§5.65.1ἐξαριθμησάμενος δὲ πολλὰ καὶ ἐκ πολλῶν παραδείγματα πόλεων τελευταίαν παρέσχετο τὴν Ἀθηναίων πόλιν μεγίστου τότε τυγχάνουσαν ὀνόματος ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ, οὐ πρὸ πολλῶν χρόνων, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τοὺς πατέρας αὐτῶν ἄφεσιν χρεῶν ψηφισαμένην τοῖς ἀπόροις Σόλωνος καθηγησαμένου, καὶ οὐθένα τῇ πόλει τοῦ πολιτεύματος τούτου ἐπιτιμᾶν οὐδὲ τὸν εἰσηγησάμενον αὐτὸ δημοκόπον καὶ πονηρὸν ἀποκαλεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς πεισθεῖσι πολλὴν φρόνησιν ἅπαντας μαρτυρεῖν, καὶ §5.65.2τῷ πείσαντι μεγάλην σοφίαν.
And having enumerated many examples from many cities, as the last he produced the city of the Athenians, which happened then to have the greatest reputation for wisdom, not long before, but in the time of their fathers, having voted a cancellation of debts for the poor under the leadership of Solon; and he said that no one censured the city for this policy, nor called the one who introduced it a demagogue and a wicked man, but rather that all men testified to the great prudence of those who complied, and to the great wisdom of the one who persuaded them.
Ῥωμαίοις δʼ, οἷς οὐ περὶ μικρῶν τὸν κίνδυνον εἶναι διαφορῶν, ἀλλʼ ὑπὲρ τοῦ μὴ παραδοθῆναι πάλιν ὠμῷ καὶ παντὸς χείρονι θηρίου τυράννῳ, τίς τῶν νοῦν ἐχόντων ἐπιτιμήσειεν ἄν, ἐὰν τῇ φιλανθρωπίᾳ ταύτῃ συμμάχους ἀντὶ πολεμίων τοὺς πένητας κατασκευάσωνται τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι;
But for Romans, whose danger was not about small differences, but for the sake of not being delivered up again to a cruel tyrant worse than any beast, who of those who have sense would censure them if, by this kindness, they should make the poor become allies to the city instead of enemies?
§5.65.3διεξελθὼν δὲ τὰ ξενικὰ παραδείγματα τελευταῖον τὸν ἐκ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἔργων προσελάμβανε· λόγον ὑπομιμνήσκων τὰς ἔναγχος κατασχούσας αὐτοὺς ἀνάγκας, ὅτε κρατουμένης σφῶν τῆς χώρας ὑπὸ Τυρρηνῶν τειχήρεις γενόμενοι καὶ εἰς πολλὴν τῶν ἀναγκαίων καταστάντες ἀπορίαν οὐκ ἔσχον ἀνθρώπων μεμηνότων καὶ θανατώντων ἀνοήτους λογισμούς, ἀλλʼ εἴξαντες τοῖς κατέχουσι καιροῖς καὶ τὴν ἀνάγκην διδάσκαλον τῶν συμφερόντων λαβόντες, ὅμηρα τε δοῦναι βασιλεῖ Πορσίνᾳ τοὺς ἐπιφανεστάτους παῖδας ὑπέμειναν, οὔπω πρότερον τοῦτο ὑπομείναντες, καὶ μέρει τῆς χώρας ζημιωθῆναι, τῶν Ἑπτὰ πάγων Τυρρηνοῖς ἀποστάντες, καὶ δικαστῇ χρήσασθαι τῷ πολεμίῳ, περὶ ὧν αὐτοῖς ὁ τύραννος ἐνεκάλει, διδόντες καὶ ἀγορὰν καὶ ὅπλα καὶ τἆλλα, ὅσων ἐδέοντο Τυρρηνοὶ παρασχεῖν ἐπὶ τῇ §5.65.4καταλύσει τοῦ πολέμου.
