§15Ὅτι δὲ διὰ καχεξίαν τινὰ καὶ ἡ τῶν τοιούτων ἔκκρισις φανερὸν ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων· οὐ γὰρ ὅτι ταῦτα πόνου προσδεῖται καὶ τῆς ἔξωθεν κινήσεως ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν αὐτῶν διωθεῖται ὑπὸ τῶν κρατούντων· συμβαίνει γὰρ τὰ μὲν τῇ ὥρᾳ κρινόμενα τὰ δὲ τῇ κινήσει καὶ τῇ ἐκ ταύτης θερμότητι ποιεῖσθαι τὴν ἔκκρισιν, τὰ δʼ ἤδη διὰ πλῆθος ἀπέπτων ἢ τοῦ αἰτίου γέ τι χυλοῦ καθʼ ἕκαστον.
That the secretion of such things is also due to some cachexia is clear from what has been said; for it is not that these things require exertion and external movement, but some of them are pushed out by the dominating forces; for it happens that some make their secretion determined by the season, others by movement and the heat arising from it, and others already due to the abundance of undigested things or at least due to some juice causing it in each case.
Ὅτι δὲ κινήσεις καὶ οἱ πόνοι ποιοῦσιν ἐνίοις τὰ τοιαῦτα φανερὸν καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἐνοδίων καλουμένων, ἃ γίνεται πολλοῖς ὅταν εἰς ὁδὸν ἐμπέσωσι, μάλιστα μὲν ἐπὶ τοὺς μηροὺς ὁτὲ δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ πλεῖον· ἔστι δὲ οἷς καὶ αἱ κνῆμαι παραπίμπρανται.
That movements and exertions cause such things in some people is also clear from the so-called "enodioi," which happen to many when they embark on a journey, especially on the thighs, and sometimes even further; and there are some whose shins also swell up.
§16Πρὸς ἅπαντα δὲ τοιαῦτα συμφέρει τὸ μὴ ἐρεθίζειν μηδὲ κινεῖν ἀλλʼ ἐᾶν ἀποκαταστῆναι· συνεκκαλεῖσθαι γάρ ἐστι κινοῦντα τὴν ὁρμὴν, ὅπερ καὶ πρὸς τὰ ἐξαιρόμενα συμβαίνει.
For all such things, it is beneficial not to irritate or move them, but to allow them to restore; for to move them is to summon forth the impulse, which is what also happens to things that are rising.
Πολλάκις γὰρ διὰ τὴν ἁλμυρίδα τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱδρῶτος γινομένην ἐρεθισμῷ τινὶ κνησμώδει καὶ ἐπάρσεις τινὲς ἰονθώδεις γίνονται πρὸς ἃς οὐ συμφέρει τὸ κινεῖν οὔτε * ταύτῃ ποιούμενον τὴν ἔκκρισιν οὔτε δριμύτητι χυλῶν οἷον ὀξεῖ καὶ στρυφνῷ καὶ ἁλυκῷ κατέχειν πειρώμενον οὐδὲ θερμολουσίᾳ ἢ ψυχρολουσίᾳ χρώμενον ἀλλὰ πυριάσει χλιαρῇ μὴ πολλῇ.
For often, because of the saltiness arising from sweat, certain pimple-like swellings occur due to a certain itchy irritation, for which it is not beneficial to move, nor to try to restrain either the secretion occurring in this way or by the sharpness of juices such as acid, astringent, and salty, nor by using hot or cold baths, but rather by a mild and moderate vapor-bath.
Καθίστησι γὰρ αὕτη μάλιστα τἆλλα δὲ ἐρεθίζει καὶ κινεῖ.
For this especially settles them, whereas the others irritate and move them.
§17Ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ὥσπερ εἴρηται διὰ καχεξίαν καὶ διʼ ὑπερβολὴν ἐνίοτε πόνων γίνεται· καὶ γὰρ ἐνταῦθα συμμετρία τίς ἐστι τῆς ἐκκρίσεως ὥσπερ καὶ κατὰ τοὺς ἄλλους πόνους.
These things, then, as has been said, occur because of cachexia and sometimes because of an excess of exertions; for here too there is a certain proportion of secretion, just as in the case of other exertions.
Οἱ δʼ ἄγαν ἐνδιδόντες ἑαυτοὺς ὥσπερ συντήκουσι τοῦτο ποιοῦσιν, ὡς Ἀντιφάνης ὁ Δήλιος καὶ Ὑριάδας.
But those who give themselves up excessively to them do this as if wasting away, like Antiphanes of Delos and Hyriadas.
§18Διὰ τί δʼ οἱ παῖδες δυσιδρῶτες τῶν ἀνδρῶν μᾶλλον καὶ μάλιστα δὴ τὰ παιδία καίπερ θερμὰ τὴν φύσιν ὄντα καὶ ὑγρὰ καὶ τοῦ ἱδρῶτος ἐκ τούτων πως γινομένου τήνδε τὴν αἰτίαν ὑποληπτέον, ὅτι πυκνὸς ὁ χρὼς τῶν παίδων, πυκνότατος δʼ ὁ τῶν παιδίων, ὥσπερ συγκεκλειμένους ἔχων τοὺς πόρους.
