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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §6.66.1-6.66.4

Consuls Dismiss the Senate and Warn of a Popular Vote

Passage 472 of 962 · Greek

Summary

After the clamour subsides, the consuls dismiss the senate while rebuking the insolence of the youth, and declare that if the contention persists, they will exclude the young from political counsel and refer the final decision on peace and war to a vote of the people in accordance with ancestral law.

§6.66.1λωφήσαντος δὲ τοῦ θορύβου καὶ σιωπῆς γενομένης σὺν χρόνῳ διαλεχθέντες τι πρὸς αὑτοὺς οἱ ὕπατοι τέλος ἐξήνεγκαν τῆς ἑαυτῶν γνώμης τοιόνδε· ἡμεῖς, ὦ βουλή, μάλιστα μὲν ἠξιοῦμεν ἅπαντας ὑμᾶς ὁμογνωμονεῖν, ἄλλως τε καὶ ταῦτα περὶ κοινῆς σωτηρίας βουλευομένους·
When the clamour had subsided and silence was at length restored, the consuls, after conferring briefly with each other, finally delivered their opinion as follows: "Senators, we indeed desired above all things that you should all be of one mind, especially when deliberating on the common safety.
εἰ δὲ μή, τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις ὑμῶν εἴκειν τοὺς νεωτέρους καὶ μὴ φιλονεικεῖν ἐνθυμουμένους, ὅτι κἀκείνοις εἰς ταύτην ἐλθοῦσι τὴν ἡλικίαν τῆς ἴσης ὑπάρξει τυγχάνειν τιμῆς παρὰ τῶν ἐγγόνων.
But if not, we desired that the younger among you should yield to the elder and not be contentious, reflecting that when they themselves reach that age, it will be assured for them to receive the same respect from their descendants.
ἐπεὶ δʼ ὁρῶμεν εἰς ἔριν ὑμᾶς ἐκπεπτωκότας ὀλεθριωτάτην τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων νόσων καὶ πολλὴν τὴν αὐθάδειαν ὁμιλοῦσαν ὑμῶν τοῖς νέοις, νῦν μὲν ἐπεὶ βραχὺ τὸ λειπόμενόν ἐστι τῆς ἡμέρας καὶ οὐκ ἂν δύναιτο τέλος ἐν τούτῳ λαβεῖν τὰ δόξαντα ὑμῖν, ἄπιτʼ ἐκ τοῦ συνεδρίου· εἰς δὲ τὸν ἐπιόντα σύλλογον ἥξετε μετριώτεροι γενόμενοι καὶ γνώμας ἔχοντες ἀμείνους.
But since we see that you have fallen into contention, the most destructive of human diseases, and that much insolence is rife among your youth, for the present, since what remains of the day is short and your resolutions could not reach an end within this time, depart from the senate-house; and you shall come to the next assembly having become more moderate and bringing better counsels.
§6.66.2εἰ δὲ παραμενεῖ τὸ φιλόνεικον ὑμῖν, νέοις μὲν οὔτε δικασταῖς οὔτε συμβούλοις ἔτι τῶν συμφερόντων χρησόμεθα, ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰς τὸ λοιπὸν ἀνείρξομεν αὐτῶν τὴν ἀκοσμίαν νόμῳ τάξαντες ἀριθμὸν ἐτῶν, ὃν δεήσει τοὺς βουλεύσοντας ἔχειν·
But if your contentiousness remains, we shall no longer employ the young either as judges or as advisers on matters of state, but we shall also restrain their disorderliness for the future by fixing by law the number of years which those who are to be senators must have attained.
τοῖς δὲ πρεσβυτέροις ἀποδόντες λόγον αὖθις, ἐὰν μηδὲν συμφέρωνται ταῖς γνώμαις, ταχείᾳ τὴν φιλονεικίαν αὐτῶν λύσομεν ὁδῷ, ἣν ἄμεινόν ἐστιν ὑμᾶς προακοῦσαι καὶ μαθεῖν.
And restoring the floor to the elders, if they do not agree in their opinions at all, we shall resolve their contention by a speedy way, which it is better for you to hear of and learn beforehand.
§6.66.3ἴστε δήπου νόμον ἡμῖν ὑπάρχοντα, ἐξ οὗ τήνδε οἰκοῦμεν τὴν πόλιν, πάντων εἶναι κυρίαν τὴν βουλήν, πλὴν ἀρχὰς ἀποδεῖξαι καὶ νόμους ψηφίσαι καὶ πόλεμον ἐξενεγκεῖν ἢ τὸν συνεστῶτα καταλύσασθαι· τούτων δὲ τῶν τριῶν τὸν δῆμον ἔχειν τὴν ἐξουσίαν ψῆφον ἐπιφέροντα.
You surely know the law which has been in force among us since we first inhabited this city, that the senate is sovereign in all things, except in appointing magistrates, enacting laws, and declaring war or terminating one that is on foot; and that in these three matters the people have the authority, giving their votes.
ἐν δὲ τῷ παρόντι οὐχ ὑπὲρ ἑτέρου τινὸς ἢ πολέμου καὶ εἰρήνης βουλευόμεθα, ὥστε πολλὴ ἀνάγκη τὸν δῆμον ἐπικυρῶσαι τὰς ἡμετέρας γνώμας ψήφου γενόμενον κύριον.
At present, we are deliberating on nothing other than war and peace, so that there is great necessity for the people to ratify our opinions, becoming masters of the vote.
§6.66.4παραγγείλαντες δὴ τῷ πλήθει παρεῖναι κατὰ τόνδε τὸν νόμον εἰς τὴν ἀγοράν, ἐπειδὰν ὑμεῖς ἀποδείξησθε τὰς γνώμας, ἀποδώσομεν αὐτῷ τὴν ψῆφον, οὕτως ἂν μάλιστα νομίσαντες ἀρθῆναι τὴν ἔριν ὑμῶν· ὅ τι δʼ ἂν οἱ πλείους ψηφίσωνται, τοῦθʼ ἡγησόμεθα κύριον.
Therefore, having ordered the multitude to be present in the forum according to this law, after you have declared your opinions, we shall hand over the vote to them, believing that in this way your contention would be most effectively removed; and whatever the majority shall vote, this we shall hold as sovereign.
ἄξιοι δὲ δήπου ταύτης εἰσὶ τῆς τιμῆς τυγχάνειν οἱ διαμένοντες εὖνοι τῇ πόλει καὶ μέλλοντες ἰσομοιρεῖν ἡμῖν κακῶν τε καὶ ἀγαθῶν.
And indeed, those are worthy of this privilege who continue to be well-disposed to the state and are resolved to share equally with us both in adversity and in prosperity."

