Humanitext Reader

Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §7.48.1-7.48.4

Appius' Critique of Conciliation and Promise of Reform

Passage 550 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Appius Claudius speaks, pointing out that the Senate's policy of reconciliation has failed, and declares that, rather than blaming them for their errors, he will propose measures to save the state, regardless of the personal danger to himself.

§7.48.1ἐβουλόμην μὲν ἂν ἔγωγε καὶ τοῖς θεοῖς ηὐξάμην πολλάκις ἐμαυτὸν μὲν ἁμαρτεῖν τῆς γνώμης, ἣν εἶχον ὑπὲρ τῶν πρὸς τὸν δῆμον διαλύσεων, ὡς οὔτε καλὴν καὶ δικαίαν οὔτε συμφέρουσαν ἡμῖν ὑπελάμβανον ἔσεσθαι τὴν τῶν φυγάδων κάθοδον καὶ διὰ παντός, ὁσάκις περὶ τούτου προὐτέθη σκοπεῖν, πρῶτός τε τῶν ἄλλων καὶ τελευτῶν μόνος, ἐπειδὴ οἱ λοιποὶ ἀπέστησαν, ἠναντιούμην· ὑμᾶς δʼ, ὦ βουλή, τοὺς ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττω τὴν ἐλπίδα λαμβάνοντας καὶ πάντα τῷ δήμῳ δίκαιά τε καὶ ἄδικα προθύμως χαριζομένους ἄμεινον ἐμοῦ δόξαι φρονεῖν.
For my part, I should have wished, and I often prayed to the gods, that I myself might be mistaken in the opinion I held regarding the reconciliation with the people—since I supposed that the return of the exiles would be neither honorable and just nor advantageous to us, and constantly, as often as it was proposed to consider this matter, I opposed it, first of all others and at last alone when the rest withdrew—and that you, senators, who place your hopes in the better course and eagerly gratify the people in all things, both just and unjust, should be seen to have been wiser than I.
§7.48.2ἐπειδὴ δʼ οὐχ, ὡς ἐβουλόμην τε καὶ τοῖς θεοῖς ηὐχόμην, τὰ πράγματα ὑμῖν κεχώρηκεν, ἀλλʼ ὡς ᾤμην, καὶ περιεστήκασιν αἱ χάριτες ὑμῖν εἰς φθόνους καὶ μίση, τὸ μὲν ἐπιτιμᾶν τοῖς ἡμαρτημένοις ὑμῖν καὶ λυπεῖν ὑμᾶς διὰ κενῆς, ὃ ῥᾷστόν ἐστι καὶ πᾶσιν ὡς τὰ πολλὰ ποιεῖν σύνηθες, οὐκ ἐν καιρῷ νυνὶ γενησόμενον ὁρῶν ἐάσω.
But since things have not turned out for you as I wished and prayed to the gods, but as I expected, and your favors have turned into jealousy and hatred against you, I shall refrain from censuring you for your errors and causing you vain regret, which is the easiest thing to do and a common habit with almost everyone, seeing that this would not be opportune at the present time.
ἐξ ὧν δὲ τά τε παρελθόντα ἐπανορθωσόμεθα, ὅσα μὴ παντάπασιν ἀνιάτως ἔχει, καὶ περὶ τῶν παρόντων ἄμεινον φρονήσομεν, §7.48.3ταῦτα πειράσομαι λέγειν.
On the other hand, the means by which we shall both correct the past, as far as it is not altogether incurable, and take better counsel concerning the present, these I shall endeavor to state.
καίτοι με οὐ λέληθεν, ὅτι μαίνεσθαι καὶ θανατᾶν δόξω τισὶν ὑμῶν γνώμην περὶ τούτων ἐλευθέραν ἀποφαινόμενος ἐνθυμουμένοις, ἡλίκους ἔχει κινδύνους ὁ μετὰ παρρησίας λόγος, καὶ τὰς Μαρκίου συμφοράς, ὃς οὐ διʼ ἕτερόν τι νυνὶ τὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀγῶνα τρέχει, λογιζομένοις.
And yet, I am well aware that I shall seem to some of you to be mad and to have a longing for death in declaring a free opinion on these matters, when they reflect on how great are the dangers that outspoken speech carries, and when they consider the misfortunes of Marcius, who for no other reason is now running the race for his life.
§7.48.4ἀλλʼ οὐκ οἴομαι δεῖν τῆς ἰδίας ἀσφαλείας πλείω ποιεῖσθαι πρόνοιαν ἢ τῆς κοινῆς ὠφελείας.
But I do not think that I ought to take greater forethought for my own safety than for the common benefit.
δέδοται γὰρ ἤδη τοῖς ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κινδύνοις τὸ σῶμα τοὐμόν, ὦ βουλή, καὶ καθωσίωται τοῖς ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως ἀγῶσιν, ὥστε ὅ τι ἂν τῷ δαίμονι δοκῇ, μετὰ πάντων τε καὶ σὺν ὀλίγοις, εἰ δʼ ἀνάγκη καὶ μόνος εὐγενῶς πείσομαι· ἕως δʼ ἂν ἔχω τὴν ψυχήν, οὐδείς με ἀφέξει φόβος μὴ οὐχ ἃ φρονῶ λέγειν.
For my body, senators, has already been given up to the dangers on your behalf, and is consecrated to the struggles for the state; so that whatever pleases the deity, whether in company with all, or with a few, or, if necessity demands, even alone, I shall endure it nobly; and as long as I have breath, no fear shall keep me from speaking what I think.

Notes

  1. §7.48.1ἐβουλόμην μὲν ἂν — The imperfect indicative ἐβουλόμην with the particle ἄν expresses an unrealized wish in the present or past ('I should have wished', though the reality was otherwise). The subject of the infinitive governed by this construction is split into the contrasting pair: ἐμαυτὸν μὲν ἁμαρτεῖν ('that I myself might be mistaken') and ὑμᾶς δʼ ... δόξαι φρονεῖν ('and that you ... should be seen to have been wiser').
  2. §7.48.1ἣν εἶχον — The relative pronoun ἣν refers back to τῆς γνώμης. This relative clause is highly complex: after the parenthetical ὡς clause explaining the reason, the relative construction continues with the verb ἠναντιούμην ('I opposed') connected by καί. Thus, the single relative pronoun ἣν governs both εἶχον (as its direct object) and ἠναντιούμην (which normally takes a genitive, here understood through the attraction of the relative structure).
  3. §7.48.3ἐνθυμουμένοις — The dative participles ἐνθυμουμένοις and λογιζομένοις (connected by καί) modify the preceding dative pronoun τισὶν ὑμῶν ('to some of you'). They function attributively or circumstantially: 'to some of you, who reflect upon... and consider...'.
  4. §7.48.4μὴ οὐχ ἃ φρονῶ λέγειν — The double negative μὴ οὐ with the infinitive λέγειν is used after a verb or expression of negative meaning (here, οὐδείς με ἀφέξει φόβος, 'no fear shall keep/prevent me'). The construction functions to express a prevented action that is itself denied, resulting in a strong positive meaning: 'no fear shall prevent me from speaking what I think.'

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §7.48.1-7.48.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:7.48.1-7.48.4

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