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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §5.72.1-5.72.3

Nomination of Lartius as Dictator by Cloelius

Passage 401 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Based on the senate's resolution, a process is proposed where the two consuls decide who should be appointed as the supreme commander. Both consuls insist on nominating the other, but eventually, Cloelius declares Lartius appointed and resigns from his office.

§5.72.1ἐπαινεσάντων δὲ τὴν γνώμην ἁπάντων μετὰ τοῦτον ἀναστὰς ἕτερος εἶπεν· ἐμοὶ δʼ, ὦ βουλή, δοκεῖ καὶ τοῦτʼ ἔτι προστεθῆναι τῇ γνώμῃ, δυεῖν ἀνδρῶν κρατίστων εἰς τόδε χρόνου τὰ κοινὰ διοικούντων, ὧν οὐκ ἂν εὕροιτε ἀμείνους, τὸν μὲν ἕτερον αὐτῶν κύριον ἀποδειχθῆναι τῆς ἀναρρήσεως, τὸν δʼ ἕτερον ὑπὸ τοῦ συνάρχοντος αἱρεθῆναι διαγνόντων αὐτῶν ἐν ἀλλήλοις τὸν ἐπιτηδειότερον· ἵνα αὐτοῖς περιγένηται σὺν τῷ τιμίῳ καὶ τὸ χαῖρον ἴσον, τῷ μὲν ὅτι τὸν συνάρχοντα κράτιστον ἀπέφηνε, τῷ δʼ ὅτι πρὸς τοῦ συνάρχοντος ἄριστος ἐκρίθη· ἡδὺ γὰρ καὶ καλὸν ἑκάτερον.
\nWhen all had approved of this opinion, another rose after him and said: "To me, O senate, it seems well that this further point also be added to the opinion: since two excellent men have managed public affairs up to this time, than whom you could not find better, that one of them should be declared to have authority over the announcement, and the other should be chosen by his colleague, after they themselves have decided between each other who is the more suitable; so that, together with the honor, an equal joy may accrue to them—to the one because he declared his colleague to be the best, and to the other because he was judged the best by his colleague; for each of these is pleasant and honorable.
οἶδα μὲν οὖν, ὅτι καὶ μὴ προστεθέντος τῇ γνώμῃ τοῦδε τοῦ μέρους, αὐτοῖς ἂν ἐφάνη τοῖς ἀνδράσιν οὕτως ποιεῖν· κρεῖττον δὲ τὸ μηδʼ ὑμῶν ἕτερόν τι βουλομένων. §5.72.2ἐδόκει καὶ τοῦτο κατὰ νοῦν ἅπασιν εἰρῆσθαι· καὶ οὐθενὸς ἔτι τῇ γνώμῃ προστεθέντος ἐπικυροῦται τὸ δόγμα.
Now, I know indeed that even if this part had not been added to the opinion, it would have seemed good to the men themselves to act in this way; but it is better that not even you should appear to wish for anything else."\n\nThis also seemed to be spoken according to the mind of all; and when nothing further was added to the opinion, the decree was ratified.
ὡς δὲ παρέλαβον τὴν ἐξουσίαν οἱ ὕπατοι τοῦ διαγνῶναι, πότερος ἐξ αὐτῶν ἄρχειν ἐστὶν ἐπιτηδειότερος, θαυμαστόν τι καὶ παρὰ πάσας τὰς ἀνθρωπίνας ὑπολήψεις πρᾶγμα ἐποίουν.
But when the consuls received the authority to decide which of them was more suitable to rule, they did a wonderful thing and contrary to all human expectations.
οὐ γὰρ ἑαυτὸν ἑκάτερος ἄξιον ἀπέφαινε τῆς ἡγεμονίας, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἕτερον· καὶ κατέτριψαν ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ἐκείνην τὰς ἀλλήλων ἀρετὰς ἐξαριθμούμενοι καὶ λιπαροῦντες μὴ λαβεῖν αὐτοὶ τὴν ἀρχήν, ὥστε ἐν πολλῇ γενέσθαι τοὺς ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ παρόντας ἀμηχανίᾳ. §5.72.3διαλυθείσης δὲ τῆς βουλῆς οἱ προσήκοντες κατὰ γένος ἑκατέρῳ, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων βουλευτῶν οἱ ἐντιμότατοι πρὸς τὸν Λάρκιον ἀφικόμενοι πολλὰς ἐποιοῦντο τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἄχρι πολλῆς νυκτὸς δεήσεις διδάσκοντες, ὡς ἐν ἐκείνῳ τὰς ἐλπίδας ἡ βουλὴ τέθειται πάσας, καὶ τὸ ἀσπούδαστον αὐτοῦ περὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν πονηρὸν εἶναι τῷ κοινῷ λέγοντες.
For each of them declared, not himself, but the other worthy of the leadership; and they spent that whole day enumerating each other's virtues and pleading that they themselves should not receive the office, so that those present in the senate were thrown into great perplexity.\n\n When the senate was dismissed, the relatives by birth of each, and the most honored of the other senators, came to Lartius and made many entreaties to the man until late at night, showing him that the senate had placed all its hopes in him, and saying that his lack of eagerness for the office was harmful to the common wealth.
ὁ δʼ ἦν ἀτενὴς καὶ πολλὰ ἐν μέρει δεόμενός τε καὶ ἀντιβολῶν ἕκαστον διετέλει.
But he remained obstinate, and continued in his turn begging and imploring each of them.
τῇ δʼ ἑξῆς ἡμέρᾳ πάλιν τοῦ συνεδρίου συναχθέντος, ἐπειδὴ καὶ τότε διεμάχετο καὶ πειθόμενος ὑπὸ πάντων οὐκ ἀφίστατο τῆς γνώμης, ἀναστὰς ὁ Κλοίλιος ἀναγορεύει τʼ αὐτόν, ὥσπερ εἰώθεσαν ποιεῖν οἱ μεσοβασιλεῖς, καὶ τὴν ὑπατείαν αὐτὸς ἐξόμνυται.
On the following day, when the senate was assembled again, since even then he fought against it and, though urged by all, did not depart from his opinion, Cloelius rose and declared him appointed, just as the interreges were accustomed to do, and he himself resigned his consulship under oath.

Notes

  1. 5.72.1δυεῖν ἀνδρῶν — `δυεῖν ἀνδρῶν` stands at the beginning of the clause as an introductory genitive of topic, which is subsequently picked up by the partitive genitive `αὐτῶν` within the accusative-and-infinitive construction (`τὸν μὲν ἕτερον αὐτῶν...`). It functions to establish the subject of the proposal.
  2. 5.72.1βουλομένων — `μηδʼ ὑμῶν ... βουλομένων` is a genitive absolute construction where the negative `μηδὲ` qualifies `ἕτερόν τι` ('anything else'), meaning 'with not even any of you wishing for anything else [other than this proposal].'
  3. 5.72.3ἐξόμνυται — Used as a historical present. It literally means 'to resign under oath,' referring to the formal Roman practice of abdication (*abdicatio*), where Cloelius formally laid down his consular office after appointing his colleague.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §5.72.1-5.72.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.72.1-5.72.3

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