embassy, as he says, recovered the lakes for the goddess, and also won the case for Heracleotis, which was seceding, after being judged in Rome; in return for these things, the city erected a golden statue of him in the temple.
τῆς δὲ λίμνης ἐν τῷ κοιλοτάτῳ βασιλέως ἐστὶν ἱερόν· φασὶ δʼ Ἀγαμέμνονος ἵδρυμα.
In the deepest part of the lake is a temple of a king, which they say was founded by Agamemnon.
§14.1.27εἶτα τὸ Γαλλήσιον ὄρος καὶ ἡ Κολοφὼν πόλις Ἰωνικὴ καὶ τὸ πρὸ αὐτῆς ἄλσος τοῦ Κλαρίου Ἀπόλλωνος, ἐν ᾧ καὶ μαντεῖόν ἐστι παλαιόν.
Then comes Mount Gallesium and Colophon, an Ionian city, and in front of it the grove of Clarian Apollo, in which there is also an ancient oracle.
λέγεται δὲ Κάλχας ὁ μάντις μετʼ Ἀμφιλόχου τοῦ Ἀμφιαράου κατὰ τὴν ἐκ Τροίας ἐπάνοδον πεζῇ δεῦρο ἀφικέσθαι, περιτυχὼν δʼ ἑαυτοῦ κρείττονι μάντει κατὰ τὴν Κλάρον, Μόψῳ τῷ Μαντοῦς τῆς Τειρεσίου θυγατρός, διὰ λύπην ἀποθανεῖν.
It is said that Calchas the seer, along with Amphilochus the son of Amphiaraus, arrived here on foot during the return from Troy, and having met a seer better than himself near Claros, Mopsus, the son of Manto, the daughter of Tiresias, died of grief.
Ἡσίοδος μὲν οὖν οὕτω πως διασκευάζει τὸν μῦθον· προτεῖναι γάρ τι τοιοῦτο τῷ Μόψῳ τὸν Κάλχαντα
"
θαῦμά μʼ ἔχει κατὰ θυμόν, ὅσους ἐρινειὸς ὀλύνθους
οὗτος ἔχει μικρός περ ἐών· εἴποις ἂν ἀριθμόν; "
τὸν δʼ ἀποκρίνασθαι
"
μύριοί εἰσιν ἀριθμόν, ἀτὰρ μέτρον γε μέδιμνος· εἷς δὲ περισσεύει, τὸν ἐπενθέμεν οὔ κε δύναιο. ὣς φάτο· καί σφιν ἀριθμὸς ἐτήτυμος εἴδετο μέτρου.
Hesiod, indeed, fashions the myth somewhat like this: for Calchas proposed something of this kind to Mopsus: "A wonder holds my heart, how many wild figs this fig-tree has, though it is so small; could you tell the number?" And Mopsus replied: "They are ten thousand in number, but a medimnus is the measure; and one remains over, which you could not put upon it." So he spoke; and the true number of the measure appeared to them.
καὶ τότε δὴ Κάλχανθʼ ὕπνος θανάτοιο κάλυψε.
And then indeed the sleep of death covered Calchas.
"
Φερεκύδης δέ φησιν ὗν προβαλεῖν ἔγκυον τὸν Κάλχαντα πόσους ἔχει χοίρους, τὸν δʼ εἰπεῖν ὅτι τρεῖς, ὧν ἕνα θῆλυν· ἀληθεύσαντος δʼ ἀποθανεῖν ὑπὸ λύπης.
But Pherecydes says that Calchas proposed to him a pregnant sow, asking how many pigs she had, and Mopsus said three, of which one was female; and when Mopsus spoke the truth, Calchas died of grief.
οἱ δὲ τὸν μὲν Κάλχαντα προβαλεῖν τὴν ὗν φασι τὸν δὲ ἐρινεόν, καὶ τὸν μὲν εἰπεῖν τἀληθὲς τὸν δὲ μή, ἀποθανεῖν δὲ ὑπὸ λύπης καὶ κατά τι λόγιον.
Others say that Calchas proposed the sow and Mopsus the wild fig-tree, and that one spoke the truth and the other did not, and that Calchas died of grief according to some oracle.
λέγει δʼ αὐτὸ Σοφοκλῆς ἐν Ἑλένης ἀπαιτήσει ὡς εἱμαρμένον εἴη ἀποθανεῖν, ὅταν κρείττονι ἑαυτοῦ μάντει περιτύχῃ· οὗτος δὲ καὶ εἰς Κιλικίαν μεταφέρει τὴν ἔριν καὶ τὸν θάνατον τοῦ Κάλχαντος.
Sophocles says in the Demand of Helen that it was fated for him to die when he should meet a seer better than himself; and he also transfers the dispute and the death of Calchas to Cilicia.
τὰ μὲν παλαιὰ τοιαῦτα.
Such are the ancient stories.
§14.1.28ἐκτήσαντο δέ ποτε καὶ ναυτικὴν ἀξιόλογον δύναμιν Κολοφώνιοι καὶ ἱππικήν, ἐν ᾗ τοσοῦτον διέφερον τῶν ἄλλων ὥσθʼ, ὅπου ποτὲ ἐν τοῖς δυσκαταλύτοις πολέμοις τὸ ἱππικὸν τῶν Κολοφωνίων ἐπικουρήσειε, λύεσθαι τὸν πόλεμον· ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ τὴν παροιμίαν ἐκδοθῆναι τὴν λέγουσαν
τὸν Κολοφῶνα ἐπέθηκεν
ὅταν τέλος ἐπιτεθῇ βέβαιον τῷ πράγματι.
The Colophonians once acquired a noteworthy naval and cavalry force, in which they so far excelled others that, wherever in hard-to-settle wars the cavalry of the Colophonians brought aid, the war was settled; from which arose also the proverb which says: "He put the Colophon on it," whenever a secure end is put to a matter.
ἄνδρες δʼ ἐγένοντο Κολοφώνιοι τῶν μνημονευομένων Μίμνερμος αὐλητὴς ἅμα καὶ ποιητὴς ἐλεγείας, καὶ Ξενοφάνης ὁ φυσικός, ὁ τοὺς σίλλους ποιήσας διὰ ποιημάτων· λέγει δὲ Πίνδαρος καὶ Πολύμναστόν τινα τῶν περὶ τὴν μουσικὴν ἐλλογίμων
"
φθέγμα μὲν πάγκοινον ἔγνωκας; Πολυμνάστου Κολοφωνίου ἀνδρός. "
καὶ Ὅμηρον δέ τινες ἐντεῦθεν εἶναί φασιν.
And the Colophonian men among those remembered were Mimnermus, who was both a flute-player and an elegiac poet, and Xenophanes the natural philosopher, who composed the Silloi in verse; and Pindar also mentions a certain Polymnastus among those famous in music: "You know the common voice of Polymnastus, the Colophonian man." And some say that Homer also was from there.
Εὐθυπλοίᾳ μὲν οὖν ἑβδομήκοντα στάδιοί εἰσιν ἐξ Ἐφέσου, ἐγκολπίζοντι δὲ ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι.
By a straight course, then, it is seventy stadia from Ephesus, but for one coasting along the gulf, one hundred and twenty.