§8.81.1μετὰ γὰρ τὸν τοῦ Κασσίου θάνατον οἱ μὲν αὐξάνοντες τὴν ἀριστοκρατίαν θρασύτεροί τε καὶ ὑπεροπτικώτεροι τῶν δημοτικῶν ἐγεγόνεσαν· οἱ δʼ ἐν ἀφανεῖ τῆς δόξης φερόμενοι καὶ βίου εἰς ταπεινὰ συνεστάλησαν, καὶ ὡς ἄριστον ἀπολωλεκότες φύλακα τῆς δημοτικῆς μερίδος πολλὴν ἄνοιαν ἑαυτῶν ἐπὶ τῇ καταδίκῃ κατηγόρουν.
For after the death of Cassius, those who were promoting the aristocracy had become bolder and more arrogant toward the plebeians; while those who were dragged down into obscurity of reputation and life were reduced to humble circumstances, and as if they had lost the best guardian of the plebeian cause, they accused themselves of great folly in regard to his condemnation.
τούτου δʼ αἴτιον ἦν, ὅτι τὰ δόξαντα τῇ βουλῇ περὶ τῆς κληρουχίας οὐκ ἔπραττον οἱ ὕπατοι, δέον αὐτοὺς ἄνδρας τʼ ἀποδεῖξαι δέκα τοὺς ὁριοῦντας τὴν γῆν καὶ γνώμην εἰσηγήσασθαι πόσην τʼ αὐτῆς καὶ §8.81.2τίσι δεήσει νεμηθῆναι.
And the reason for this was that the consuls did not carry out the decrees of the senate concerning the distribution of land, although they ought to have appointed ten men to mark out the land and to have introduced a proposal as to how much of it and to whom it should be distributed.
συνῄεσάν τε πολλοὶ κατὰ συστροφὰς περὶ τῆς ἀπάτης ἑκάστοτε διαλεγόμενοι, καὶ ἐν αἰτίᾳ τοὺς προτέρους εἶχον δημάρχους ὡς προδεδωκότας τὸ κοινόν· ἐκκλησίαι τε συνεχεῖς ὑπὸ τῶν τότε δημάρχων ἐγίνοντο καὶ ἀπαιτήσεις τῆς ὑποσχέσεως.
And many came together in crowds, talking on each occasion about the deception, and they held the former tribunes in blame as having betrayed the common interest; and continuous assemblies were held by the tribunes of that time, and demands for the fulfillment of the promise.
ταῦτα συνιδόντες οἱ ὕπατοι γνώμην ἐποιήσαντο πολέμων προφάσει τὸ παρακινοῦν ἐν τῇ πόλει μέρος καὶ ταραττόμενον καταστεῖλαι· ἔτυχε γὰρ ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ χρόνῳ λῃστηρίοις τε ὑπὸ τῶν πλησιοχώρων πόλεων καὶ καταδρομαῖς τισιν ἡ γῆ βλαπτομένη.
The consuls, seeing this, made a resolution to suppress under the pretext of wars the part of the city that was stirring and turbulent; for it happened that at the same time the territory was being damaged by robberies of the neighboring cities and by certain incursions.
§8.81.3τιμωρίας μὲν δὴ τῶν ἀδικούντων ἕνεκα προὔθεσαν τὰ τοῦ πολέμου σημεῖα, καὶ τὰς δυνάμεις τῆς πόλεως κατέγραφον· οὐ προσιόντων δὲ τῇ καταγραφῇ τῶν ἀπόρων ἀδύνατοι ὄντες τὴν ἐκ τῶν νόμων ἀνάγκην τοῖς ἀπειθοῦσι προσφέρειν· προειστήκεσαν γὰρ τοῦ πλήθους οἱ δήμαρχοι καὶ κωλύσειν ἔμελλον, εἴ τις ἐπιχειρήσειεν ἢ τὰ σώματα τῶν ἐκλειπόντων τὴν στρατείαν ἄγειν ἢ τὰ χρήματα φέρειν· ἀπειλαῖς χρησάμενοι πολλαῖς ὡς οὐκ ἐπιτρέψοντες τοῖς ἀνασείουσι τὸ πλῆθος, λεληθυῖαν ὑποψίαν κατέλιπον ὡς δικτάτορα ἀποδείξοντες, ὃς ἔμελλε καταλύσας τὰς ἄλλας ἀρχὰς τὴν τυραννικὴν καὶ ἀνυπεύθυνον μόνος ἕξειν ἐξουσίαν.
For the sake of punishing the wrongdoers they displayed the signals of war and began to levy the forces of the city; but as the poor did not present themselves for the levy, being unable to apply the legal compulsion to the disobedient—for the tribunes stood at the head of the multitude and were about to prevent it, if anyone should attempt either to arrest the persons of those who failed to join the campaign or to collect the money—using many threats that they would not permit those who were exciting the multitude, they left behind a secret suspicion that they would appoint a dictator, who, having dissolved the other offices, would alone hold tyrannical and unaccountable power.
§8.81.4ὡς δὲ ταύτην ἔλαβον τὴν ὑπόνοιαν οἱ δημοτικοί, δείσαντες, μὴ τὸν Ἄππιον ἀποδείξωσι πικρὸν ὄντα καὶ χαλεπόν, πάντα πρὸ τούτου πάσχειν ὑπέμενον.
And when the plebeians conceived this suspicion, fearing lest they should appoint Appius, who was bitter and harsh, they submitted to suffer anything rather than this.