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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §8.68.1-8.68.4

Campaigns of Verginius and Cassius against Rome's Neighbors

Passage 646 of 962 · Greek

Summary

The new consuls Verginius and Cassius set out on their respective campaigns, overwhelming the Aicanians, Volscians, and Hernicians, and forcing them to surrender or negotiate for peace.

§8.68.1οἱ δὲ παρὰ τούτων τὴν ὑπατείαν παραλαβόντες Πόπλιος Οὐεργίνιος καὶ Σπόριος Κάσσιος τρίτον τότʼ ἀποδειχθεὶς ὕπατος, τάς τε πολιτικὰς καὶ τὰς συμμαχικὰς ἀναλαβόντες δυνάμεις ἐξῆγον εἰς τὴν ὕπαιθρον, Οὐεργίνιος μὲν ἐπὶ τὰς Αἰκανῶν πόλεις, Κάσσιος δʼ ἐπὶ τὰς Ἑρνίκων τε καὶ Οὐολούσκων, κλήρῳ διαλαχόντες τὰς ἐξόδους.
And Publius Verginius and Spurius Cassius, the latter then appointed consul for the third time, who received the consulship from them, took the civic and allied forces and led them out into the field, Verginius against the cities of the Aicanians, and Cassius against those of the Hernicians and Volscians, having distributed the expeditions by lot.
Αἰκανοὶ μὲν οὖν ὀχυρώσαντες τὰς πόλεις καὶ τὰ πλείστου ἄξια ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν ἀνασκευασάμενοι τήν τε γῆν περιεώρων δῃουμένην καὶ τὰς αὐλὰς ἐμπιμπραμένας, ὥστε κατὰ πολλὴν εὐπέτειαν ὁ Οὐεργίνιος ὅσην ἐδύνατο πλείστην αὐτῶν γῆν κείρας τε καὶ λωβησάμενος, ἐπειδὴ οὐδεὶς ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς ἐξῄει μαχούμενος ἀπῆγε τὴν στρατιάν.
The Aicanians, therefore, having fortified their cities and removed their most valuable possessions from the country, calmly watched their land being plundered and their farmsteads being burned; so that Verginius, having with great ease ravaged and laid waste as much of their land as he could, since no one came out to fight for it, led back his army.
§8.68.2Οὐολοῦσκοι δὲ καὶ Ἕρνικες, ἐφʼ οὓς ὁ Κάσσιος ἐστράτευσε, γνώμην μὲν ἐποιήσαντο δῃουμένης τῆς χώρας περιορᾶν καὶ συνέφυγον εἰς τὰς πόλεις·
The Volscians and Hernicians, against whom Cassius made his campaign, made up their minds to overlook their territory being plundered and fled together into their cities.
οὐ μὴν ἔμεινάν γʼ ἐν τοῖς ἐγνωσμένοις χώρας τʼ ἀγαθῆς κειρομένης, ἣν οὐ ῥᾳδίως ἀνακτήσεσθαι ἔτι ἤλπισαν, οἴκτῳ ὑπαχθέντες, καὶ τοῖς ἐρύμασιν οὐ σφόδρα ἐχυροῖς οὖσιν, εἰς ἃ κατεπεφεύγεσαν, ἀπιστοῦντες, ἀλλὰ πρέσβεις ἀπέστειλαν πρὸς τὸν ὕπατον ὑπὲρ καταλύσεως τοῦ πολέμου δεησομένους·
They did not, however, abide by their decisions, being led by pity for their good land being ravaged, which they expected they would not easily recover again, and distrusting the fortifications, which were not very strong, into which they had fled; but they sent ambassadors to the consul to entreat for a termination of the war.
Οὐολοῦσκοι μὲν πρότεροι, καὶ θᾶττον οὗτοι τῆς εἰρήνης ἔτυχον ἀργύριόν τε δόντες, ὅσον αὐτοῖς ὁ ὕπατος ἔταξε, καὶ τἆλλα, ὅσων ἔδει τῇ στρατιᾷ, πάντα ὑπηρετήσαντες· καὶ οὗτοι μὲν ὑπήκοοι Ῥωμαίοις ἔσεσθαι ὡμολόγησαν οὐθενὸς ἔτι μεταποιούμενοι τῶν ἴσων.
The Volscians were the first, and these obtained peace more quickly by giving the money that the consul prescribed to them and by serving all other things that were necessary for the army; and these agreed to be subject to the Romans, no longer laying claim to any equal terms.
§8.68.3Ἕρνικες δʼ ὕστεροι, ἐπειδὴ μεμονωμένους ἑαυτοὺς εἶδον, ὑπὲρ εἰρήνης τε καὶ φιλίας διελέγοντο πρὸς τὸν ὕπατον.
The Hernicians were later, and when they saw themselves isolated, they began to treat with the consul for peace and friendship.
ὁ δὲ Κάσσιος πολλὴν κατηγορίαν πρὸς τοὺς πρέσβεις κατʼ αὐτῶν διαθέμενος πρῶτον ἔφη δεῖν αὐτοὺς τὰ τῶν κεκρατημένων τε καὶ ὑπηκόων ποιήσαντας, τότε διαλέγεσθαι περὶ φιλίας·
But Cassius, having first made a long accusation against them to the ambassadors, said that they must first do the duties of conquered and subject peoples, and only then treat for friendship.
τῶν δὲ πρεσβευτῶν εἰπόντων ποιήσειν τὰ δυνατὰ καὶ μέτρια ἐκέλευσεν αὐτοῖς ἀργύριόν τε, ὃ κατʼ ἄνδρα τοῖς στρατιώταις εἰς ὀψωνιασμὸν ἔθος ἦν ἓξ μηνῶν δίδοσθαι καὶ διὰ μηνὸς τροφὰς ἀποφέρειν.
When the ambassadors said they would do what was possible and moderate, he ordered them to give money, which was customary to be given to the soldiers for six months' pay per man, and to deliver provisions month by month.
§8.68.4ἕως δʼ ἂν ταῦτʼ εὐπορήσωσι, τάξας τινὰ χρόνον ἡμερῶν ἀνοχὰς αὐτοῖς ἐδίδου τοῦ πολέμου.
And until they should provide these things, having fixed a certain time, he granted them a truce of war.
ὑπηρετησάντων δʼ αὐτοῖς ἅπαντα τῶν Ἑρνίκων διὰ τάχους καὶ μετὰ προθυμίας, καὶ τοὺς περὶ τῆς φιλίας διαλεξομένους ἀποστειλάντων αὖθις, ἐπαινέσας αὐτοὺς ὁ Κάσσιος ἀνέπεμψεν ἐπὶ τὴν βουλήν.
When the Hernicians had performed everything for them quickly and with alacrity, and had sent again those who should treat for friendship, Cassius praised them and sent them up to the senate.
τοῖς δʼ ἐκ τοῦ συνεδρίου πολλὰ βουλευσαμένοις ἔδοξε δέχεσθαι μὲν τοὺς ἄνδρας εἰς φιλίαν, ἐφʼ οἷς δὲ γενήσονται δικαίοις αἱ πρὸς αὐτοὺς συνθῆκαι, Κάσσιον τὸν ὕπατον γνῶναί τε καὶ στῆσαι, ὅ τι δʼ ἂν ἐκείνῳ δόξῃ, τοῦτʼ εἶναι σφίσι κύριον.
Those of the council, having deliberated much, resolved to receive the men into friendship, but that Cassius the consul should determine and establish upon what terms the treaty with them should be made, and that whatever should seem good to him should be valid for them.

Notes

  1. 1671κλήρῳ διαλαχόντες τὰς ἐξόδους — An appositive participle phrase referring to the subject "Publius Verginius and Spurius Cassius." It stands in parallel with the preceding participles παραλαβόντες and ἀναλαβόντες, expressing the manner or attendant circumstance of the main verb ἐξῆγον.
  2. p.v.3p.229οὐ μὴν ἔμεινάν γʼ ἐν τοῖς ἐγνωσμένοις... οἴκτῳ ὑπαχθέντες, καὶ... ἀπιστοῦντες — Two participle clauses of different voices and tenses (the aorist passive participle ὑπαχθέντες and the present active participle ἀπιστοῦντες) are coordinated by καί to express the reasons for the main verb ἔμειναν ("not abiding by...").
  3. 1672τὰ τῶν κεκρατημένων τε καὶ ὑπηκόων ποιήσαντας — An accusative participle phrase agreeing with αὐτούς, the subject of the infinitive διαλέγεσθαι. The neuter plural article τὰ functions substantively as "the duties/conduct" and governs the genitives κεκρατημένων τε καὶ ὑπηκόων.
  4. 1673ἐφʼ οἷς δὲ γενήσονται δικαίοις αἱ πρὸς αὐτοὺς συνθῆκαι — A relative clause where the antecedent δίκαια is incorporated into the clause and attracted to the case of the relative pronoun οἷς. Reconstructed as ἐπὶ τοῖς δικαίοις, ἐφʼ οἷς..., meaning "upon what terms...".

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §8.68.1-8.68.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.68.1-8.68.4

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