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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §5.56.1-5.56.3

Value of Detailed History and Sulpicius's Preparations

Passage 385 of 962 · Greek

Summary

The author explains the historical importance of detailing the process of the arrest rather than just stating its outcome, and describes the consul's meticulous plan of secretly positioning active senators and knights in the city, while ordering external elite troops to approach the walls.

§5.56.1ἄλλος μὲν οὖν ἄν τις ἀποχρῆν ὑπέλαβεν αὐτὸ τὸ κεφάλαιον εἰπεῖν, ὅτι συλλαβὼν τοὺς μετασχόντας τῶν ἀπορρήτων βουλευμάτων ἀπέκτεινεν, ὡς ὀλίγης τοῖς πράγμασι δηλώσεως δέον· ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ τὸν τρόπον τῆς συλλήψεως τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἱστορίας ἄξιον εἶναι νομίσας ἔκρινα μὴ παρελθεῖν, ἐνθυμούμενος ὅτι τοῖς ἀναγινώσκουσι τὰς ἱστορίας οὐχ ἱκανόν ἐστιν εἰς ὠφέλειαν τὸ τέλος αὐτὸ τῶν πραχθέντων ἀκοῦσαι, ἀπαιτεῖ δʼ ἕκαστος καὶ τὰς αἰτίας ἱστορῆσαι τῶν γινομένων καὶ τοὺς τρόπους τῶν πράξεων καὶ τὰς διανοίας τῶν πραξάντων καὶ τὰ παρὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου συγκυρήσαντα, καὶ μηδενὸς ἀνήκοος γενέσθαι τῶν πεφυκότων τοῖς πράγμασι παρακολουθεῖν· τοῖς δὲ πολιτικοῖς καὶ πάνυ ἀναγκαίαν ὑπάρχουσαν ὁρῶν τὴν τούτων μάθησιν, ἵνα παραδείγμασιν ἔχοιεν πρὸς τὰ συμβαίνοντα χρῆσθαι.
Now, anyone else would have supposed that it was sufficient to state the bare fact itself, namely, that he arrested and executed those who had participated in the secret designs, as if only a brief explanation were needed for the events; but I, considering that the manner of the arrest of the men also was worthy of history, decided not to pass it by, bearing in mind that for those who read histories it is not enough for their benefit to hear the mere outcome of what was done, but each demands also to learn the causes of the events, the manners of the actions, the designs of those who performed them, and the circumstances brought about by the divine power, and to remain ignorant of nothing that naturally accompanies the events; and seeing that the learning of these things is altogether necessary for statesmen, so that they may have examples to use in the face of what may happen.
§5.56.2ἦν δʼ ὁ τρόπος τῆς συλλήψεως τῶν συνωμοτῶν, ὃν ἐξεῦρεν ὁ ὕπατος, τοιόσδε.
The manner of the arrest of the conspirators which the consul devised was as follows.
τῶν μετεχόντων τοῦ βουλευτικοῦ συνεδρίου τοὺς ἀκμαιοτάτους ἐπιλεξάμενος ἐκέλευσεν αὐτοῖς, ὅταν λάβωσι τὸ σύνθημα μετὰ τῶν πιστοτάτων φίλων τε καὶ συγγενῶν τοὺς ἐρυμνοὺς τῆς πόλεως καταλαβέσθαι τόπους, ἐν οἷς ἐτύγχανον ἕκαστοι τὰς οἰκήσεις ἔχοντες· τοῖς θʼ ἱππεῦσι προεῖπεν ἐν ταῖς ἐπιτηδειοτάταις τῶν περὶ τὴν ἀγορὰν οἰκιῶν περιμένειν ἔχουσι ξίφη καὶ ποιεῖν, ὅ τι ἂν αὐτοῖς κελεύῃ.
Having selected the most active of those who participated in the senate, he ordered them, when they should receive the signal, to occupy, together with their most faithful friends and relatives, the strong positions in the city in which each of them happened to have their dwellings; and he gave notice beforehand to the knights to wait in the most convenient of the houses around the forum, having their swords, and to do whatever he should command them.
§5.56.3ἵνα δὲ μηθὲν ἐν τῇ συλλήψει τῶν πολιτῶν νεωτερίσωσιν οἱ προσήκοντες αὐτοῖς ἢ τῶν ἄλλων τινὲς πολιτῶν μηδʼ ἐμφύλιοι διὰ τὴν ταραχὴν ταύτην γένωνται φόνοι, γράμματα πέμψας πρὸς τὸν ἐπὶ τῆς πολιορκίας τῆς Φιδηναίων τεταγμένον ὕπατον ἐκέλευσεν ἀρχομένης τῆς νυκτὸς ἄγοντα τὸ κράτιστον τῆς στρατιᾶς ἥκειν ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν καὶ πλησίον τοῦ τείχους ἐν ὀρεινῷ τόπῳ θέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα.
And in order that, during the arrest of the citizens, neither their relatives nor any other of the citizens should make any disturbance, nor any civil bloodshed occur because of this confusion, he sent a letter to the consul who was stationed in charge of the siege of the Fidenae, ordering him, at the beginning of the night, to come to the city leading the best part of the army and to halt under arms in a mountainous place near the wall.

Notes

  1. ¦978¦ὡς ὀλίγης τοῖς πράγμασι δηλώσεως δέον — The neuter participle `δέον` of the impersonal verb `δεῖ` (it is necessary) is used with `ὡς` (marking subjective reason or assumption) and governs the genitive of need `ὀλίγης... δηλώσεως` (little explanation). Although participles of impersonal verbs typically stand in the accusative absolute, here it functions as if in a genitive construction.
  2. ¦p.v.2p.223¦τοῖς δὲ πολιτικοῖς ... ὁρῶν τὴν τούτων μάθησιν — The nominative participle `ὁρῶν` (seeing) modifies the subject of the main clause (the author, `ἐγὼ`), coordinated with `νομίσας` (thinking) and `ἐνθυμούμενος` (considering), adding another reason for the author's decision not to omit the details. `ὑπάρχουσαν` is a supplementary participle depending on `ὁρῶν`, with the accusative noun phrase `τὴν τούτων μάθησιν` (the learning of these things) acting as its logical subject.
  3. §5.56.3θέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα — Literally "to place down the arms," but used as a military idiom meaning "to halt under arms, take up a position, or encamp." It does not mean disarming, but remaining in a state of military readiness.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §5.56.1-5.56.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.56.1-5.56.3

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