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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §9.35.1-9.35.8

Capture of the Veientine Camp and Valerius's Triumph

Passage 704 of 962 · Greek

Summary

The consul Valerius captured the second camp of the Veientes, ravaged the Sabine territory, and was awarded a triumph, while the other consul Nautius prudently delayed his march before ultimately plundering the Volscian lands.

§9.35.1τοῦτον δὲ τὸν τρόπον ἁλόντος τοῦ τῶν Σαβίνων χάρακος ἦγε τὴν δύναμιν ὁ Οὐαλέριος ἐπὶ τὸν ἕτερον, ἔνθα ἦσαν οἱ Οὐιεντανοὶ χωρίον οὐ πάνυ ἐχυρὸν κατειληφότες.
In this manner, when the camp of the Sabines had been captured, Valerius led his force against the other camp, where the Veientes had occupied a position that was not at all strong.
λαθεῖν μὲν οὖν οὐκέτι ἐνεδέχετο τοὺς προσιόντας τῷ χάρακι· ἡμέρα τε γὰρ ἦν ἤδη λαμπρά, καὶ τῶν Σαβίνων οἱ φυγόντες ἀπήγγειλαν τοῖς Τυρρηνοῖς τήν θʼ αὑτῶν συμφορὰν καὶ τὴν ἐπʼ ἐκείνους ἔλασιν·
Now, it was no longer possible for those approaching the camp to escape notice; for it was already bright day, and the fugitives of the Sabines had reported to the Etruscans both their own disaster and the march against them.
ἀναγκαῖον δʼ ἦν ἐκ τοῦ καρτεροῦ τοῖς §9.35.2πολεμίοις συμφέρεσθαι.
Thus it was necessary to clash with the enemy with all might.
γίνεται δὴ μετὰ τοῦτο πάσῃ προθυμίᾳ τῶν Τυρρηνῶν ἀγωνιζομένων πρὸ τῆς παρεμβολῆς ὀξεῖα μάχη καὶ φόνος ἀμφοτέρων πολύς, ἰσόρροπός τε καὶ μέχρι πολλοῦ ταλαντευομένη τῇδε καὶ τῇδε ἡ κρίσις τοῦ πολέμου.
Thereupon, with the Etruscans fighting before their camp with all eagerness, a sharp battle took place and many were slain on both sides, and the decision of the war hung in suspense, wavering this way and that for a long time.
ἔπειτʼ ἐνέδοσαν οἱ Τυρρηνοὶ ὑπὸ τῆς Ῥωμαικῆς ἐξωσθέντες ἵππου καὶ ἀπεχώρησαν εἰς τὸν χάρακα, ὁ δʼ ὕπατος ἠκολούθει, καὶ ἐπειδὴ πλησίον ἐγένετο τῶν ἐρυμάτων — ἦν δὲ φαύλως κατεσκευασμένα καὶ τὸ χωρίον, ὥσπερ ἔφην, οὐ πάνυ ἀσφαλές — προσέβαλε κατὰ πολλὰ μέρη τό τε λοιπὸν ἐκείνης τῆς ἡμέρας μέρος ἐπιταλαιπωρῶν καὶ οὐδὲ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν νύκτα ἀναπαυσάμενος.
Then the Etruscans gave way, being pushed back by the Roman cavalry, and retreated into their camp; and the consul followed, and when he came near the fortifications—which were poorly constructed and the position, as I said, not at all secure—he attacked in many quarters, continuing to struggle for the remainder of that day and not resting even during the following night.
§9.35.3οἱ δὲ Τυρρηνοὶ ταῖς συνεχέσι κακοπαθείαις ἀπειρηκότες ἐκλείπουσι τὸν χάρακα περὶ τὸν ὄρθρον καὶ οἱ μὲν εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἔφυγον, οἱ δʼ εἰς τὰς πλησίον ὕλας ἐσκεδάσθησαν.
And the Etruscans, exhausted by the continuous hardships, abandoned the camp around dawn and some fled to the city, while others scattered into the nearby woods.
γενόμενος δὲ καὶ τούτου τοῦ χάρακος ἐγκρατὴς ἐκείνην μὲν τὴν ἡμέραν ἀνέπαυσε τὴν στρατιάν, τῇ δʼ ἑξῆς τά τε λάφυρα, ὅσα ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων εἰλήφει τῶν στρατοπέδων, διένειμε τοῖς ἀγωνισαμένοις πολλὰ ὄντα, καὶ τοὺς ἀριστεύσαντας ἐν ταῖς μάχαις τοῖς εἰωθόσιν ἐκόσμει στεφάνοις.
