Humanitext Reader

Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §3.9.1-3.9.7

Tullus' Consent to Peace and Proposal for Union

Passage 176 of 962 · Greek

Summary

The Roman king Tullus reveals that he had already known about the enemy conspiracy and agrees to a peaceful reconciliation, proposing either a complete merger of the two cities or institutional unification under a single council and a single leading city to prevent future conflicts.

§3.9.1ταῦτʼ εἰπόντος τοῦ Φουφεττίου παραλαβὼν τὸν λόγον ὁ τῶν Ῥωμαίων βασιλεὺς ἔλεξε· καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὦ Φουφέττιε, βαρεῖαν ὑπελαμβάνομεν ἡμᾶς καταλήψεσθαι συμφοράν, εἰ διʼ αἵματος καὶ φόνων ἀναγκασθείημεν κρῖναι τὸν συγγενῆ πόλεμον, καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν ἱερῶν ὁπότε τὰ προπολέμια θύοιμεν ἐκωλυόμεθα ἄρχειν μάχης·
When Fufetius had said this, the king of the Romans took up the discourse and spoke: "We too, Fufetius, were expecting that a heavy calamity would overtake us if we should be compelled to decide this war between kinsmen by blood and slaughter, and we were prevented from beginning battle by the sacrifices whenever we offered the preliminary victims.
τάς τε ἀπορρήτους Φιδηναίων καὶ Οὐιεντανῶν συνωμοσίας, ἃς ἐπʼ ἀμφοτέροις ἡμῖν συνώμοσαν, ὀλίγῳ πρότερον σοῦ πεπύσμεθα παρὰ τῶν ἐκεῖθεν ξένων καὶ οὐκ ἀφύλακτοι πρὸς αὐτάς ἐσμεν, ἀλλʼ ὡς παθεῖν τε μηδὲν αὐτοὶ κακὸν κἀκείνους τιμωρήσασθαι τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς ἀξίως παρεσκευάσμεθα, οὐχ ἧττόν τε σοῦ καταλύσασθαι τὸν πόλεμον ἀμαχητὶ μᾶλλον ἢ διὰ τῶν ὅπλων ἐβουλόμεθα.
And as for the secret conspiracies of the Fidenates and the Veientes, which they conspired against both of us, I learned of them a little before you from the guest-friends there, and we are not unguarded against them; rather, we have prepared ourselves so as to suffer no harm ourselves and to punish them worthily for their plot. And no less than you did we desire to dissolve the war without a fight rather than through arms.
§3.9.2πρότεροι δὲ πρεσβεύεσθαι περὶ διαλλαγῶν οὐκ ἠξιοῦμεν, ἐπείπερ οὐδʼ ἤρξαμεν αὐτοὶ πρότεροι τοῦ πολέμου, ἄρξαντας δὲ ἠμυνάμεθα.
But we did not think it fit to be the first to send embassies for reconciliation, since we did not begin the war ourselves first, but defended ourselves against those who began it.
ἀποτιθεμένων δὲ ὑμῶν τὰ ὅπλα δεχόμεθα τὰς προκλήσεις ἄσμενοι καὶ περὶ διαλλαγῶν οὐδὲν ἀκριβολογούμεθα, ἀλλὰ τὰς κρατίστας τε καὶ μεγαλοψυχοτάτας δεχόμεθα πᾶν ἀδίκημα καὶ πᾶν ἁμάρτημα τῆς Ἀλβανῶν πόλεως ἀφιέντες, εἰ δὴ καὶ κοινὰ χρὴ καλεῖν πόλεως ἁμαρτήματα, ὧν ὁ στρατηγὸς ὑμῶν Κλοίλιος αἴτιος ἦν, ὃς ὑπὲρ ἀμφοτέρων ἡμῶν οὐ μεμπτὰς τέτικε δίκας τοῖς θεοῖς.
But since you are laying down your arms, we gladly accept your proposals, and we make no precise demands about the reconciliation; rather, we accept the best and most generous terms, forgiving every wrong and every error of the city of the Albans—if indeed we ought to call the errors of the city common, of which your general Cluilius was the cause, who has paid to the gods no blameworthy penalty on behalf of us both.
§3.9.3ἀφείσθω δὴ πᾶσα ἐγκλήματος ἰδίου τε καὶ κοινοῦ πρόφασις καὶ μηδενὸς ἔτι μνήμη τῶν παρεληλυθότων ἔστω κακῶν, ὡς καὶ σοί, ὦ Φουφέττιε, δοκεῖ·
Let, then, every pretext of private and common accusation be dismissed, and let there be no longer any memory of past evils, as it also seems good to you, Fufetius.
ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἀπόχρη τοῦτο μόνον ἡμᾶς σκοπεῖν, ὅπως ἂν τὴν παροῦσαν ἔχθραν διαλυσαίμεθα πρὸς ἀλλήλους, ἀλλʼ ὅπως μηδʼ αὖθίς ποτε πολεμήσομεν ἔτι δεῖ παρασκευάσασθαι· οὐ γὰρ ἀναβολὰς ποιησόμενοι τῶν κακῶν συνεληλύθαμεν, ἀλλʼ ἀπαλλαγάς.
But it is not sufficient for us to consider this alone, how we might dissolve our present enmity towards one another, but we must also prepare so that we shall never go to war again; for we have not met to make postponements of evils, but riddance of them.
τίς οὖν ἡ βεβαία τοῦ πολέμου κατάλυσις ἔσται καὶ τί παρασχόντες εἰς τὰ πράγματα ἑκάτεροι νῦν τε καὶ εἰς τὸν ἀεὶ χρόνον ἐσόμεθα φίλοι, σὺ μὲν παρέλιπες, ὦ Φουφέττιε, ἐγὼ δʼ ἔτι καὶ τοῦτο προσθεῖναι πειράσομαι.
