§11.2.17καὶ ἡ λοιπὴ δὲ Κολχὶς ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάττῃ ἡ πλείων ἐστί·
And the rest of Colchis is mostly on the sea.
διαρρεῖ δʼ αὐτὴν ὁ Φᾶσις, μέγας ποταμὸς ἐξ Ἀρμενίας τὰς ἀρχὰς ἔχων, δεχόμενος τόν τε Γλαῦκον καὶ τὸν Ἵππον ἐκ τῶν πλησίον ὀρῶν ἐκπίπτοντας·
It is flowed through by the Phasis, a great river having its sources in Armenia, receiving the Glaucus and the Hippus which fall from the neighboring mountains.
ἀναπλεῖται δὲ μέχρι Σαραπανῶν ἐρύματος δυναμένου δέξασθαι καὶ πόλεως συνοικισμόν, ὅθεν πεζεύουσιν ἐπὶ τὸν Κῦρον ἡμέραις τέτταρσι διʼ ἁμαξιτοῦ.
It is navigable up to the fortress of Sarapana, which is capable of receiving even the settlement of a city, from where people travel by foot to the Cyrus in four days by a carriage road.
ἐπίκειται δὲ τῷ Φάσιδι ὁμώνυμος πόλις, ἐμπόριον τῶν Κόλχων, τῇ μὲν προβεβλημένη τὸν ποταμὸν τῇ δὲ λίμνην τῇ δὲ τὴν θάλατταν.
On the Phasis lies a homonymous city, an emporium of the Colchians, being protected on one side by the river, on another by a lake, and on another by the sea.
ἐντεῦθεν δὲ πλοῦς ἐπʼ Ἀμισοῦ καὶ Σινώπης τριῶν ἡμερῶν ἢ δύο διὰ τὸ τοὺς αἰγιαλοὺς μαλακοὺς εἶναι καὶ τὰς τῶν ποταμῶν ἐκβολάς.
From there, the voyage to Amisus and Sinope is of two or three days, because the shores are soft and because of the river mouths.
ἀγαθὴ δʼ ἐστὶν ἡ χώρα καὶ καρποῖς πλὴν τοῦ μέλιτος (πικρίζει γὰρ τὸ πλέον) καὶ τοῖς πρὸς ναυπηγίαν πᾶσιν· ὕλην τε γὰρ καὶ φύει καὶ ποταμοῖς κατακομίζει, λίνον τε ποιεῖ πολὺ καὶ κάνναβιν καὶ κηρὸν καὶ πίτταν.
The country is good both in terms of crops, except for honey (for most of it is bitter), and in everything for shipbuilding; for it both produces timber and brings it down by rivers, and produces much flax, hemp, wax, and pitch.
ἡ δὲ λινουργία καὶ τεθρύληται· καὶ γὰρ εἰς τοὺς ἔξω τόπους ἐξεκόμιζον, καί τινες βουλόμενοι συγγένειάν τινα τοῖς Κόλχοις πρὸς τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ἐμφανίζειν ἀπὸ τούτων πιστοῦνται.
And its linen-working is even celebrated; for they used to export it to foreign places, and some, wishing to show some relationship of the Colchians to the Egyptians, confirm it from this.
ὑπέρκειται δὲ τῶν λεχθέντων ποταμῶν ἐν τῇ Μοσχικῇ τὸ τῆς Λευκοθέας ἱερὸν Φρίξου ἵδρυμα, καὶ μαντεῖον ἐκείνου, ὅπου κριὸς οὐ θύεται, πλούσιόν ποτε ὑπάρξαν, συληθὲν δὲ ὑπὸ Φαρνάκου καθʼ ἡμᾶς καὶ μικρὸν ὕστερον ὑπὸ Μιθριδάτου τοῦ Περγαμηνοῦ. κακωθείσης γὰρ χώρας
"
νοσεῖ τὰ τῶν θεῶν οὐδὲ τιμᾶσθαι θέλει,
"
φησὶν Εὐριπίδης.
Above the aforementioned rivers, in the Moschian country, lies the temple of Leucothea, founded by Phrixus, and his oracle, where a ram is not sacrificed. It was once rich, but was plundered by Pharnaces in our time, and a little later by Mithridates of Pergamum; for when a country is ruined, "the affairs of the gods are sick and do not wish to be honored," says Euripides.
§11.2.18τὸ μὲν γὰρ παλαιὸν ὅσην ἐπιφάνειαν ἔσχεν ἡ χώρα αὕτη δηλοῦσιν οἱ μῦθοι, τὴν Ἰάσονος στρατείαν αἰνιττόμενοι προελθόντος μέχρι καὶ Μηδίας, ἔτι δὲ πρότερον τὴν Φρίξου.
For the myths show how much renown this country had in ancient times, hinting at the expedition of Jason who advanced even as far as Media, and even earlier, that of Phrixus.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα διαδεξάμενοι βασιλεῖς εἰς σκηπτουχίας διῃρημένην ἔχοντες τὴν χώραν μέσως ἔπραττον· αὐξηθέντος δὲ ἐπὶ πολὺ Μιθριδάτου τοῦ Εὐπάτορος, εἰς ἐκεῖνον ἡ χώρα περιέστη· ἐπέμπετο δʼ ἀεί τις τῶν φίλων ὕπαρχος καὶ διοικητὴς τῆς χώρας.
After this, succeeding kings, having the country divided into sceptruchies, fared moderately; but when Mithridates Eupator grew greatly in power, the country fell to him, and always one of his friends was sent as governor and administrator of the country.
