§1.16.1ἐπεὶ δὲ τὸ ἑκούστον ἐν οὐδεμιᾷ ὁρμῇ ἐστίν, λοιπὸν ἂν εἴη τὸ ἐκ διανοίας γιγνόμενον.
Since the voluntary does not consist in any impulse, what remains would be that which comes about from thought.
τὸ γὰρ ἀκούσιόν ἐστι τό τε κατʼ ἀνάγκην καὶ κατὰ βίαν γιγνόμενον, καὶ τρίτον ὃ μὴ μετὰ διανοίας γίγνεται.
For the involuntary is that which comes about both by necessity and by force, and thirdly, that which does not come about with thought.
δῆλον δʼ ἐστὶ τοῦτο ἐκ τῶν γιγνομένων.
This is clear from actual occurrences.
ὅταν γάρ τις πατάξῃ τινὰ ἢ ἀποκτείνῃ ἢ τι τῶν τοιούτων ποιήσῃ μηδὲν προδιανοηθείς, ἄκοντά φαμεν ποιῆσαι, ὡς τοῦ ἑκουσίου ὄντος ἐν τῷ διανοηθῆναι.
For whenever someone strikes or kills another, or does anything of that sort, without any prior thought, we say that he did it involuntarily, on the ground that the voluntary consists in having thought.
§1.16.2οἷόν φασί ποτέ τινα γυναῖκα φίλτρον τινὶ δοῦναι πιεῖν, εἶτα τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἀποθανεῖν ὑπὸ τοῦ φίλτρου, τὴν δʼ ἄνθρωπον ἐν Ἀρείῳ πάγῳ ἀποφυγεῖν·
For instance, they say that once a certain woman gave a man a love potion to drink, and then the man died from the potion, but the woman was acquitted at the Areopagus.
οὗ παροῦσαν διʼ οὐθὲν ἄλλο ἀπέλυσαν ἢ διότι οὐκ ἐκ προνοίας.
When she was present there, they released her for no other reason than because it was not from forethought.
ἔδωκε μὲν γὰρ φιλίᾳ, διήμαρτεν δὲ τούτου· διὸ οὐχ ἑκούσιον ἐδόκει εἶναι, ὅτι τὴν δόσιν τοῦ φίλτρου οὐ μετὰ διανοίας τοῦ ἀπρλέσθαι αὐτὸν ἐδίδου.
For she gave it out of affection, but she missed this mark; and therefore it was not thought to be voluntary, because she did not give the potion with the thought of his perishing.
ἐνταῦθα ἄρα τὸ ἑκούσιον πίπτει εἰς τὸ μετὰ διανοίας.
Here, then, the voluntary falls under that which is accompanied by thought.