Humanitext Reader

Aeschylus · Prometheus Bound §569-656

Io's Lament and the Origins of Her Suffering

Passage 7 of 12 · Greek

Summary

Io, transformed into a heifer and pursued by the ghost of Argus and a gadfly, appears before the chained Prometheus and laments her madness. She asks him about his identity and her own future, and at the Chorus's request, begins to relate how she won Zeus's love and incurred Hera's wrath.

§569τὸν μυριωπὸν εἰσορῶσα βούταν.
as I behold the herdsman with ten thousand eyes.
§570ὁ δὲ πορεύεται δόλιον ὄμμ᾽ ἔχων, §570aὃν οὐδὲ κατθανόντα γαῖα κεύθει.
He travels with a crafty eye, whom even in death the earth does not hide.
§571ἀλλ᾽ ἐμὲ τὰν τάλαιναν §572ἐξ ἐνέρων περῶν κυναγεῖ, πλανᾷ §573τε νῆστιν ἀνὰ τὰν παραλίαν ψάμμαν.
But me, wretched one, passing from the dead he hunts, and drives me wandering starving along the sandy shore.
§574ὑπὸ δὲ κηρόπλαστος ὀτοβεῖ δόναξ
And beneath, the wax-molded reed pipe sounds clear, a sleep-bringing tune.
§575ἀχέτας ὑπνοδόταν νόμον: ἰὼ ἰὼ πόποι,
Oh, oh, gods!
§576ποῖ μ᾽ ἄγουσ᾽ <ὦ πόποι> τηλέπλανοι πλάναι;
Where do these far-wandering journeys lead me?
§577τί ποτέ μ᾽, ὦ Κρόνιε παῖ, τί ποτε §578ταῖσδ᾽ ἐνέζευξας εὑρὼν ἁμαρτοῦσαν ἐν §579πημοσύναις, ἐή,
Why, O son of Cronus, why did you yoke me to these sufferings, finding me having sinned in sufferings, ah!
§580οἰστρηλάτῳ δὲ δείματι δειλαίαν §581παράκοπον ὧδε τείρεις;
and with gadfly-driven terror, wretched me, mad as I am, do you wear out?
§582πυρί <με> φλέξον, ἢ χθονὶ κάλυψον, ἢ ποντίοις §583δάκεσι δὸς βοράν, §584μηδέ μοι φθονήσῃς §585εὐγμάτων, ἄναξ.
Burn me with fire, or hide me in the earth, or to the sea-monsters give as food, and do not grudge me my prayers, O king.
§585aἄδην με πολύπλανοι πλάναι §586γεγυμνάκασιν, οὐδ᾽ ἔχω μαθεῖν ὅπα §587πημονὰς ἀλύξω.
Enough have my far-wandering journeys exercised me, nor can I learn where I may escape my sufferings.
§588κλύεις φθέγμα τᾶς βούκερω παρθένου;
Do you hear the voice of the horned maiden?
§589πῶς δ᾽ οὐ κλύω τῆς οἰστροδινήτου κόρης, §590τῆς Ἰναχείας;
Prometheus: How should I not hear the gadfly-driven girl, the daughter of Inachus?
ἣ Διὸς θάλπει κέαρ §591ἔρωτι, καὶ νῦν τοὺς ὑπερμήκεις δρόμους §592Ἥρᾳ στυγητὸς πρὸς βίαν γυμνάζεται.
Who warms the heart of Zeus with love, and now these exceedingly long courses hated by Hera, she is forced to run.
§593πόθεν ἐμοῦ σὺ πατρὸς ὄνομ᾽ ἀπύεις;
Io: Whence do you utter my father's name?
§594εἰπέ μοι τᾷ μογερᾷ τίς ὤν, τίς ἄρα μ᾽, ὦ τάλας, §595τὰν ταλαίπωρον ὧδ᾽ ἔτυμα προσθροεῖς:
Tell me, the wretched one, who you are, who are you, O miserable one, that address me, wretched one, so truly?
§596θεόσυτόν τε νόσον ὠνόμασας, §597ἃ μαραίνει με χρίουσα κέντροις, ἰώ,
And you named the god-sent sickness, which wastes me, stinging with goads, oh!
§598φοιταλέοις, ἐή.
frenzied, ah!
§599σκιρτημάτων δὲ νήστισιν αἰκίαις §600λαβρόσυτος ἦλθον, <Ἥρασ> §601ἐπικότοισι μήδεσι δαμεῖσα.
And with the starving tortures of leapings, rushing wildly I came, by Hera's wrathful designs subdued.
δυσδαιμόνων §602δὲ τίνες οἵ, ἐή, §603οἷ᾽ ἐγὼ μογοῦσιν;
