§5.24Ἐν ὅσοις δ᾽ ὑπάρχει τῶν φυτῶν ἓν χρῶμα μόνον, οἷον τὸ λευκὸν ἢ τὸ μέλαν ἢ τὸ φοινικοῦν ἢ τὸ ἁλουργές, τούτων δὲ πάντων οἱ καρποὶ διαμένουσιν ἀεὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχοντες τοῦ χρώματος φύσιν, ὅταν ἅπαξ ἐκ τοῦ ποώδους εἰς ἄλλην χρόαν μεταβάλλωσιν.
But in those plants in which only one color exists, such as white, black, crimson, or sea-purple, the fruits of all of these always remain having the same nature of color, once they change from the herbaceous to another color.
§5.25Τὰ δ᾽ ἄνθη τοῖς καρποῖς ἐπ᾽ ἐνίων μὲν ὁμόχροα συμβαίνει γίνεσθαι, καθάπερ ἔχει καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς ῥοιᾶς· καὶ γὰρ ὁ καρπὸς αὐτῆς γίνεται φοινικιοῦς καὶ τὸ ἄνθος·
In some plants, the flowers happen to be of the same color as the fruits, just as it is also in the case of the pomegranate; for indeed both its fruit and its flower become crimson.
ἐπ᾽ ἐνίων δὲ πολὺ τῷ χρώματι διαφέρει, οἷον ἐπί τε τῆς δάφνης καὶ τοῦ κιττοῦ· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἄνθος ἐστὶν αὐτῶν ἁπάντων ξανθόν, ὁ δὲ καρπὸς τῶν μὲν μέλας τῶν δὲ φοινικιοῦς.
But in others they differ greatly in color, as for instance in the case of the laurel and the ivy; for the flower of all of these is yellow, but the fruit of some is black and of others crimson.
§5.26Ὁμοίως δ᾽ ἔχει καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς μηλέας· καὶ γὰρ ταύτης τὸ μὲν ἄνθος ἐστὶ λευκὸν ἐπιπορφυρίζον, ὁ δὲ καρπὸς ξανθός.
And it is similar also in the case of the apple tree; for indeed the flower of this is white tinged with purple, but the fruit is yellow.
Τῆς δὲ μήκωνος τὸ μὲν ἄνθος φοινικιοῦν, ὁ δὲ καρπὸς ὁ μὲν μέλας ὁ δὲ λευκός, παρὰ τὸ καὶ τὰς πέψεις τῶν ἐνυπαρχόντων ἐν αὐτοῖς χυλῶν κατ᾽ ἄλλους γίνεσθαι χρόνους.
And the flower of the poppy is crimson, but the fruit is partly black and partly white, because the ripenings of the juices existing in them also take place at different times.
§5.27Ῥᾴδιον δὲ τοῦτο ἐκ πολλῶν συνιδεῖν· καὶ γὰρ τῶν καρπῶν ἔνιοι, καθάπερ εἴρηται, πολλὰς διαφορὰς ἅμα τῇ πέψει λαμβάνουσιν.
And it is easy to perceive this from many things; for indeed some of the fruits, as has been said, receive many differences at the same time as their ripening.
Διὸ καὶ τὰς ὀσμὰς καὶ τοὺς χυλοὺς πολὺ διαφόρους συμβαίνει τοῖς ἄνθεσι καὶ τοῖς καρποῖς συνακολουθεῖν.
Therefore, also the odors and the juices happen to follow, being very different for the flowers and the fruits.
§5.28Ἔτι δὲ μᾶλλον τοῦτό ἐστιν ἐπ᾽ αὐτῶν τῶν ἀνθῶν φανερόν· τοῦ γὰρ αὐτοῦ φύλλου τὸ μέν ἐστι μέλαν τὸ δὲ φοινικιοῦν, ἐνίων δὲ τὸ μέν τι λευκὸν τὸ δὲ πορφυροειδές.
And this is even more manifest in the flowers themselves; for of the same petal one part is black and another crimson, and in some, one part is white and another purple-like.
Οὐχ ἥκιστα δὲ τοῦτο φανερόν ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῆς ἴριδος· πολλὰς γὰρ ἔχει καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ἄνθος ἐν αὑτῷ ποικιλίας παρὰ τὰς τῆς πέψεως διαφοράς, ὥσπερ καὶ τῶν βοτρύων, ὅταν ἤδη πεπαινόμενοι τυγχάνωσιν.
And this is not least manifest in the case of the iris; for this flower also has many variegations in itself because of the differences in ripening, just like clusters of grapes when they happen to be already ripening.
§5.29Διὸ καὶ πάντων μάλιστα συμβαίνει πέττεσθαι τῶν ἀνθῶν τὰ ἄκρα, τὰ δὲ πρὸς ταῖς ἀρχαῖς ἀχρούστερα γίνεται πολλῷ.
Therefore, of all flowers, the tips happen to ripen most of all, while the parts near the base become much less colored.
Σχεδὸν γὰρ ἐνίων ὥσπερ ἐκκάεται τὸ ὑγρὸν πρότερον ἢ λαβεῖν τὴν οἰκείαν πέψιν.
For in some, the moisture is almost burnt out, as it were, before receiving its proper ripening.
