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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §8.3.1-8.3.3

False Accusation and Expulsion of the Volscians

Passage 581 of 962 · Greek

Summary

In accordance with Tullus and Marcius's plot, against the backdrop of the suspicious gathering of Volscian youth in Rome, a prepared informer accuses them of a fake night attack. Believing this, the Roman senate decrees the immediate expulsion of the Volscians.

§8.3.1ὡς δʼ ἤκουσε ταῦθʼ ὁ Τύλλος, ὑπερηγάσθη τε καὶ τὸν παρόντα καιρὸν τῆς στρατείας ἀναβαλόμενος περὶ τὴν παρασκευὴν ἐγίνετο τοῦ πολέμου.
When Tullus heard this, he was exceedingly pleased and, postponing the present opportunity for the campaign, set about the preparation for the war.
ἐπεὶ δὲ καθῆκεν ὁ τῆς ἀρχῆς καιρός, Ἰουλίου τε καὶ Πιναρίου τὴν ὑπατείαν ἤδη παρειληφότων, ἡ κρατίστη τῶν Οὐολούσκων νεότης ἐξ ἁπάσης πόλεως, ὡς ὁ Τύλλος ἠξίου, παρῆν ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν ἀγώνων θέαν·
And when the time for the festival arrived, Julius and Pinarius having already taken over the consulship, the finest of the Volscian youth from every city, as Tullus had requested, were present for the spectacle of the games.
καὶ κατεσκήνουν οἱ πλείους ἐν ἱεροῖς τε καὶ δημοσίοις τόποις οὐκ ἔχοντες καταγωγὰς ἐν οἰκίαις τε καὶ παρὰ ξένοις, καὶ ὁπότε διὰ τῶν στενωπῶν πορεύοιντο κατὰ συστροφὰς καὶ ἑταιρίας ἀθρόοι διεξῄεσαν, ὥστε καὶ λόγον ἤδη γίνεσθαι περὶ αὐτῶν ἀνὰ τὴν πόλιν καὶ ὑποψίας ἀτόπους.
Most of them, having no lodging in private houses or with guest-friends, encamped in temples and public places; and whenever they went through the narrow streets, they passed along in crowds and companies all together, so that talk about them and strange suspicions were already arising throughout the city.
§8.3.2ἐν δὲ τούτῳ προσέρχεται τοῖς ὑπάτοις ὁ κατασκευασθεὶς ὑπὸ τοῦ Τύλλου μηνυτής, ὡς ὁ Μάρκιος ὑπέθετο, καὶ ὡς δὴ ἀπόρρητον πρᾶξιν κατὰ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ φίλων ἐχθροῖς μέλλων ἐκφέρειν ὅρκοις καταλαμβάνεται τοὺς ὑπάτους ὑπὲρ ἀσφαλείας τε τῆς αὐτὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦ μηδένα Οὐολούσκων μαθεῖν, ὅστις ἦν ὁ τὴν μήνυσιν κατʼ αὐτῶν πεποιημένος.
Meanwhile, the informer prepared by Tullus, as Marcius had suggested, came to the consuls, and pretending that he was about to reveal to enemies a secret design against his own friends, he bound the consuls by oaths for his own safety and to ensure that no Volscian should learn who it was that had made the information against them.
καὶ μετὰ τοῦτʼ ἐκφέρει τὴν περὶ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως τῆς κατεψευσμένης μήνυσιν.
And after this, he brought out the false information about the attack.
§8.3.3ἐδόκει τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἀληθὴς εἶναι ὁ λόγος, καὶ αὐτίκα ἡ βουλὴ κατʼ ἄνδρα ὑπὸ τῶν ὑπάτων κληθεῖσα συνῆκτο, καὶ παραχθεὶς ὁ μηνυτὴς τοὺς αὐτοὺς εἶπε καὶ πρὸς ἐκείνην τὰ πιστὰ λαβὼν λόγους.
The story seemed true to the men, and immediately the senate, summoned man by man by the consuls, was assembled; and the informer, being brought in, told the same story to them also after receiving pledges of faith.
τοῖς δὲ καὶ πάλαι μὲν εἶναι τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐδόκει μεστὸν ὑποψίας τοσαύτην νεότητα ἐξ ἑνὸς ἔθνους διαφόρου σφίσιν ἐπὶ τὴν θέαν παρελθεῖν, προσελθούσης δὲ μηνύσεως, ἧς τὴν ἀπάτην ἠγνόουν, ἰσχὺν βεβαίαν ἡ δόξα ἔλαβεν, ἐδόκει θʼ ἅπασιν ἀπαλλάττειν τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐκ τῆς πόλεως πρὶν ἥλιον δῦναι, τοῖς δὲ μὴ πεισθεῖσιν ἐπικηρύξαι θάνατον, ἐπιμεληθῆναι δὲ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς αὐτῶν, ἵνα χωρὶς ὕβρεως καὶ μετʼ ἀσφαλείας γένοιτο, τοὺς ὑπάτους.
To the senators indeed, the fact that so great a body of youth from a single nation at variance with them had come for the spectacle had long seemed full of suspicion; but when the information came, of whose deceit they were ignorant, their opinion received firm strength, and it was resolved by all to remove the men from the city before sunset, to proclaim death for those who did not obey, and that the consuls should take charge of their departure, so that it might take place without insolence and with safety.

Notes

  1. 8.3.2ὡς δὴ ἀπόρρητον πρᾶξιν κατὰ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ φίλων ἐχθροῖς μέλλων ἐκφέρειν — The particle combination ὡς δή with a participle (here μέλλων) indicates a subjective pretext or pretense, meaning "under the pretense of intending to...". It highlights the informer's act of playing the reluctant betrayer.
  2. 8.3.2τοῦ μηδένα Οὐολούσκων μαθεῖν — The genitive article τοῦ introducing the infinitive clause (with μηδένα as its subject accusative) expresses either purpose ("so that no one might...") or the specific content of the oath imposed on the consuls.
  3. 8.3.3τοῖς δὲ καὶ πάλαι μὲν εἶναι τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐδόκει μεστὸν ὑποψίας τοσαύτην νεότητα ἐξ ἑνὸς ἔθνους διαφόρου σφίσιν ἐπὶ τὴν θέαν παρελθεῖν — The subject of ἐδόκει (used impersonally as "it seemed") is the accusative and infinitive clause τοσαύτην νεότητα ... παρελθεῖν ("that so great a youth had arrived"). τοῖς δὲ (to them, i.e., the senators) is a dative of agent/reference.
  4. 1510ἐπιμεληθῆναι δὲ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς αὐτῶν, ἵνα χωρὶς ὕβρεως καὶ μετʼ ἀσφαλείας γένοιτο, τοὺς ὑπάτους — This is the last of a series of infinitives (ἀπαλλάττειν, ἐπικηρύξαι, ἐπιμεληθῆναι) dependent on the opening ἐδόκει θʼ ἅπασιν ("and it was resolved by all"). While the subjects of the first two infinitives are implied, the subject accusative for the final infinitive, τοὺς ὑπάτους, is explicitly placed at the very end of the sentence.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §8.3.1-8.3.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.3.1-8.3.3

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