Having become master of this camp as well, Valerius rested his army for that day, and on the next day he distributed the spoils, which were numerous and taken from both camps, to those who had fought, and decorated those who had distinguished themselves in the battles with the customary crowns.
§9.35.4ἦν δʼ ὁ κράτιστα πάντων ἀγωνίσασθαι δόξας καὶ τρεψάμενος τὴν Οὐιεντανῶν δύναμιν Σερουίλιος ὁ τῷ προτέρῳ ὑπατεύσας ἔτει καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ δήμου δίκην ἀποφυγών, πρεσβευτὴς τότε τῷ Οὐαλερίῳ συμπεμφθείς, καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ ἀριστείᾳ τῇδε τὰς νομιζομένας εἶναι μεγίστας παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις δωρεὰς οὗτος ἦν ὁ πρῶτος ἐξενεγκάμενος.
The one who was judged to have fought most bravely of all and who routed the force of the Veientes was Servilius, who had been consul the previous year and had been acquitted in the trial before the people; he was at that time sent along with Valerius as a legate, and for this bravery he was the first to receive the rewards that are considered the greatest among the Romans.
μετὰ ταῦτα τούς τε τῶν πολεμίων σκυλεύσας νεκροὺς ὁ ὕπατος καὶ τῶν ἰδίων ταφὰς ποιησάμενος ἀπῆγε τὴν στρατιὰν καὶ πλησίον τῆς Οὐιεντανῶν πόλεως καταστήσας προὐκαλεῖτο τοὺς ἔνδον.
After this, the consul having despoiled the bodies of the enemy and performed the burials of his own dead, led the army away and, having stationed it near the city of the Veientes, challenged those inside.
§9.35.5ὡς δʼ οὐδεὶς ἐξῄει μαχησόμενος ἄπορον ὁρῶν χρῆμα ἐκ τειχομαχίας αὐτοὺς ἑλεῖν ἐχυρὰν σφόδρα ἔχοντας πόλιν, τῆς γῆς αὐτῶν πολλὴν καταδραμὼν εἰς τὴν Σαβίνων ἐνέβαλε.
But when no one came out to fight, seeing that it was an impossible thing to take them by assault since they had a very strong city, he overran much of their land and invaded that of the Sabines.
λεηλατήσας δὲ κἀκείνην ἔτι ἀκέραιον οὖσαν ἐπὶ πολλὰς ἡμέρας καὶ βαρεῖαν ἤδη τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἔχων ταῖς ὠφελείαις ἀπῆγεν ἐπʼ οἴκου τὴν δύναμιν· καὶ αὐτῷ ὁ μὲν δῆμος πρὸ πολλοῦ τῆς πόλεως ὄντι ἐστεφανωμένος ὑπήντα λιβανωτοῖς τε θυμιῶν τὴν πάροδον καὶ κρατῆρσι μελικράτου κεκραμένοις ὑποδεχόμενος τὴν στρατιάν· ἡ δὲ βουλὴ τὴν τοῦ θριάμβου πομπὴν ἐψηφίσατο.
Having plundered that territory also, which was still untouched, for many days and now having his baggage heavy with spoils, he led his force home; and the people met him while he was still far from the city, wearing crowns, burning incense along his passage, and welcoming the army with bowls of mixed mead, while the senate voted the triumphal procession.
§9.35.6ὁ δʼ ἕτερος τῶν ὑπάτων Γάιος Ναύτιος, ᾧ προσέκειτο κατὰ κλῆρον ἡ τῶν συμμάχων Λατίνων τε καὶ Ἑρνίκων φυλακή, βραδυτέραν ἐποιήσατο τὴν ἔξοδον· οὔτʼ ἀπορίᾳ οὔτʼ ὄκνῳ τοῦ κινδύνου κρατηθείς, τὴν δʼ ἀδηλότητα τοῦ πρὸς Οὐιεντανοὺς πολέμου καραδοκῶν, ἵνʼ ἐάν τι συμβῇ πταῖσμα περὶ τὴν ἐκεῖ στρατιὰν ἐν ἑτοίμῳ τις ὑπάρχῃ τῇ πόλει συνεστῶσα δύναμις, ἣ κωλύσει τοὺς πολεμίους εἰς τὴν χώραν ἐμβαλεῖν, ἐὰν ὥσπερ οἱ πρότερον ἐλάσαντες ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥώμην ἐπιτειχίζειν τινὰ κατὰ τῆς πόλεως χωρία ἐπιβάλωνται.