What, then, will be the firm dissolution of the war, and what must both of us contribute to affairs so that we may be friends now and for all time? This you omitted, Fufetius, but I will try to add this as well.
§3.9.4εἰ παύσαιντο μὲν Ἀλβανοὶ φθονοῦντες Ῥωμαίοις ἐφʼ οἷς ἔχουσιν ἀγαθοῖς, οὐκ ἄνευ μεγάλων κινδύνων καὶ πόνων πολλῶν αὐτὰ κτησάμενοι, ʽοὐθὲν γοῦν πεπονθότες ὑφʼ ἡμῶν οὔτε μεῖζον οὔτε ἔλαττον κακὸν διὰ τοῦτο μισεῖτε ἡμᾶς, ὅτι δοκοῦμεν ἄμεινον ὑμῶν πράττεινʼ παύσαιντο δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι δι’ ὑποψίας ἔχοντες Ἀλβανοὺς ὡς ἐπιβουλεύοντας ἀεί σφισι καὶ φυλαττόμενοι καθάπερ ἐχθρούς· οὐ γὰρ ἂν γένοιτο βεβαίως φίλος τῷ μισοῦντι οὐδείς.
If the Albans would cease envying the Romans for the goods they possess, having acquired them not without great dangers and many labors ('indeed, though you have suffered no greater or lesser evil from us, you hate us for this, because we seem to fare better than you'), and if the Romans would cease holding the Albans in suspicion as always plotting against them and guarding against them as enemies (then these things would be accomplished); for no one can be a firm friend to one who hates him.
§3.9.5πῶς οὖν γενήσεται τούτων ἑκάτερον;
How, then, will each of these things come about?
οὐκ ἐὰν γράψωμεν αὐτὰ ἐν ταῖς ὁμολογίαις οὐδʼ ἐὰν ὀμόσωμεν ἀμφότεροι καθʼ ἱερῶν, ʽμικραὶ γὰρ αὗταί γε αἱ φυλακαὶ καὶ ἀσθενεῖσʼ ἀλλʼ ἐὰν κοινὰς ἡγησώμεθα τὰς ἀλλήλων τύχας.
Not if we write them in treaties, nor if we both swear over sacrifices ('for these guards are small and weak'), but if we consider our fortunes to be common.
ἓν γάρ ἐστι μόνον, ὦ Φουφέττιε, λύπης ἀνθρωπίνης ἐπʼ ἀλλοτρίοις ἀγαθοῖς γινομένης ἄκος, τὸ μηκέτι τοὺς φθονοῦντας ἀλλότρια τὰ τῶν φθονουμένων ἀγαθὰ ἡγεῖσθαι.
For there is only one cure, Fufetius, for human pain arising over the goods of others, namely, that those who envy no longer consider the goods of the envied to be foreign.
§3.9.6ἵνα δὴ τοῦτο γένηται, Ῥωμαίους μὲν οἶμαι δεῖν εἰς τὸ κοινὸν Ἀλβανοῖς θεῖναι πάντα ὅσα τε νῦν ἔχουσι καὶ αὖθις ἕξουσιν ἀγαθά, Ἀλβανοὺς δὲ ἀγαπητῶς τὰ διδόμενα δέχεσθαι καὶ γενέσθαι μάλιστα μὲν ἅπαντας ὑμᾶς, εἰ δὲ μή γε τοὺς πλείστους τε καὶ ἀρίστους ὑμῶν τῆς Ῥωμαίων πόλεως οἰκήτορας.
In order, then, that this may happen, I think that the Romans must put in common for the Albans all the goods they now have and will have hereafter, and that the Albans must gladly accept what is given, and that preferably all of you, but if not, at least the most numerous and best among you, should become inhabitants of the city of Rome.
οὐ γὰρ δὴ Σαβίνοις μὲν καὶ Τυρρηνοῖς καλῶς εἶχεν ἐκλιποῦσι τὰς ἑαυτῶν πόλεις μεταθέσθαι τοὺς βίους ὡς ἡμᾶς, ὑμῖν δὲ ἄρα τοῖς συγγενεστάτοις τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο γενόμενον οὐχ ἕξει καλῶς;
For if indeed it was well for the Sabines and Tyrrhenians to leave their own cities and transfer their lives to us, will this same thing, when happening to you who are our closest kinsmen, not be well?
§3.9.7εἰ δʼ οὐκ ἀξιώσετε μίαν οἰκεῖν πόλιν τὴν ἡμετέραν μεγάλην τε οὖσαν ἤδη καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐσομένην, ἀλλὰ φιλοχωρήσετε τοῖς πατρῴοις ἐφεστίοις, ἐκεῖνό γέ τοι ποιήσατε· βουλευτήριον ἓν ἀποδείξατε, ὃ τὰ συμφέροντα ὑπὲρ ἑκατέρας βουλεύσει πόλεως, καὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἀπόδοτε μιᾷ τῇ κρείττονι πόλει καὶ πλείονα δυναμένῃ ποιεῖν ἀγαθὰ τὴν ἥττονα.
But if you do not think it fit to inhabit our single city, which is already great and will be still greater, but cling to your ancestral hearths, do at least this: appoint one council which will deliberate on what is advantageous for each city, and give the hegemony to the one city which is stronger and capable of doing more good to the weaker.
ἐγὼ μὲν δὴ ταῦτʼ ἀξιῶ καὶ τούτων γενομένων τόθʼ ἡγοῦμαι βεβαίως ἡμᾶς ἔσεσθαι φίλους, δύο δὲ πόλεις οἰκοῦντας ἰσοκορύφους ὥσπερ νῦν οὐδέποτε ὁμονοήσειν.
I indeed demand these things, and when these are done, I believe we shall then be firm friends; but living as two cities of equal status, as we do now, we shall never be in harmony."

