§12.3.32ὑπὲρ δὲ τῆς Φαναροίας ἐστὶ τὰ Κόμανα τὰ ἐν τῷ Πόντῳ, ὁμώνυμα τοῖς ἐν τῇ μεγάλῃ Καππαδοκίᾳ καὶ τῇ αὐτῇ θεῷ καθιερωμένα, ἀφιδρυθέντα ἐκεῖθεν, σχεδὸν δέ τι καὶ τῇ ἀγωγῇ παραπλησίᾳ κεχρημένα τῶν τε ἱερουργιῶν καὶ τῶν θεοφοριῶν καὶ τῆς περὶ τοὺς ἱερέας τιμῆς, καὶ μάλιστα ἐπὶ τῶν πρὸ τοῦ βασιλέων, ἡνίκα δὶς τοῦ ἔτους κατὰ τὰς ἐξόδους λεγομένας τῆς θεοῦ διάδημα φορῶν ἐτύγχανεν ὁ ἱερεύς, καὶ ἦν δεύτερος κατὰ τιμὴν μετὰ τὸν βασιλέα.
Above Phanaroea is Comana in Pontus, homonymous with the city in Greater Cappadocia and consecrated to the same goddess, having been founded from there as a colony; and it uses almost the same system of rituals, divine possessions, and honor concerning the priests, and especially in the times of the kings before, when twice a year, during the so-called exits of the goddess, the priest happened to wear a diadem, and was second in honor after the king.
§12.3.33ἐμνήσθημεν δὲ πρότερον Δορυλάου τε τοῦ τακτικοῦ, ὃς ἦν πρόπαππος τῆς μητρὸς ἡμῶν, καὶ ἄλλου Δορυλάου, ὃς ἦν ἐκείνου ἀδελφιδοῦς υἱὸς δὲ Φιλεταίρου, καὶ διότι ἐκεῖνος τῶν ἄλλων τιμῶν παρὰ τοῦ Εὐπάτορος τῶν μεγίστων τυχὼν καὶ δὴ καὶ τῆς ἐν Κομάνοις ἱερωσύνης ἐφωράθη τὴν βασιλείαν ἀφιστὰς Ῥωμαίοις· καταλυθέντος δʼ ἐκείνου συνδιεβλήθη καὶ τὸ γένος.
We have previously mentioned Dorylaus the tactician, who was the great-grandfather of our mother, and another Dorylaus, who was his nephew and the son of Philetaerus, and how the latter, having obtained the greatest of other honors from Eupator, and in particular the priesthood in Comana, was detected trying to make the kingdom revolt to the Romans; and when he was overthrown, his family also shared in the disgrace.
ὀψὲ δὲ Μοαφέρνης ὁ θεῖος τῆς μητρὸς ἡμῶν εἰς ἐπιφάνειαν ἦλθεν ἤδη πρὸς καταλύσει τῆς βασιλείας, καὶ πάλιν τῷ βασιλεῖ συνητύχησαν καὶ αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ ἐκείνου φίλοι, πλὴν εἴ τινες ἔφθησαν προαποστάντες αὐτοῦ, καθάπερ ὁ πάππος ἡμῶν ὁ πρὸς αὐτῆς, ὃς ἰδὼν τὰ τοῦ βασιλέως κακῶς φερόμενα ἐν τῷ πρὸς Λεύκολλον πολέμῳ, καὶ ἅμα ἠλλοτριωμένος αὐτοῦ διʼ ὀργήν, ὅτι ἀνεψιὸν αὐτοῦ Τίβιον καὶ υἱὸν ἐκείνου Θεόφιλον ἐτύγχανεν ἀπεκτονὼς νεωστί, ὥρμησε τιμωρεῖν ἐκείνοις τε καὶ ἑαυτῷ, καὶ λαβὼν παρὰ τοῦ Λευκόλλου πίστεις ἀφίστησιν αὐτῷ πεντεκαίδεκα φρούρια· καὶ ἐπαγγελίαι μὲν ἐγένοντο ἀντὶ τούτων μεγάλαι, ἐπελθὼν δὲ Πομπήιος ὁ διαδεξάμενος τὸν πόλεμον πάντας τοὺς ἐκείνῳ τι χαρισαμένους ἐχθροὺς ὑπέλαβε διὰ τὴν γενομένην αὐτῷ πρὸς ἐκεῖνον ἀπέχθειαν, διαπολεμήσας δὲ καὶ ἐπανελθὼν οἴκαδε ἐξενίκησεν ὥστε τὰς τιμάς, ἃς ὑπέσχετο ὁ Λεύκολλος τῶν Ποντικῶν τισι, μὴ κυρῶσαι τὴν σύγκλητον· ἄδικον γὰρ εἶναι κατορθώσαντος ἑτέρου τὸν πόλεμον τὰ βραβεῖα ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ γενέσθαι καὶ τὴν τῶν ἀριστείων διανομήν.