Notes

  1. 1191ὅτι κἀκείνοις εἰς ταύτην ἐλθοῦσι τὴν ἡλικίαν τῆς ἴσης ὑπάρξει τυγχάνειν τιμῆς — The word ὑπάρξει is not the dative singular of the noun ὕπαρξις, but the third person singular future indicative of the verb ὑπάρχω. The infinitive τυγχάνειν acts as the subject, expressing in the ὅτι-clause that 'it will be possible (or granted) for them, when they reach that age, to obtain the same respect'.
  2. 1191ἐνθυμούμενοι — The participle is in the nominative plural, although grammatically it refers to the accusative τοὺς νεωτέρους, which is the subject of the infinitive εἴκειν. This shift to the nominative (anacoluthon) occurs because the speaker (the consuls) addresses the young men in the audience directly in thought.
  3. p.v.2p.361νέοις μὲν οὔτε δικασταῖς οὔτε συμβούλοις ἔτι τῶν συμφερόντων χρησόμεθα — The verb χρησόμεθα (future of χράομαι) takes the dative object νέοις. The phrase οὔτε δικασταῖς οὔτε συμβούλοις functions as predicate datives to this object ('we shall use the young neither as judges nor as advisers').
  4. 1192οὕτως ἂν μάλιστα νομίσαντες ἀρθῆναι τὴν ἔριν ὑμῶν — The particle ἂν does not go with the participle νομίσαντες, but with the following infinitive ἀρθῆναι (aorist passive infinitive of αἴρω), adding a potential or conditional force to it ('believing that in this way your contention would be most effectively removed').

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §6.66.1-6.66.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:6.66.1-6.66.4

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