And having gone through the foreign examples, last of all he brought in the argument from domestic deeds, reminding them of the necessities that recently held them, when, their country being controlled by the Etruscans, they were shut up within their walls and fell into great want of necessaries, they did not have the foolish calculations of men who are mad and seek death, but yielding to the prevailing circumstances and taking necessity as a teacher of what was advantageous, they submitted both to give as hostages to King Porsena their most illustrious children—having never before submitted to this—and to be deprived of a part of their territory, yielding the Seven Hills to the Etruscans, and to use their enemy as judge concerning the charges the tyrant brought against them, giving both provisions and weapons and everything else that the Etruscans required to be provided for the termination of the war.
τούτοις δὴ τοῖς παραδείγμασι χρησάμενος οὐ τῆς αὐτῆς φρονήσεως ἔργον ἀπέφαινεν εἶναι τοῖς μὲν πολεμίοις περὶ μηθενὸς ὧν ἠξίωσαν ἀντειπεῖν, τοῖς δʼ ἑαυτῶν πολίταις περὶ μικροῦ πολεμεῖν διαφόρου, οἳ πολέμους μὲν ἠγωνίσαντο καλοὺς καὶ πολλοὺς περὶ τῆς ἡγεμονίας, ὅτε κατεῖχον οἱ βασιλεῖς τὰ κοινά, μεγάλην δὲ προθυμίαν εἰς τὸ συνελευθερῶσαι τὴν πόλιν ἀπὸ τῶν τυράννων παρέσχοντο, ἔτι δὲ πλείονα παρέξεσθαι σπουδὴν ἔμελλον εἰς τὰ λοιπὰ ἔργα παρακληθέντες, βίων μὲν σπανίζοντες, τὰ δὲ σώματα καὶ τὰς ψυχάς, ἃ μόνα περιῆν αὐτοῖς, ἀφειδῶς εἰς τοὺς περὶ αὐτῆς κινδύνους ἐπιδιδόντες.
Using these examples, he pointed out that it was not the work of the same wisdom to make no opposition to their enemies concerning any of the things they demanded, but to wage war with their own citizens over a small difference; who had fought many noble wars for supremacy when the kings held the state, and had shown great zeal in helping to liberate the city from the tyrants, and were likely to show still greater zeal for the remaining tasks if called upon, lacking means of livelihood, yet generously offering their bodies and souls, which alone remained to them, to the dangers on its behalf.
ἔφη δὲ τελευτῶν ὡς εἰ καὶ μηδὲν ἐπεχείρουν ἐκεῖνοι τοιοῦτον ὑπʼ αἰσχύνης κρατούμενοι λέγειν, μηδὲ ἀπαγγέλλειν, τοὺς πατρικίους ἐχρῆν λογισμὸν τὸν προσήκοντα περὶ αὐτῶν λαβόντας, ὧν ᾔδεσαν δεομένους καὶ κοινῇ καὶ καθʼ ἕνα ἕκαστον, ταῦτʼ ἐξ ἑτοίμου χαρίζεσθαι, ἐνθυμουμένους, ὅτι πρᾶγμα ὑπερήφανον ποιοῦσιν αἰτοῦντες μὲν παρʼ ἐκείνων τὰ σώματα, μὴ χαριζόμενοι δʼ αὐτοῖς τὰ χρήματα, καὶ λέγοντες μὲν πρὸς ἅπαντας, ὅτι τῆς κοινῆς ἐλευθερίας ἕνεκα πολεμοῦσι, τῶν δὲ συγκατακτησαμένων αὐτὴν ἀφαιρούμενοι, οὐ πονηρίαν ἔχοντες αὐτοῖς ὀνειδίζειν, ἀλλʼ ἀπορίαν, ἣν οἰκτείρεσθαι μᾶλλον ἢ μισεῖσθαι προσῆκε.
And he said in conclusion that, even if those men, overcome by shame, did not attempt to say or report any such thing, it behoved the patricians, taking the proper consideration for them, to grant readily those things which they knew they stood in need of both collectively and individually, reflecting that they were doing an arrogant thing in demanding their bodies from them, but not granting them their money, and saying to all that they were fighting for the common liberty, while depriving of it those who had helped to acquire it, having no wickedness to reproach them with, but only poverty, which deserved to be pitied rather than hated.