τούτων δὲ ἦν καὶ Μοαφέρνης, ὁ τῆς μητρὸς ἡμῶν θεῖος πρὸς πατρός· ἦν δʼ ἔνθεν ἡ πλείστη τῷ βασιλεῖ πρὸς τὰς ναυτικὰς δυνάμεις ὑπουργία.
Among these was also Moaphernes, the paternal uncle of my mother; and from here came the greatest assistance to the king for his naval forces.
καταλυθέντος δὲ Μιθριδάτου συγκατελύθη καὶ ἡ ὑπʼ αὐτῷ πᾶσα καὶ διενεμήθη πολλοῖς· ὕστατα δὲ Πολέμων ἔσχε τὴν Κολχίδα, κἀκείνου τελευτήσαντος ἡ γυνὴ Πυθοδωρὶς κρατεῖ, βασιλεύουσα καὶ Κόλχων καὶ Τραπεζοῦντος καὶ Φαρνακίας καὶ τῶν ὑπερκειμένων βαρβάρων, περὶ ὧν ἐροῦμεν ἐν τοῖς ὕστερον.
When Mithridates was overthrown, all the territory under him was also dissolved and distributed among many; and finally Polemon held Colchis, and when he died, his wife Pythodoris rules, governing both the Colchians and Trapezus and Pharnacia and the barbarians lying above them, about whom we shall speak later.
ἡ δʼ οὖν Μοσχική, ἐν ᾗ τὸ ἱερόν, τριμερής ἐστι· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἔχουσιν αὐτῆς Κόλχοι τὸ δὲ Ἴβηρες τὸ δὲ Ἀρμένιοι.
At all events, the Moschian country, in which the temple is, is divided into three parts; for the Colchians hold one part of it, the Iberians another, and the Armenians another.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ πολίχνιον ἐν τῇ Ἰβηρίᾳ Φρίξου πόλις ἡ νῦν Ἰδήεσσα, εὐερκὲς χωρίον ἐν μεθορίοις τῆς Κολχίδος.
And there is also a small town in Iberia, the City of Phrixus, which is now Ideëssa, a well-fortified place on the borders of Colchis.
§11.2.19τῶν δὲ συνερχομένων ἐθνῶν εἰς τὴν Διοσκουριάδα καὶ οἱ Φθειροφάγοι εἰσίν, ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐχμοῦ καὶ τοῦ πίνου λαβόντες τοὔνομα.
Among the tribes assembling at Dioscurias are also the Phtheirophagi, who received their name from their dirt and filth.
πλησίον δὲ καὶ οἱ Σοάνες, οὐδὲν βελτίους τούτων τῷ πίνῳ δυνάμει δὲ βελτίους, σχεδὸν δέ τι καὶ κράτιστοι κατὰ ἀλκὴν καὶ δύναμιν· δυναστεύουσι γοῦν τῶν κύκλῳ τὰ ἄκρα τοῦ Καυκάσου κατέχοντες τὰ ὑπὲρ τῆς Διοσκουριάδος·
And nearby are also the Soanes, who are in no way better than these in respect of filth, but superior in power, and are indeed almost the strongest in courage and power; at any rate, they dominate the surrounding peoples, occupying the heights of the Caucasus above Dioscurias.
βασιλέα δʼ ἔχουσι καὶ συνέδριον ἀνδρῶν τριακοσίων, συνάγουσι δʼ ὥς φασι στρατιὰν καὶ εἴκοσι μυριάδων· ἅπαν γάρ ἐστι τὸ πλῆθος μάχιμον, οὐ συντεταγμένον.
They have a king and a council of three hundred men, and they assemble, as they say, an army of even two hundred thousand; for their entire multitude is warlike, though not organized.
παρὰ τούτοις δὲ λέγεται καὶ χρυσὸν καταφέρειν τοὺς χειμάρρους, ὑποδέχεσθαι δʼ αὐτὸν τοὺς βαρβάρους φάτναις κατατετρημέναις καὶ μαλλωταῖς δοραῖς· ἀφʼ οὗ δὴ μεμυθεῦσθαι καὶ τὸ χρυσόμαλλον δέρος· εἰ μὴ καὶ Ἴβηρας ὁμωνύμως τοῖς ἑσπερίοις καλοῦσιν ἀπὸ τῶν ἑκατέρωθι χρυσείων.
And among them, it is said that the torrents bring down gold, and that the barbarians receive it in perforated troughs and fleecy skins, from which, indeed, the myth of the golden-fleeced ram was created; unless they also call them Iberians, homonymously with the western Iberians, because of the gold mines in both places.
χρῶνται δʼ οἱ Σοάνες φαρμάκοις πρὸς τὰς ἀκίδας θαυμαστοῖς καὶ τοὺς ἀφαρμάκτοις τετρωμένους βέλεσι λυπεῖ κατὰ τὴν ὀσμήν.
The Soanes use amazing poisons for their arrowheads, and even those wounded by unpoisoned weapons are distressed by the smell.
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἄλλα ἔθνη τὰ πλησίον τὰ περὶ τὸν Καύκασον λυπρὰ καὶ μικρόχωρα, τὸ δὲ τῶν Ἀλβανῶν ἔθνος καὶ τὸ τῶν Ἰβήρων, ἃ δὴ πληροῖ μάλιστα τὸν λεχθέντα ἰσθμόν, Καυκάσια καὶ αὐτὰ λέγοιτʼ ἄν, εὐδαίμονα δὲ χώραν ἔχει καὶ σφόδρα καλῶς οἰκεῖσθαι δυναμένην.
Now the other neighboring tribes around the Caucasus are poor and occupy small territories, but the tribe of the Albanians and that of the Iberians, which indeed mostly fill the aforementioned isthmus, might themselves also be called Caucasian, and they possess a fertile country which is capable of being very well inhabited.