§5.30Διὸ καὶ τὰ μὲν ἄνθη τῷ χρώματι διαμένει, οἱ δὲ καρποὶ πεττόμενοι μεταβάλλουσιν· τὰ μὲν γὰρ διὰ μικρότητα τῆς τροφῆς ταχέως ἐκπέττεται, οἱ δὲ καρποὶ διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς ὑγρασίας εἰς πάσας ἅμα τῇ πέψει τὰς κατὰ φύσιν χρόας μεταβάλλουσιν.
Therefore, also the flowers remain constant in color, but the fruits change as they ripen; for the former, because of the smallness of their nourishment, are quickly ripened to the end, while the fruits, because of the abundance of moisture, change during ripening into all their natural colors.
Φανερὸν δὲ τοῦτο ἐστί, καθάπερ εἴρηται πρότερον, καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν βαπτομένων ἀνθῶν.
And this is manifest, as has been said before, also in the case of dyed materials.
§5.31Τὰ μὲν γὰρ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, ὅταν βάπτοντες τὴν πορφύραν καθιῶσι τὰς αἱματίδας, ὄρφνιαι γίνονται καὶ μέλαιναι καὶ ἀεροειδεῖς· τοῦ δ᾽ ἄνθους συνεψηθέντος ἱκανῶς ἁλουργὲς γίνεται εὐανθὲς καὶ λαμπρόν.
For at the beginning, when those who dye for the purple plunge the blood-red items, they become dark brown, black, and sky-colored; but when the dye has been sufficiently boiled, it becomes a beautiful and brilliant sea-purple.
§5.32Ὥστ’ ἀνάγκη καὶ τῶν ἀνθῶν ὁμοίως πολλὰ τοῖς χρώμασι τῶν καρπῶν διαλλάττειν, καὶ τὰ μὲν ὑπερβαίνειν τὰ δὲ ἀπολείπειν τῶν κατὰ φύσιν χρωμάτων, διὰ τὸ τῶν μὲν ἀτελῆ τῶν δὲ τελείαν γινέσθαι τὴν πέψιν.
So that of necessity many of the flowers also differ in their colors from those of the fruits, and some exceed while others fall short of their natural colors, because the ripening of some becomes imperfect and of others perfect.
§5.33Τὰ μὲν οὖν ἄνθη καὶ τοὺς καρποὺς διὰ ταύτας τὰς αἰτίας συμβαίνει τοῖς χρώμασιν ἀλλήλων διαφέρειν· τὰ δὲ φύλλα τῶν πλείστων δένδρων τὸ τελευταῖον γίνεται ξανθὰ διὰ τὸ τῆς τροφῆς ὑπολειπούσης φθάνειν αὐτὰ καταξηραινόμενα πρότερον ἢ μεταβάλλειν εἰς τὸ κατὰ φύσιν χρῶμα, ἐπεὶ καὶ τῶν ἀπορρεόντων καρπῶν ἔνιοι γίνονται τῷ χρώματι ξανθοὶ διὰ τὸ καὶ τούτων τῆς πέψεως πρότερον τὴν τροφὴν ὑπολείπειν.
The flowers and the fruits, then, happen to differ in their colors from one another because of these causes; but the leaves of most trees finally become yellow because, as the nourishment fails, they are dried up before they change into their natural color, since indeed some of the falling fruits also become yellow in color because their nourishment also fails before their ripening.
§5.34Ἔτι δὲ ὅ τε σῖτος καὶ τὰ φυόμενα πάντα· καὶ γὰρ ταῦτα τὸ τελευταῖον γίνεται ξανθά.
And furthermore, corn and all growing plants; for these also finally become yellow.
Τὸ γὰρ ὑγρὸν ἐν αὐτοῖς οὐκέτι μελαινόμενον διὰ τὸ καταξηραίνεσθαι ταχέως ποιεῖ τὴν τοῦ χρώματος μεταβολήν.
For the moisture in them, no longer turning black because of being quickly dried up, causes the change of color.
§5.35Μελαινόμενον γὰρ καὶ τῷ χλωρῷ κεραννύμενον γίνεται, καθάπερ εἴρηται, ποῶδες· ἀσθενεστέρου δὲ τοῦ μέλανος ἀεὶ γινομένου, πάλιν κατὰ μικρὸν εἰς τὸ χλωρὸν μεταβάλλει χρῶμα, καὶ τὸ τελευταῖον γίνεται ξανθόν, ἐπεὶ τά γε τῆς ἀπίου φύλλα καὶ τῆς ἀνδράχνης καί τινων ἄλλων πεττόμενα γίνεται φοινικιᾶ.
For as it turns black and mixes with the pale green, it becomes, as has been said, herbaceous; but as the black always becomes weaker, it changes back gradually into the pale green color, and finally becomes yellow, since indeed the leaves of the pear tree, the arbutus, and some others, when ripening, become crimson.
§5.36Πλὴν ὅσα καὶ τούτων καταξηραίνεται ταχέως, ταῦτα γίνεται ξανθὰ διὰ τὸ τούτων πρὸ τῆς πέψεως τὴν τροφὴν ὑπολείπειν.
Except that such of these as are also quickly dried up become yellow, because their nourishment fails before their ripening.
Τὰς μὲν οὖν τῶν φυτῶν διαφορὰς μάλιστα εὔλογον συμβαίνειν διὰ τὰς εἰρημένας αἰτίας.
It is therefore most reasonable that the differences in plants occur because of the aforementioned causes.