Of the ill-fated ones, who are they, ah, who suffer such things as I?
§604ἀλλά μοι τορῶς §605τέκμηρον ὅ τι μ᾽ ἐπαμμένει §606παθεῖν, τί μῆχαρ, ἢ τί φάρμακον νόσου, §607δεῖξον, εἴπερ οἶσθα: §608θρόει, φράζε τᾷ δυσπλάνῳ παρθένῳ.
But to me clearly declare what awaits me to suffer; what remedy, or what cure for my sickness, show, if indeed you know; speak, tell the far-wandering maiden.
§609λέξω τορῶς σοι πᾶν ὅπερ χρῄζεις μαθεῖν, §610οὐκ ἐμπλέκων αἰνίγματ᾽, ἀλλ᾽ ἁπλῷ λόγῳ, §611ὥσπερ δίκαιον πρὸς φίλους οἴγειν στόμα.
Prometheus: I will speak clearly to you all that you desire to learn, not weaving riddles, but in simple speech, just as it is right to open one's mouth to friends.
§612πυρὸς βροτοῖς δοτῆρ᾽ ὁρᾷς Προμηθέα.
You see Prometheus, the giver of fire to mortals.
§613ὦ κοινὸν ὠφέλημα θνητοῖσιν φανείς, §614τλῆμον Προμηθεῦ, τοῦ δίκην πάσχεις τάδε;
Io: O you who appeared as a common benefit to mortals, enduring Prometheus, as punishment for what do you suffer this?
§615ἁρμοῖ πέπαυμαι τοὺς ἐμοὺς θρηνῶν πόνους.
Prometheus: Just now I have ceased lamenting my own troubles.
§616οὔκουν πόροις ἂν τήνδε δωρεὰν ἐμοί;
Io: Would you not then grant this gift to me?
§617λέγ᾽ ἥντιν᾽ αἰτεῖ: πᾶν γὰρ ἂν πύθοιό μου.
Prometheus: Say which you ask; for you may learn everything from me.
§618σήμηνον ὅστις ἐν φάραγγί σ᾽ ὤχμασε.
Io: Declare who bound you in the cleft.
§619βούλευμα μὲν τὸ Δῖον, Ἡφαίστου δὲ χείρ.
Prometheus: The will indeed was that of Zeus, but the hand was of Hephaestus.
§620ποίων δὲ ποινὰς ἀμπλακημάτων τίνεις;
Io: And for what offenses do you pay the penalty?
§621τοσοῦτον ἀρκῶ σοι σαφηνίσας μόνον.
Prometheus: It is enough that I have clarified only this much for you.
§622καὶ πρός γε τούτοις τέρμα τῆς ἐμῆς πλάνης §623δεῖξον τίς ἔσται τῇ ταλαιπώρῳ χρόνος.
Io: And besides this, the end of my wandering, show what time it will be for the wretched one.
§624τὸ μὴ μαθεῖν σοι κρεῖσσον ἢ μαθεῖν τάδε.
Prometheus: For you, not to learn is better than to learn these things.
§625μήτοι με κρύψῃς τοῦθ᾽ ὅπερ μέλλω παθεῖν.
Io: Do not hide from me what I am about to suffer.
§626ἀλλ᾽ οὐ μεγαίρω τοῦδέ σοι δωρήματος.
Prometheus: Well, I do not grudge you this gift.
§627τί δῆτα μέλλεις μὴ οὐ γεγωνίσκειν τὸ πᾶν;
Io: Why then do you delay to speak the whole?
§628φθόνος μὲν οὐδείς, σὰς δ᾽ ὀκνῶ θρᾶξαι φρένας.
Prometheus: There is no grudge, but I hesitate to crush your mind.
§629μή μου προκήδου μᾶσσον ὧν ἐμοὶ γλυκύ.
Io: Do not care for me further than what is sweet to me.
§630ἐπεὶ προθυμεῖ, χρὴ λέγειν: ἄκουε δή.
Prometheus: Since you are eager, I must speak; hear then.
§631μήπω γε: μοῖραν δ᾽ ἡδονῆς κἀμοὶ πόρε.
Chorus: Not yet! Grant a share of pleasure to me also.
§632τὴν τῆσδε πρῶτον ἱστορήσωμεν νόσον, §633αὐτῆς λεγούσης τὰς πολυφθόρους τύχας: §634τὰ λοιπὰ δ᾽ ἄθλων σοῦ διδαχθήτω πάρα.
Let us first inquire into her sickness, while she herself tells of her destructive fortunes; and let the rest of her labors be taught by you.
§635σὸν ἔργον, Ἰοῖ, ταῖσδ᾽ ὑπουργῆσαι χάριν, §636ἄλλως τε πάντως καὶ κασιγνήταις πατρός.