Late indeed Moaphernes, our mother's uncle, came into prominence when the kingdom was already near its dissolution, and again both he himself and his friends shared in the king's misfortune, except if some succeeded in deserting him beforehand, just as did our maternal grandfather; who, seeing that the king's affairs were faring badly in the war against Lucullus, and at the same time being estranged from him out of anger because the king happened to have recently put to death his cousin Tibius and his son Theophilus, set out to avenge them and himself, and having received pledges from Lucullus, caused fifteen fortresses to revolt to him; and great promises were made in return for these things, but when Pompey, who succeeded to the command of the war, arrived, he treated all who had done any favor to Lucullus as enemies because of the enmity that had arisen between himself and Lucullus, and having finished the war and returned home, he carried his point so that the Senate did not ratify the honors which Lucullus had promised to some of the Pontic people; for he argued that it was unjust, when one person had successfully finished the war, that the rewards and the distribution of prizes should be in the hands of another.
§12.3.34ἐπὶ μὲν οὖν τῶν βασιλέων οὕτω τὰ Κόμανα διῳκεῖτο ὡς εἴρηται, παραλαβὼν δὲ Πομπήιος τὴν ἐξουσίαν Ἀρχέλαον ἐπέστησεν ἱερέα καὶ προσώρισεν αὐτῷ χώραν δίσχοινον κύκλῳ (τοῦτο δʼ ἔστιν ἑξήκοντα στάδιοι) πρὸς τῇ ἱερᾷ, προστάξας τοῖς ἐνοικοῦσι πειθαρχεῖν αὐτῷ· τούτων μὲν οὖν ἡγεμὼν ἦν καὶ τῶν τὴν πόλιν οἰκούντων ἱεροδούλων κύριος πλὴν τοῦ πιπράσκειν· ἦσαν δὲ οὐκ ἐλάττους οὐδʼ ἐνταῦθα τῶν ἑξακισχιλίων.
Under the kings, therefore, Comana was administered in the manner described, but when Pompey took authority, he appointed Archelaus priest and assigned to him, in addition to the sacred territory, a country of two schoeni (which is sixty stadia) in a circle, commanding the inhabitants to obey him; he was therefore the ruler of these people, and the master of the temple-slaves who inhabited the city, except for the right of selling them; and even here they were no fewer than six thousand.
ἦν δʼ οὗτος Ἀρχέλαος υἱὸς μὲν τοῦ ὑπὸ Σύλλα καὶ τῆς συγκλήτου τιμηθέντος, φίλος δὲ Γαβινίου τῶν ὑπατικῶν τινος.
This Archelaus was the son of the man honored by Sulla and the Senate, and a friend of Gabinius, one of the consulars.
ἐκείνου δὲ πεμφθέντος εἰς Συρίαν ἧκε καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι τοῦ κοινωνήσειν αὐτῷ παρασκευαζομένῳ πρὸς τὸν Παρθικὸν πόλεμον, οὐκ ἐπιτρεπούσης δὲ τῆς συγκλήτου ταύτην ἀφεὶς τὴν ἐλπίδα ἄλλην εὕρατο μείζω.
When the latter was sent to Syria, Archelaus also went there in the hope of sharing in his preparations for the Parthian war, but since the Senate did not permit it, he abandoned this hope and found another and greater one.
ἐτύγχανε γὰρ Πτολεμαῖος ὁ τῆς Κλεοπάτρας πατὴρ ὑπὸ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἐκβεβλημένος, θυγάτηρ δʼ αὐτοῦ κατεῖχε τὴν βασιλείαν, ἀδελφὴ πρεσβυτέρα τῆς Κλεοπάτρας· ταύτῃ ζητουμένου ἀνδρὸς βασιλικοῦ γένους ἐνεχείρισεν ἑαυτὸν τοῖς συμπράττουσι, προσποιησάμενος Μιθριδάτου τοῦ Εὐπάτορος υἱὸς, καὶ παραδεχθεὶς ἐβασίλευσεν ἓξ μῆνας.
For it happened that Ptolemy, the father of Cleopatra, had been expelled by the Egyptians, and his daughter, the elder sister of Cleopatra, held the kingdom; since a husband of royal lineage was being sought for her, he offered himself to those who were cooperating with her, pretending to be a son of Mithridates Eupator, and being received, he reigned for six months.
τοῦτον μὲν οὖν ὁ Γαβίνιος ἀνεῖλεν ἐν παρατάξει κατάγων τὸν Πτολεμαῖον.
However, Gabinius killed him in battle when restoring Ptolemy.