Meanwhile, the other consul, Gaius Nautius, to whom the protection of the allied Latins and Hernicians had fallen by lot, made his departure slower; not because he was overcome by want or by dread of danger, but because he was waiting to see the uncertainty of the war against the Veientes, so that if any setback should occur regarding the army there, a united force might be ready at hand for the city to prevent the enemy from invading the territory, if they, like those who previously marched against Rome, should attempt to fortify some positions against the city.
§9.35.7ἐν δὲ τῷ μεταξὺ τούτου χρόνῳ καὶ ὁ κατὰ τῶν Λατίνων πόλεμος, ὃν ἐπῆγον αὐτοῖς Αἰκανοί τε καὶ Οὐολοῦσκοι τέλος εὐτυχὲς ἔσχε· καὶ παρῆσάν τινες ἀγγέλλοντες μάχῃ νικηθέντας ἀπεληλυθέναι τοὺς πολεμίους ἐκ τῆς χώρας αὐτῶν, καὶ μηδεμιᾶς τοῖς συμμάχοις ἔτι δεῖν βοηθείας κατὰ τὸ παρόν·
In the meantime, the war against the Latins, which the Aequians and Volscians had brought upon them, came to a successful end; and some arrived reporting that the enemy, having been defeated in battle, had departed from their country, and that no help was any longer needed for the allies at present.
ὁ μέντοι Ναύτιος οὐδὲν ἧττον, ἐπειδὴ τὰ ἐν τῇ Τυρρηνίᾳ πράγματα καλῶς σφίσιν ἐχώρησεν, ἐξῆγε τὴν στρατιάν.
Nevertheless, Nautius, when the affairs in Etruria had turned out well for them, led out his army.
§9.35.8ἐμβαλὼν δʼ εἰς τὴν Οὐολούσκων χώραν καὶ πολλὴν αὐτῆς διεξελθὼν ἔρημον ἀφειμένην, ἀνδραπόδων μὲν καὶ βοσκημάτων ὀλίγων πάνυ ἐκράτησεν, ἀρούρας δʼ αὐτῶν ἐν ἀκμῇ τοῦ σίτου ὄντος ἐμπρήσας καὶ ἄλλα οὐκ ὀλίγα τῶν ἐν τοῖς ἀγροῖς λωβησάμενος οὐδενὸς ὁμόσε χωροῦντος ἀπῆγε τὴν στρατιάν·
Having invaded the territory of the Volscians and traversed much of it which had been left deserted, he captured very few slaves and cattle, but having burned their fields when the wheat was ripe and damaged not a few other things in the countryside, since no one came to meet him, he led the army away.
ταῦτα μὲν ἐπὶ τούτων τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐπράχθη.
These were the things done under these men.

Notes

  1. §9.35.1λαθεῖν μὲν οὖν οὐκέτι ἐνεδέχετο τοὺς προσιόντας τῷ χάρακι — The impersonal verb ἐνεδέχετο ("it was possible") takes the infinitive λαθεῖν ("to escape notice") as its subject. The accusative phrase τοὺς προσιόντας τῷ χάρακι ("those approaching the camp") acts as the subject accusative of the infinitive, meaning "it was no longer possible for those approaching the camp to escape notice."
  2. §9.35.5ἄπορον ὁρῶν χρῆμα ἐκ τειχομαχίας αὐτοὺς ἑλεῖν — The phrase ἄπορον χρῆμα ("an impossible thing") functions as a predicate with the infinitive phrase αὐτοὺς ἑλεῖν ("to capture them"). This entire construction serves as the object clause of the participle ὁρῶν ("seeing"), meaning "seeing that it was an impossible thing to capture them by assault." Here, αὐτούς refers to the Veientes and is the object of ἑλεῖν.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §9.35.1-9.35.8. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.35.1-9.35.8

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