§3.70.1ὁ δὲ τῶν οἰωνοσκόπων ἐπιφανέστατος ὁ τοὺς βωμοὺς μεθιδρυσάμενος καὶ τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ Διὸς τεμενίσας καὶ τἆλλα προλέγων τὰ θεῖα τῷ δήμῳ διὰ μαντικῆς αὐτὸς μὲν ἐκαλεῖτο τὸ κοινὸν ὄνομα καὶ προσηγορικὸν Νέβιος, τὸ δὲ συγγενικὸν Ἄττιος, ὃς ἁπάντων θεοφιλέστατος ὁμολογεῖται γενέσθαι τῶν ἀκριβούντων τὴν τέχνην καὶ μεγίστου τυχεῖν διʼ αὐτὴν ὀνόματος ἀπίστους τινὰς ὑπερβολὰς τῆς οἰωνομαντικῆς ἐπιστήμης ἐπιδειξάμενος·
The most illustrious of the augurs, who had relocated the altars, marked out the sanctuary of Zeus, and predicted the other divine matters to the people through the art of divination, was called by his common and proper name Nevius, and by his family name Attius. He is acknowledged to have been the most beloved of the gods of all those who perfected the art, and to have attained the greatest reputation because of it, by demonstrating certain incredible heights of the science of augury.
ὧν ἐγὼ μίαν, ἣν μάλιστα τεθαύμακα, προχειρισάμενος ἐρῶ προειπὼν ἐξ οἵας ὁρμηθεὶς συντυχίας καὶ τίνας ἀφορμὰς παρὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου λαβὼν τοσαύτην ἔσχεν ἐπιφάνειαν, ὥστε πάντας ἀζήλους ἀποδεῖξαι τοὺς κατὰ §3.70.2τὴν αὐτὴν ἀκμάσαντας ἡλικίαν.
Selecting one of these feats, which I have admired above all, I shall relate it, after first telling from what sort of chance he started and what promptings he received from the divine power to attain such great renown, so as to render all those who flourished at the same age free from envy of others.
πένης αὐτῷ πατὴρ ἐγένετο χωρίον εὐτελὲς γεωργῶν, ᾧ τά τε ἄλλα συνειργάζετο παῖς ὢν ὁ Νέβιος, ὅσα τοῖς τηλικούτοις δύναμις ἦν, καὶ τὰς ὗς ἐξελαύνων ἔβοσκεν.
He had a poor father who farmed a cheap plot of land, whom Nevius, when he was a boy, assisted in all other tasks that were within the capacity of those of his age, and also drove out and pastured the pigs.
ἀποκοιμηθεὶς δέ ποτε καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἐξέγερσιν οὐχ εὑρίσκων τινὰς τῶν ὑῶν τέως μὲν ἔκλαιε τὰς πληγὰς ὀρρωδῶν τὰς παρὰ τοῦ πατρός, ἔπειτʼ ἐλθὼν ἐπὶ τὴν καλιάδα τὴν ἐν τῷ χωρίῳ καθιδρυμένην ἡρώων ἠξίου τούς ἥρωας συνεξευρεῖν αὐτῷ τὰς ὗς, γενομένου δὲ τούτου θύσειν αὐτοῖς ὑπέσχετο τὸν μέγιστον τῶν ἐκ τοῦ §3.70.3χωρίου βοτρύων.
Having once fallen asleep, and after waking up not finding some of the pigs, he wept for a time, fearing the blows from his father; then, coming to the shrine of the heroes established on the plot of land, he entreated the heroes to help him find the pigs, promising that if this were done, he would sacrifice to them the largest cluster of grapes from the plot of land.
εὑρὼν δὲ μετʼ ὀλίγον τὰς ὗς ἐβούλετο μὲν ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς ἥρωσι τὴν εὐχήν, ἐν ἀπορίᾳ δὲ ἦν πολλῇ τὸν μέγιστον οὐ δυνάμενος ἐξευρεῖν βότρυν.
Finding the pigs shortly afterward, he wished to pay his vow to the heroes, but was in great perplexity, being unable to find the largest cluster.
ἀδημονῶν δʼ ἐπὶ τῷ πράγματι τοὺς θεοὺς ἠξίου διʼ οἰωνῶν φανερὸν αὐτῷ ποιῆσαι τὸ ζητούμενον.
In his distress at this matter, he entreated the gods to make the object of his search clear to him through omens.
ἔπειτʼ ἐπελθὸν αὐτῷ κατὰ δαίμονα διχῇ νέμει τὸν ἀμπελῶνα, θάτερα μὲν αὐτοῦ λαμβάνων ἐκ δεξιᾶς, θάτερα δʼ ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς, ἔπειθʼ ὑπὲρ ἑκατέρου τῶν μερῶν τοὺς παρακειμένους οἰωνοὺς ἐσκόπει.
Then, it having occurred to him by divine guidance, he divided the vineyard into two parts, taking one on his right and the other on his left, and then observed the birds appearing over each of the parts.
φανέντων δʼ ἐπὶ θατέρου μέρους ὀρνίθων, οἵων αὐτὸς ἐβούλετο, πάλιν ἐκεῖνο διχῇ διῄρει τὸ χωρίον καὶ τοὺς ὄρνιθας διέκρινε τοὺς παραγινομένους κατὰ τὸ αὐτό.
When birds of the kind he desired appeared over one part, he again divided that plot of land into two and distinguished the birds coming to the same place.
ταύτῃ χρώμενος τῇ διαιρέσει τῶν τόπών καὶ τὴν ἐσχάτην ὑπὸ τῶν ὀρνίθων ἀποδειχθεῖσαν ἄμπελον ὑπελθὼν εὑρίσκει βότρυος ἄπιστόν τι χρῆμα καὶ αὐτὸν φέρων ἐπὶ τὴν καλιάδα τῶν ἡρώων ὁρᾶται πρὸς τοῦ πατρός.
By employing this division of places and going under the vine last pointed out by the birds, he found an incredible specimen of a cluster of grapes, and while carrying it to the shrine of the heroes, he was seen by his father.
§3.70.4θαυμάσαντι δὲ τὸ μέγεθος τῆς σταφυλῆς καὶ πόθεν εἰλήφει πυνθανομένῳ διηγεῖται πάντα ἐξ ἀρχῆς.
When his father wondered at the size of the bunch of grapes and asked where he had gotten it, he related everything from the beginning.
ὁ δʼ ὑπολαβών, ὅπερ ἦν, ἐμφύτους εἶναί τινας ἀρχὰς μαντικῆς ἐν τῷ παιδί, κομίσας αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν πόλιν γραμμάτων διδασκάλοις συνίστησιν· ἐπεὶ δὲ τῆς κοινῆς παιδείας ἀποχρώντως μετέλαβε, Τυρρηνῶν αