§5.22#2Βλίττεται δὲ τὰ σμήνη, ὅταν ἐρινεὸν σῦκον φανῇ· σχάδονας δ’ ἀρίστας ποιοῦσιν, ὅταν μέλι ἐργάζωνται.
The hives are harvested of honey when the wild fig appears; and they make the best larval cells when they are working the honey.
Φέρει δὲ κηρὸν μὲν καὶ ἐριθάκην περὶ τοῖς σκέλεσι, τὸ δὲ μέλι ἐμεῖ εἰς τὸν κύτταρον.
The bee carries wax and bee-bread around its legs, but vomits the honey into the cell.
Τὸν δὲ γόνον ὅταν ἀφῇ, ἐπῳάζει ὥσπερ ὄρνις.
And when it has deposited the offspring, it broods over them like a bird.
Ἐν δὲ τῷ κηρίῳ τὸ σκωλήκιον μικρὸν μὲν ὂν κεῖται πλάγιον, ὕστερον δ’ ἀνίσταται αὐτὸ ὑφ’ ἑαυτοῦ καὶ τρέφεται, πρὸς δὲ τῷ κηρίῳ ἔχεται ὥστε καὶ ἀντειλῆφθαι.
In the comb, the small larva lies on its side, but later it rises up of its own accord and is nourished, and it clings to the comb so as to be fast held.
Ὁ δὲ γόνος ἐστὶ τῶν μελιττῶν καὶ τῶν κηφήνων λευκός, ἐξ οὗ τὰ σκωλήκια γίνεται· αὐξανόμενα δὲ γίνονται μέλιτται καὶ κηφῆνες.
The offspring of the bees and the drones is white, from which the larvae are produced; and as they grow, they become bees and drones.
Ὁ δὲ τῶν βασιλέων γόνος τὴν χρόαν γίνεται ὑπόπυρρος, τὴν δὲ λεπτότητά ἐστιν οἷον μέλι παχύ· τὸν δ’ ὄγκον εὐθέως ἔχει παραπλήσιον τῷ γιγνομένῳ ἐξ αὐτοῦ.
But the offspring of the leaders becomes reddish in color, and in its consistency it is like thick honey; and from the start it has a size almost equal to the one that is produced from it.
Σκώληξ δ’ οὐ γίνεται πρότερον ἐκ τούτου, ἀλλ’ εὐθέως ἡ μέλιττα, ὡς φασίν.
A larva does not first arise from this, but immediately the bee, as they say.
Ὅταν δὲ τέκῃ ἐν τῷ κηρίῳ, μέλι ἐκ τοῦ ἀπαντικρὺ γίνεται.
When it has laid in the comb, honey is produced from the opposite side.
Φύει δ’ ἡ σχάδων πόδας καὶ πτερά, ὅταν καταλειφθῇ· ὅταν δὲ λάβῃ τέλος, τὸν ὑμένα περιρρήξας ἐκπέταται.
The larval cell grows legs and wings when it is left behind; and when it reaches completion, it tears the membrane and flies away.
Κόπρον δὲ προΐεται, ἕως ἂν ᾖ σκωλήκιον, ὕστερον δ’ οὐκέτι, πλὴν ἐὰν μὴ ἐξέλθῃ, ὥσπερ ἐλέχθη πρότερον.
It voids excrement as long as it is a larva, but later no longer, except if it does not emerge, as was said before.
Ἐὰν δέ τις ἀφέλῃ τὰς κεφαλὰς τῆς σχάδονος πρὶν πτερὰ ἔχειν, ἐξεσθίουσιν αὐτὰ αἱ μέλιτται· καὶ κηφῆνος πτερὸν ἂν ἀποκνίσας ἀφῇ τις, τῶν λοιπῶν αὐταὶ τὰ πτερὰ ἀπεσθίουσιν.
And if someone cuts off the heads of the larval cell before they have wings, the bees eat them up; and if someone pinches off the wing of a drone and releases it, they eat off the wings of the remaining ones.
Βίος δὲ τῶν μελιττῶν ἔτη ἕξ· ἔνιαι δ’ ἑπτὰ ζῶσιν.
The life of bees is six years; but some live seven.
Σμῆνος δ’ ἂν διαμείνῃ ἔτη ἐννέα ἢ δέκα, εὖ δοκεῖ διαγεγενῆσθαι.
And if a hive lasts nine or ten years, it is thought to have survived well.
Ἐν δὲ τῷ Πόντῳ εἰσί τινες μέλιτται λευκαὶ σφόδρα, αἳ τὸ μέλι ποιοῦσι δὶς τοῦ μηνός.
In Pontus there are some very white bees, which make honey twice a month.
Αἱ δ’ ἐν Θεμισκύρᾳ περὶ τὸν Θερμώδοντα ποταμὸν ἐν τῇ γῇ καὶ ἐν τοῖς σμήνεσι ποιοῦνται κηρία οὐκ ἔχοντα κηρὸν πολὺν ἀλλὰ πάνυ σμικρόν, μέλι δὲ παχύ· τὸ δὲ κηρίον λεῖον καὶ ὁμαλόν ἐστιν.
And those in Themiscyra near the river Thermodon make combs in the ground and in the hives, which do not have much wax but very little, and thick honey; and the comb is smooth and flat.
Οὐκ ἀεὶ δὲ τοῦτο ποιοῦσιν, ἀλλὰ τοῦ χειμῶνος· ὁ γὰρ κιττὸς πολὺς ἐν τῷ τόπῳ ἐστίν, ἀνθεῖ δὲ ταύτην τὴν ὥραν, ἀφ’ οὗ φέρουσι τὸ μέλι.
They do not always make this, but in the winter; for ivy is abundant in the place, and it flowers at this season, from which they bring the honey.
Κατάγεται δὲ καὶ εἰς Ἀμισὸν μέλι ἄνωθεν λευκὸν καὶ παχὺ σφόδρα, ὃ ποιοῦσιν αἱ μέλιτται ἄνευ κηρίων πρὸς τοῖς δένδρεσιν· γίνεται δὲ καὶ ἄλλοθι τοιοῦτον ἐν τῷ Πόντῳ.
Honey is also brought down to Amisus from the interior, very white and thick, which the bees make without combs on the trees; and such is also produced elsewhere in Pontus.
Εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ μέλιτται αἳ ποιοῦσι κηρία τριπλᾶ ἐν τῇ γῇ· ταῦτα δὲ μέλι μὲν ἴσχει, σκώληκας δ’ οὐκ ἴσχει.
There are also bees which make triple combs in the ground; and these contain honey, but do not contain larvae.
Ἔστι δ’ οὔτε τὰ κηρία πάντα τοιαῦτα, οὔτε πᾶσαι αἱ μέλιτται τοιαῦτα ποιοῦσιν.
But neither are all combs of this kind, nor do all bees make such.