Notes

  1. 3.9.1ὑπὸ τῶν ἱερῶν — The preposition `ὑπό` with the genitive typically indicates a personal agent, but here the inanimate "sacred rites" (or their signs) are personified and treated as the agent of the main verb `ἐκωλυόμεθα`.
  2. 3.9.1ὡς παθεῖν ... παρεσκευάσμεθα — `ὡς` with the infinitive forms an adverbial clause of result or purpose, modifying `παρεσκευάσμεθα` ("we have prepared ourselves"). Here, `ὡς` is used instead of the more common `ὥστε`.
  3. 3.9.4εἰ παύσαιντο μὲν ... παύσαιντο δὲ ... — This is a conditional clause with `εἰ` and the optative (potential), but it lacks an explicit apodosis due to parenthetical insertions, resulting in an anacoluthon. Logically, it leads to the explanation in the next sentence ("for no one can be a friend...") and the question in §3.9.5.
  4. 3.9.7δύο δὲ πόλεις οἰκοῦντας ... οὐδέποτε ὁμονοήσειν — The future infinitive `ὁμονοήσειν` is part of an accusative-and-infinitive (A.C.I.) construction governed by the main verb `ἡγοῦμαι` ("I think"). The accusative participle `οἰкоῦντας` modifies its implied subject ("we, living as two cities...").

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §3.9.1-3.9.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.9.1-3.9.7

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