Humanitext Reader

Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §4.35.1-4.35.4

Proposal to Submit the Royal Claim to the People

Passage 279 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Servius criticizes Tarquinius for failing to take proper legal steps to dispute the kingship, and proposes to let the people in the assembly, rather than the senate, decide which of them is more fit to rule.

§4.35.1ἀλλʼ ἵνα ταῦτα πάντʼ ἀφῶ καὶ ὁμόσε χωρήσω τοῖς σοῖς λόγοις, εἴ σε παρακαταθήκην παππῴαν ἀπεστέρουν καὶ παρὰ πάντα τὰ ἐν ἀνθρώποις δίκαια τὴν σὴν βασιλείαν κατεῖχον, ἐχρῆν σε παραγενόμενον ἐπὶ τοὺς δεδωκότας μοι τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἀγανακτεῖν καὶ κατηγορεῖν ἐμοῦ τε, ὅτι τὰ μὴ προσήκοντα κατέχω, καὶ τῶν δεδωκότων, ὅτι τἀλλότρια ἐχαρίσαντό μοι· ῥᾳδίως γὰρ ἂν ἔπεισας αὐτούς, εἴ τι δίκαιον εἶχες λέγειν.
But in order that I may dismiss all these things and meet your arguments face to face, if I were depriving you of your grandfather's trust and holding your kingship contrary to all human justice, you ought to have gone to those who gave me the authority and shown your resentment, and accused both me of holding what does not belong to me, and the givers of making a present to me of what was another's; for you would have easily persuaded them, if you had any justice to speak of.
§4.35.2εἰ δὲ τούτῳ μὲν οὐκ ἐπίστευες τῷ λόγῳ, οὐ δικαίως δʼ ἄρχεσθαι τὴν πόλιν ἐνόμιζες ὑπʼ ἐμοῦ καὶ σεαυτὸν ἐπιτηδειότερον εἶναι τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν τῶν κοινῶν παραλαβεῖν, ἐκεῖνα ποιεῖν σοι προσῆκεν· ἐξέτασιν τῶν ἐμῶν ποιησάμενον ἁμαρτημάτων καὶ τὰς σαυτοῦ πράξεις ἐξαριθμησάμενον καλεῖν με εἰς διαδικασίαν· ὧν οὐδέτερον ἐποίησας, ἀλλὰ τοσούτοις χρόνοις ὕστερον ὥσπερ ἐκ μακρᾶς ἀνανήψας μέθης νῦν ἥκεις μου κατηγορῶν καὶ οὐδὲ νῦν, ὅπου δεῖ.
But if you did not trust this argument, but believed that the city was being ruled unjustly by me and that you yourself were more fit to take over the care of public affairs, it was fitting for you to do those things—to make an inquiry into my errors, and having enumerated your own actions, to call me to a trial; of which things you did neither, but after so long a time, as if waking up from a long drunkenness, you have now come accusing me, and not even now where you ought.
§4.35.3οὐ γὰρ ἐνθάδε σοι ταῦτα προσήκει λέγειν· καὶ μηδὲν ἀχθεσθῆτέ μοι ταῦτα λέγοντι, ὦ βουλή· οὐ γὰρ ὑμῶν ἀφαιρούμενος τὴν διάγνωσιν, ἀλλὰ τὴν τούτου συκοφαντίαν ἐπιδείξασθαι βουλόμενος ταῦτα λέγω· προειπόντα δέ σʼ ἔδει μοι τὸν δῆμον εἰς ἐκκλησίαν συναγαγεῖν κἀκεῖ μου κατηγορεῖν.
For it is not fitting for you to say these things here—and do not be displeased with me for saying these things, O members of the senate; for I say this not to deprive you of the decision, but wishing to expose this man's malicious slander—but after giving me notice, you ought to have assembled the people into an assembly and accused me there.
πλὴν ἐπεὶ σὺ τοῦτο πέφευγας, ἐγὼ περὶ σοῦ ποιήσω καὶ συγκαλέσας τὸν δῆμον παρέξομαί σοι δικαστὴν ὧν ἄν μου κατηγορήσῃς, καὶ ἀποδώσω πάλιν αὐτῷ διαγνῶναι, πότερος ἡμῶν ἐπιτηδειότερός ἐστιν ἔχειν τὴν ἀρχήν· καὶ ὅ τι ἂν ἅπαντες οὗτοι γνῶσι πράττειν με δεῖν, ποιήσω.
However, since you have avoided this, I will do it for you, and having called together the people, I will present them to you as judges of whatever you may accuse me of, and I will hand over to them again to decide which of us is more fit to hold the rule; and whatever all these shall decide that I ought to do, I will do.
§4.35.4καὶ πρὸς μὲν σὲ ταῦθʼ ἱκανά· ἐν ἴσῳ γάρ ἐστι τό τε πολλὰ δίκαια πρὸς τοὺς ἀγνώμονας ἀντιδίκους λέγειν καὶ τὸ ὀλίγα· τὸ γὰρ πεῖσον αὐτοὺς εἶναι χρηστοὺς οὐ πεφύκασι φέρειν οἱ λόγοι.
And to you indeed these things are sufficient; for it is the same thing to speak many just arguments to ungrateful adversaries as to speak few; for words are not of a nature to bring persuasion to make them good.

Notes

  1. 4.35.1ἵνα ταῦτα πάντʼ ἀφῶ — This is a purpose clause with the subjunctive, but instead of modifying the main verb of the sentence, it expresses the speaker's purpose in making the statement itself (an independent or parenthetical use of the purpose clause), translated as "in order that I may dismiss all these things (let me say...)".
  2. 4.35.1ἐχρῆν — The imperfect of the impersonal verb χρῆ, taking the infinitives (ἀγανακτεῖν, κατηγορεῖν), expresses a past obligation or propriety that was not fulfilled (carrying a counterfactual nuance), translated as "you ought to have...".
  3. 4.35.2ὧν — The genitive relative pronoun ὧν refers back to the two actions mentioned in the previous sentence (ἐξέτασιν ... ποιήσασθαι "making an inquiry" and καλεῖν ... "calling to a trial"), functioning as a partitive genitive modifying οὐδέτερον ("neither of which").
  4. 4.35.3προειπόντα δέ σʼ ἔδει μοι — The participle προειπόντα (masculine accusative singular, "having given notice") agrees with the accusative pronoun σε (σ'), which acts as the subject of the infinitive construction with the impersonal verb ἔδει. The dative μοι functions as the object of the participle ("having given notice to me").

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §4.35.1-4.35.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.35.1-4.35.4

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.