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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §8.33.1-8.33.4

Marcius on Divine Favor and the Perils of Betrayal

Passage 611 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Marcius points to his series of victories as a sign of divine favor confirming his piety, warning that if he betrays the Volscians, the inexorable Furies will torment his soul and body as divine punishment.

§8.33.1ἴθι δὴ σκόπει καὶ τὰ παρὰ θεῶν, Μηνύκιε, οἷά μοι νῦν τʼ ἀπήντηται καί, ἐὰν ἄρα πεισθεὶς ὑμῖν προδῶ τὴν τούτων πίστιν, οἷα τὸν λοιπὸν ὑπάρξει μοι βίον.
Come now, Minucius, consider also the things from the gods: what kind of things have met me now, and, if indeed I am persuaded by you and betray the faith of these people, what kind of things will await me for the rest of my life.
νῦν μέν γε πάσης πράξεως, ἧς ἂν ἅψωμαι καθʼ ὑμῶν, συλλαμβάνουσί μοι, καὶ οὐδεμιᾶς πείρας ἀποτυγχάνω.
For now at least, in every action that I undertake against you, they assist me, and I fail in no attempt.
§8.33.2καὶ τοῦτο πηλίκον οἴεσθε εἶναι τεκμήριον εὐσεβείας τῆς ἐμῆς;
And how great a proof of my piety do you think this is?
εἰ γὰρ δὴ κατὰ τῆς πατρίδος οὐχ ὅσιον ἐγὼ πόλεμον ἐνεστησάμην, ἅπαντα χρῆν ἐναντία μοι γίνεσθαι τὰ παρὰ θεῶν· ὁπότε δʼ οὐρίῳ πνεούσῃ κέχρημαι τῇ περὶ τοὺς πολέμους τύχῃ, καὶ ὁπόσοις ἂν ἐπιβάλωμαι πράγμασι κατʼ ὀρθὸν ἅπαντά μοι χωρεῖ, δῆλον ὅτι εὐσεβής εἰμι ἀνὴρ καὶ §8.33.3πράξεις προῄρημαι καλάς.
For if indeed I had begun an unholy war against my fatherland, all things from the gods ought to have turned out contrary to me; but since I enjoy a favorable wind in the fortune of war, and in whatever tasks I undertake, everything goes well for me, it is clear that I am a pious man and have chosen noble deeds.
τί οὖν, ἐὰν μεταβάλωμαι καὶ τὰ μὲν ὑμέτερα αὔξειν, τὰ δὲ τούτων ταπεινὰ ποιεῖν ζητῶ, γενήσεταί μοι;
What then will happen to me if I change and seek to increase your power while making theirs humble?
ἆρʼ οὐχὶ τἀναντία, καὶ πονηρὰν νέμεσιν ἕξω παρὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου τοῖς ἠδικημένοις τιμωρόν, καὶ ὥσπερ ἐκ ταπεινοῦ μέγας διὰ τοὺς θεοὺς ἐγενόμην, οὕτως αὖθις ἐκ μεγάλου ταπεινὸς γενήσομαι, καὶ τἀμὰ παθήματα παιδεύματα γενήσεται τοῖς ἄλλοις;
Will it not be the opposite, and will I not have a terrible vengeance from the divinity as an avenger for those who are wronged, and just as I became great from a humble state through the gods, so shall I again become humble from a great state, and my sufferings will become lessons for others?
§8.33.4ἐμοὶ μὲν ταῦτα παρίσταται περὶ τοῦ δαιμονίου φρονεῖν, καὶ πείθομαί γε τὰς ἐρινύας ἐκείνας τὰς φοβερὰς καὶ ἀπαραιτήτους τοῖς ἀνόσιόν τι διαπραξαμένοις, ὧν καὶ σὺ ἐμνήσθης, ὦ Μηνύκιε, τότε μοι παρακολουθήσειν ψυχήν τε καὶ σῶμα αἰκιζομένας, ὅταν ἐγκαταλίπω καὶ προδῶ τοὺς σώσαντάς με ἀπολωλότα ὑφʼ ὑμῶν καὶ μετὰ τοῦ σῶσαι πολλὰς καὶ καλὰς προσθέντας εὐεργεσίας, οἷς ἐγγυητὰς ἔδωκα θεούς, ὡς ἐπʼ οὐδενὶ κακῷ τὴν ἄφιξιν ποιησάμενος καὶ φυλάξων τὴν εἰς τόδε χρόνου καθαρὰν καὶ ἀμίαντον συνοῦσάν μοι πίστιν.
To me, indeed, it occurs to think these things concerning the divinity, and I am persuaded that those terrible and inexorable Furies to those who have committed an unholy deed—whom you too mentioned, Minucius—will then follow me, tormenting both my soul and body, whenever I desert and betray those who saved me when I was destroyed by you, and who, along with saving me, added many noble benefits, to whom I gave the gods as guarantors that I made my arrival with no evil intent and that I would guard my faith which has been with me, pure and unstained, up to this time.

Notes

  1. §8.33.2οὐρίῳ πνεούσῃ κέχρημαι τῇ περὶ τοὺς πολέμους τύχῃ — The adjective οὐρίῳ is grammatically masculine/neuter dative, but here it either agrees with the feminine dative noun τύχῃ (or an implied πνοῇ, 'breeze') acting as a two-termination adjective, or functions as an adverbial dative meaning 'with a favorable wind'. In either case, the phrase metaphorically expresses 'enjoying a favorable wind in the fortune of war.'
  2. §8.33.4πείθομαί γε τὰς ἐρινύας ... τότε μοι παρακολουθήσειν ψυχήν τε καὶ σῶμα αἰκιζομένας — An accusative with infinitive construction governed by the verb πείθομαι ('I am persuaded/convinced'). The subject accusative is τὰς ἐρινύας, and the infinitive is the future παρακολουθήσειν. The present participle αἰκιζομένας is also in the accusative (feminine plural) to agree with the subject, denoting circumstantial action ('tormenting').
  3. §8.33.4ὡς ἐπʼ οὐδενὶ κακῷ τὴν ἄφιξιν ποιησάμενος καὶ φυλάξων — The nominative participles ποιησάμενος (aorist) and φυλάξων (future) agree with the subject of the main verb ἔδωκα (first-person singular, 'I'). The conjunction ὡς with participles is used adverbially to express the intent, condition, or grounds of the oath ('on the ground that I made... and would guard...').

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §8.33.1-8.33.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.33.1-8.33.4

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