But why is it that boys are less prone to sweat than men, and especially young children, although they are by nature warm and moist, and sweat somehow arises from these? This cause must be assumed: that the skin of boys is dense, and that of young children is densest, having their pores as if locked up.
§19Ἔτι δὲ ἡ θερμότης ἐπικρατοῦσα πέττει διὰ τὴν αὔξησιν· ἐὰν δέ τι καὶ γίνηται περίττωμα τοῦτο ἐκκρίνεται κατὰ κοιλίαν· εὔρους γὰρ καὶ ὡς ἐπίπαν ὑγροτέρα ἡ τῶν παιδίων, οἱ δὲ γέροντες μανόχροοι μὲν, ἀλλὰ ξηροί.
And furthermore, the heat being dominant digests for the sake of growth; and if any residue does arise, this is secreted through the stomach; for that of young children is free-flowing and generally moister, whereas old men have porous skin, but are dry.
Δεῖ δὲ τῷ ἱδρῶτι καθάπερ ὕλην τινὰ ὑπάρχειν τὸ ὑγρόν· ἄλλως τε καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ εὔπνουν καὶ μανὸν ἱκανὴν ποιεῖ τὴν ἔκκρισιν ἀεί τε συνεχὲς ὂν καὶ μὴ πολλῶν ἐνυπαρχόντων τῶν ὑγρῶν.
But there must be moisture present for sweat, as a kind of matter; and besides, this very quality of being well-ventilated and porous makes the secretion sufficient, since it is always continuous and there is not much moisture inherent within.
Ὥστε πλείων ἡ ξηρότης καὶ τὸ μὴ εὔϊδρον· ἢ γὰρ κατʼ ἄλλον τρόπον ἀπέρασις ἢ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν, ἑκατέρα δὲ κωλύει τοὺς ἱδρῶτας.
Thus, dryness is greater, as well as the difficulty in sweating; for either the passage is by another way or by the same, but each prevents sweats.
§20Διὰ τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ὧν αἱ κοιλίαι ὑγραὶ καὶ οἵς εἰς κύστιν ἡ ἐπίρροια πλείων δυσίδρωτες ὅτι πᾶν τὸ ὑγρὸν ἐνταῦθʼ ὥρμηκεν· οἷς δὲ πάλιν ἐπίσχεται τὸ τῆς κοιλίας καὶ κύστεως οὗτοι δὲ εὐΐδρωτες μᾶλλον.
For this reason also, those whose stomachs are moist and those in whom the flow to the bladder is greater are less prone to sweat, because all the moisture has rushed there; but on the other hand, those in whom the action of the stomach and bladder is retained are more prone to sweat.
Ἡ γὰρ ἐνταῦθα μεριζομένη περίττωσις ἀναφέρεται πρὸς τὰς σάρκας καὶ εἰς τοὺς ἄνω τόπους· ἐπεὶ καὶ ἀπέπτων τῶν σιτίων ὄντων καὶ ἀγρυπνήσαντες εὐΐδρωτες μᾶλλον, ὅτι συμβαίνει τὴν πέψιν διαμερίζειν τὴν ὑγρότητα καὶ τὸν ὕπνον ἐκπέττειν· ἐκ ξηροῦ δʼ οὐκ ἔστιν ἱδρώς.
For the residue distributed there is carried up to the flesh and to the upper parts; since even when food is undigested and when people have stayed awake, they are more prone to sweat, because it happens that digestion distributes the moisture, and sleep digests it; and from what is dry there is no sweat.
§21Ἄτοπον δʼ ἂν ἐκεῖνο δόξειε καὶ ὥσπερ ὑπεναντίον εἰ οἱ γυμναζόμενοι καὶ εὖ ἔχοντες εὐΐδρωτες καὶ πάλιν οἱ ἀγύμναστοι καὶ κακῶς ἔχοντες καὶ οἱ πεπεμμένην τε καὶ οἱ ἄπεπτον ἔχοντες τὴν τροφήν.
But that might seem strange and, as it were, contradictory, if those who exercise and are in good condition are prone to sweat, and again those who are unexercised and in bad condition, and both those who have digested and those who have undigested food.
Οὐκ ἔστι δʼ ἄτοπον· οἱ γὰρ γεγυμνασμένοι τῷ μανὰ τὰ σώματα καὶ ἀνεῳγμένους ἔχειν τοὺς πόρους, ἔτι δὲ τῷ συνήῥͅ θεις εἶναι πρὸς τοὺς ἱδρῶτας εὐΐδρωτες.
But it is not strange; for those who are exercised are prone to sweat because they have porous bodies and open pores, and further because they are accustomed to sweats.