§A.15_col2## ἡ ἀνομία.
## Lawlessness.
διαιρεῖται ἡ ἀνομία εἰς τρία· ἔστι γὰρ αὐτῆς ἓν μὲν νόμοις φαύλοις καὶ μετρίοις κεχρῆσθαι, ἓν δὲ τὸ μὴ πείθεσθαι τοῖς κειμένοις, ἂν ὦσι σπουδαῖοι, ἓν δὲ τὸ φαύλοις ἔθεσι πολιτεύεσθαι, ἐὰν μὴ ὦσι νόμοι τὸ σύνολον.
Lawlessness is divided into three: for of it, one is to make use of bad and mediocre laws, another is not to obey the established laws if they are excellent, and another is to conduct public affairs according to bad customs if there are no laws at all.
§A.27_col1## τὰ ἐναντία.
## Opposites.
τὰ ἐναντία διαιρεῖται εἰς τρία.
Opposites are divided into three.
οἷον ἀγαθὰ κακοῖς ἐναντία φαμὲν εἶναι, ὡς τὴν δικαιοσύνην τῇ ἀδικίᾳ καὶ τὴν φρόνησιν τῇ ἀφροσύνῃ καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα.
For example, we say that goods are opposite to evils, as justice is to injustice, and wisdom to folly, and suchlike.
κακὰ δὲ κακοῖς ἐναντία ἐστίν, οἷον ἡ ἀσωτία τῇ ἀνελευθερίᾳ καὶ τὸ ἀδίκως στρεβλοῦσθαι τῷ δικαίως στρεβλοῦσθαι· καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα κακὰ κακοῖς ἐναντία ἐστίν.
And evils are opposite to evils, such as extravagance to illiberality, and being unjustly tortured to being justly tortured; and suchlike evils are opposite to evils.
τὸ δὲ βαρὺ τῷ κούφῳ καὶ τὸ ταχὺ τῷ βραδεῖ καὶ τὸ μέλαν τῷ λευκῷ ὡς οὐδέτερα οὐδετέροις ἐναντία ἐστί.
And the heavy to the light, and the swift to the slow, and the black to the white are opposite as neithers to neithers.
τῶν ἐναντίων ἄρα τὰ μὲν ὡς ἀγαθὰ κακοῖς ἐναντία ἐστί· τὰ δὲ ὡς κακὰ κακοῖς· τὰ δὲ ὡς οὐδετέροις οὐδέτερα.
Therefore, of opposites, some are opposite as goods to evils, some as evils to evils, and some as neithers to neithers.
§A.23_col2## τὰ ἐναντία.
## Opposites.
διαιρεῖται τὰ ἐναντία εἰς τρία. ἔστι γὰρ αὐτῶν τὸ μὲν ὡς ἀγαθὸν κακῷ, οἷον ὑγεία νόσῳ καὶ κάλλος αἴσχει καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα, τὸ δὲ ὡς οὐδέτερον οὐδετέρῳ, οἷον λευκότης μελανότητι καὶ κουφότης βαρύτητι καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα, τὸ δὲ ὡς φευκτὸν φευκτῷ, οἷον ἀσωτία ἀνελευθερίᾳ καὶ θερμότης ψυχρότητι καὶ ἰσχνότης παχύτητι καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα.
Opposites are divided into three: for of them, one is as a good to a bad, such as health to disease, beauty to ugliness, and suchlike; another is as a neither to a neither, such as whiteness to blackness, lightness to heaviness, and suchlike; and another is as an avoidable to an avoidable, such as extravagance to illiberality, hotness to coldness, thinness to thickness, and suchlike.
§A.28_col1## τὰ ἀγαθά.
## Goods.
τῶν ἀγαθῶν γένη ἐστὶ τρία. τὰ μὲν γάρ ἐστιν ἑκτά, τὰ δὲ μεθεκτά, τὰ δὲ ὑπαρκτά.
Of goods, there are three genera: for some are possessable, some are shareable, and some are subsistent.
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἑκτά ἐστιν, ὅσα ἐνδέχεται ἔχειν, οἷον ἡ δικαιοσύνη καὶ ἡ ὑγίεια.
Now, the possessable are those which it is possible to have, such as justice and health.
μεθεκτὰ δέ, ὅσα ἔχειν μὲν μὴ ἐνδέχεται, μετασχεῖν δὲ αὐτῶν ἐνδέχεται· οἷον αὐτὸ τὸ ἀγαθὸν ἔχειν μὲν οὐκ ἐνδέχεται, μετασχεῖν δὲ αὐτοῦ ἐνδέχεται.
The shareable are those which it is not possible to have, but it is possible to participate in them; for example, it is not possible to have the good itself, but it is possible to participate in it.