Prometheus: It is your task, Io, to grant this favor to these ones, especially since they are sisters of your father.
§637ὡς τἀποκλαῦσαι κἀποδύρασθαι τύχας §638ἐνταῦθ᾽, ὅπου μέλλοι τις οἴσεσθαι δάκρυ §639πρὸς τῶν κλυόντων, ἀξίαν τριβὴν ἔχει.
Since to weep and lament one's fortunes here, where one is likely to win a tear from the listeners, holds a worthy delay.
§640οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅπως ὑμῖν <γ᾽> ἀπιστῆσαί με χρή, §641σαφεῖ δὲ μύθῳ πᾶν ὅπερ προσχρῄζετε §642πεύσεσθε: καίτοι καὶ λέγουσ᾽ ὀδύρομαι §643θεόσσυτον χειμῶνα καὶ διαφθορὰν §644μορφῆς, ὅθεν μοι σχετλίᾳ προσέπτατο.
Io: I do not know how I should distrust you, and in clear speech all that you desire you shall learn; and yet even as I speak, I lament the god-sent storm and the destruction of my form, whence it flew upon miserable me.
§645ἀεὶ γὰρ ὄψεις ἔννυχοι πωλεύμεναι §646ἐς παρθενῶνας τοὺς ἐμοὺς παρηγόρουν §647λείοισι μύθοις “ὦ μέγ᾽ εὔδαιμον κόρη, §648τί παρθενεύει δαρόν, ἐξόν σοι γάμου §649τυχεῖν μεγίστου;
For always nightly visions, hovering into my maiden chambers, comforted me with smooth words: "O greatly blessed maiden, why do you remain a virgin so long, when it is permitted for you to obtain the greatest marriage?
Ζεὺς γὰρ ἱμέρου βέλει §650πρὸς σοῦ τέθαλπται καὶ συναίρεσθαι Κύπριν §651θέλει: σὺ δ᾽, ὦ παῖ, μὴ ᾽πολακτίσῃς λέχος §652τὸ Ζηνός, ἀλλ᾽ ἔξελθε πρὸς Λέρνης βαθὺν §653λειμῶνα, ποίμνας βουστάσεις τε πρὸς πατρός, §654ὡς ἂν τὸ Δῖον ὄμμα λωφήσῃ πόθου. ” §655τοιοῖσδε πάσας εὐφρόνας ὀνείρασι §656συνειχόμην δύστηνος, ἔς τε δὴ πατρὶ
For Zeus has been warmed by the shaft of desire because of you, and wishes to share Cypris with you; and you, O child, do not kick away the bed of Zeus, but go out to Lerna's deep meadow, to the flocks and ox-stalls of your father, so that the eye of Zeus may find relief from desire." With such dreams all the nights I was beset, wretched me, until indeed to my father...

Notes

  1. 584μηδέ μοι φθονήσῃς εὐγμάτων — The verb `φθονέω` (to grudge, refuse) takes a dative of the person (`μοι`) and a genitive of the thing refused (`εὐγμάτων`), meaning 'do not refuse me my prayers.'
  2. 627μὴ οὐ γεγωνίσκειν — The double negative `μὴ οὐ` is used with the infinitive after expressions of delay or hesitation in a question equivalent to a negative ('why do you hesitate to speak?' i.e., 'do not hesitate').
  3. 637ὡς τἀποκλαῦσαι — The conjunction `ὡς` introduces a causal clause. The subject is the articular infinitive `τἀποκλαῦσαι κἀποδύρασθαι` (to weep and lament), with `ἔχει` as the main verb and `ἀξίαν τριβὴν` (a worthy spending of time) as the object.
  4. 648ἐξόν — The neuter singular accusative participle of the impersonal verb `ἔξεστι` is used in an accusative absolute construction, meaning 'when it is permitted' or 'although it is allowed' to obtain marriage.

Cite this passage

Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound §569-656. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0085.tlg003.humanitext-grc1:569-656

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