Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §5.60.1-5.60.4
Surrender of Fidenae and Larchius's Settlement
Summary
Consul Larchius occupied Fidenae after accepting its unconditional surrender, but refrained from deciding its fate on his own and referred the matter to the Roman senate. The senate ordered the execution of the ringleaders, which Larchius carried out before treating the remaining citizens with leniency and returning home.
§5.60.1ταῦτα δὴ προεγνωκὼς ὁ Λάρκιος τοῖς μὲν αἰτοῦσι τὰς ἀνοχὰς ἐκέλευσε τὰ ὅπλα ἀποθεμένοις καὶ τὰς πύλας ἀνοίξασι, τότε διαλέγεσθαι πρὸς αὐτόν· ἄλλως δʼ οὔτε διαλλαγὰς οὔτε ἀνοχὰς οὔτε ἄλλο φιλάνθρωπον ἢ μέτριον οὐθὲν αὐτοῖς ὑπάρξειν ἔφη παρὰ τῆς Ῥωμαίων πόλεως·
Larchius, having learned these things beforehand, ordered those who were asking for a truce to lay down their arms and open the gates, and only then to negotiate with him; otherwise, he said, neither reconciliation nor a truce nor any other humane or moderate treatment would be granted to them by the city of the Romans.
τοὺς δʼ ἀποσταλέντας ἐπὶ τὸ Λατίνων ἔθνος πρεσβευτὰς ἐφύλαττε μηκέτι παρελθεῖν ἐντὸς τείχους, ἁπάσας τὰς εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἀγούσας ὁδοὺς φρουραῖς ἐπιμελεστέραις διαλαβών, ὥστε ἠναγκάσθησαν οἱ πολιορκούμενοι τὰς συμμαχικὰς ἀπογνόντες ἐλπίδας ἐπὶ τὰς τῶν πολεμίων δεήσεις καταφυγεῖν.
He also guarded against the ambassadors who had been sent to the Latin nation returning within the walls, having blocked all the roads leading to the city with more careful guards, so that the besieged, despairing of their hopes of alliance, were forced to fly to the entreaties of their enemies.
καὶ συνελθόντες εἰς ἐκκλησίαν ἔκριναν ὑπομένειν τὰς διαλλαγὰς, §5.60.2ἐφʼ οἷς ὁ κρατῶν ἠξίου.
And having met in assembly, they decided to submit to the reconciliation, on such terms as the victor deemed fit.
οὕτως δʼ ἄρα πολιτικὰ ἦν τὰ τῶν τότε ἡγεμόνων ἤθη καὶ πλεῖστον ἀπέχοντα τυραννικῆς αὐθαδείας, ἣν σπάνιοί τινες τῶν καθʼ ἡμᾶς ἡγεμόνων ἴσχυσαν ἐξουσίας ἐπαρθέντες μεγέθει διαφυγεῖν, ὥστε παραλαβὼν τὴν πόλιν ὁ ὕπατος οὐθὲν ἀπὸ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ γνώμης ἔπραξεν, ἀλλʼ ἀποθέσθαι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους κελεύσας τὰ ὅπλα καὶ φρουρὰν ἐπὶ τὴν ἄκραν καταλιπὼν αὐτὸς εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ἀπῄει, καὶ συναγαγὼν τὸ συνέδριον ἀπέδωκεν αὐτοῖς σκοπεῖν, §5.60.3τίνα χρηστέον τοῖς παραδοῦσιν ἑαυτοὺς τρόπον.
So Republican indeed were the characters of the leaders of those times, and so far removed from tyrannical arrogance—which only a rare few of the leaders of our day, puffed up by the greatness of their power, have been able to escape—that the consul, having taken over the city, did nothing on his own judgment, but, having ordered the men to lay down their arms and having left a garrison on the citadel, he himself returned to Rome, and having assembled the senate, he referred to them for consideration, in what manner they should treat those who had surrendered themselves.
ἐφʼ οἷς ἀγασθέντες τὸν ἄνδρα τῆς πρὸς αὐτοὺς τιμῆς οἱ σύνεδροι τοὺς μὲν ἐπιφανεστάτους Φιδηναίων καὶ τῆς ἀποστάσεως ἄρξαντας ἐδικαίωσαν, οὓς ἂν ὁ ὕπατος ἀποφήνῃ ῥάβδοις μαστιγωθέντας ἀποκοπῆναι τὰς κεφαλάς· περὶ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων ἐπʼ ἐκείνῳ τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἐποίησαν ἅπαντα πράττειν, ὅσα προῃρεῖτο.
Admiring the man for his honor towards them because of this, the senators sentenced the most illustrious of the Fidenaeans and those who had begun the revolt—whomever the consul should designate —to be scourged with rods and beheaded; and concerning the others, they gave him the authority to do all that he chose.
§5.60.4γενόμενος δʼ ὁ Λάρκιος ἁπάντων κύριος ὀλίγους μέν τινας τῶν Φιδηναίων κατηγορηθέντας ὑπὸ τῶν τἀναντία φρονούντων ἐν τοῖς ἁπάντων ὀφθαλμοῖς ἀπέκτεινε καὶ τὰς οὐσίας αὐτῶν ἐδήμευσε, τοῖς δʼ ἄλλοις ἅπασιν ἀπέδωκε τήν τε πόλιν ἔχειν καὶ τὰ χρήματα, τῆς δὲ γῆς αὐτῶν ἀπετέμετο τὴν ἡμίσειαν, ἣν ἐκληρούχησαν οἱ καταλειφθέντες ἐν τῇ πόλει Ῥωμαίων φρουροὶ τῆς ἄκρας.
Larchius, having become master of all, put to death in the eyes of all a few of the Fidenaeans who had been accused by those of the opposite faction, and confiscated their property, but to all the others he restored both their city and their possessions, while cutting off half of their land, which the Roman guards of the citadel left in the city received as allotments.
ταῦτα διαπραξάμενος ἀπῆγεν ἐπʼ οἴκου τὴν στρατιάν.
Having accomplished these things, he led his army back home.
Notes
- §5.60.1τοῖς μὲν αἰτοῦσι τὰς ἀνοχὰς ἐκέλευσε τὰ ὅπλα ἀποθεμένοις καὶ τὰς πύλας ἀνοίξασι, τότε διαλέγεσθαι πρὸς αὐτόν — The main verb ἐκέλευσε (ordered) is construed with the dative indirect object τοῖς αἰτοῦσι and governs the infinitive διαλέγεσθαι. The aorist participles ἀποθεμένοις and ἀνοίξασι agree in the dative case with τοῖς αἰτοῦσι, expressing a necessary prior condition (temporal or circumstantial) to the action of the infinitive.
- §5.60.3οὓς ἂν ὁ ὕπατος ἀποφήνῃ ¦990¦ ῥάβδοις μαστιγωθέντας ἀποκοπῆναι τὰς κεφαλάς — A relative conditional clause consisting of the relative pronoun οὕς, the indefinite particle ἄν, and the subjunctive ἀποφήνῃ ('whomever the consul should designate'). The subjunctive is preserved despite the past tense of the main verb ἐδικαίωσαν to maintain the general, hypothetical nature of the condition. The infinitive ἀποκοπῆναι depends on ἐδικαίωσαν to express the substance of the decree.
Cite this passage
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §5.60.1-5.60.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.60.1-5.60.4
Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.
Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.