ὑπαρκτὰ δέ, ὅσα μήτε μετασχεῖν μήτε ἔχειν ἐνδέχεται, ὑπάρχειν δὲ δεῖ· οἷον τὸ σπουδαῖον εἶναι 〈καὶ〉 τὸ δίκαιον εἶναι ἀγαθόν ἐστι.
And the subsistent are those which it is possible neither to participate in nor to have, but which must exist; for example, being excellent and being just is a good.
καὶ ταῦτα οὔτε ἔχειν οὔτε μετασχεῖν ἔστιν, ἀλλ’ ὑπάρχειν δεῖ σπουδαῖον εἶναι καὶ δίκαιον εἶναι. | τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἄρα τὰ μέν ἐστιν ἑκτά, τὰ δὲ μεθεκτά, τὰ δὲ ὑπαρκτά.
And these things are possible neither to have nor to participate in, but being excellent and being just must exist. | Therefore, of goods, some are possessable, some are shareable, and some are subsistent.
§A.29_col1## ἡ συμβουλία.
## Counsel.
ἡ συμβουλία διαιρεῖται εἰς τρία. ἔστι γὰρ αὐτῆς ἓν μὲν ἐκ τῶν παροιχομένων χρόνων λαμβανόμενον, ἓν δὲ ἐκ τῶν μελλόντων, ἓν δὲ ἐκ τῶν ἐνεστώτων.
Counsel is divided into three: for of it, one is taken from past times, one from future times, and one from present times.
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἐκ τῶν παροιχομένων παραδείγματα, οἷον τί ἔπαθον Λακεδαιμόνιοι πιστεύσαντες.
Now, those from past times are examples, such as what the Lacedaemonians suffered because they trusted.
τὰ δὲ ἐκ τῶν παρόντων, οἷον ἀποφαίνειν τείχη ἀσθενῆ, δειλοὺς ἀνθρώπους, σῖτον ὀλίγον.
Those from present times are, for example, pointing out that the walls are weak, the men cowardly, the food scarce.
τὰ δὲ ἐκ τῶν μελλόντῶν, οἷον ταῖς ὑπονοίαις μὴ ἀδικεῖν τὰς πρεσβείας, ὅπως μὴ ἄδοξος ἡ Ἑλλὰς γένηται.
Those from future times are, for example, not to wrong embassies based on suspicions, so that Greece may not fall into disrepute.
τῆς ἄρα συμβουλίας τὰ μέν ἐστιν ἐκ τῶν παροιχομένων, τὰ δὲ ἐκ τῶν παρόντων, τὰ δὲ ἐκ τῶν μελλόντων.
Therefore, of counsel, some are from past times, some from present times, and some from future times.
§A.18_col2## ἡ συμβουλία.
## Counsel.
διαιρεῖται ἡ συμβουλία εἰς τρία. ἔστι γὰρ αὐτῆς ἓν μὲν ἐκ τῶν παρῳχημένων, ἓν δὲ ἐκ τῶν παρόντων, ἓν δὲ ἐκ τῶν μελλόντων.
Counsel is divided into three: for of it, one is from the past, one from the present, and one from the future.
τὸ μὲν οὖν ἐκ τῶν παρῳχημένων ἐστίν, οἷον τὰ παραδείγματα 〈ἐμφανίζουσιν〉, ὅτι
καὶ πρότερον ἡμῶν ἀπειθήσαντες ἀνηκέστοις κακοῖς περιέπεσαν
. τὸ δὲ ἐκ τῶν παρόντων, οἷον τὰ παρόντα πράγματα ἐμφανίζουσιν, ὅτι
ἐὰν τὰ τείχη ἡμῶν ἀκατασκεύαστα ὦσι καὶ ἡμεῖς ἄοπλοι ὦμεν, οἱ δὲ πολέμιοι ἅπασι τούτοις κατεσκευασμένοι, σκοπῶμεν δὴ ὅπως πολεμεῖν δυνησόμεθα
. τὸ δὲ ἐκ τῶν μελλόντων, οἷον τὰ ἀποβησόμενα ἐμφανίζοντας, ὅτι
ὁρᾶτε μή, ἐὰν ἐπιπλευσάντων πολεμίων ἥ τε χώρα ἀπόληται ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ σώματα τὰ πολλὰ μάτην διαφθαρῇ, καὶ ὑμεῖς μὴ οὐδὲν ἧττον ἀναγκασθῆτε ταῦτα πράττειν, ἃ νῦν ἐστιν ὑμῖν καὶ ἀκινδύνως πράττειν
.
Now, that from the past is, for example, as examples show: 'that previously too, because they disobeyed us, they fell into irremediable evils.' That from the present is, for example, as present circumstances show: 'if our walls are uncompleted and we are unarmed, while the enemies are equipped with all these things, let us indeed consider how we shall be able to fight.' That from the future is, for example, as those showing the outcomes show: 'see to it lest, if the enemies sail against us, your land perish and many lives be vainly destroyed, and you be forced nonetheless to do those things which it is now possible for you to do even without danger.'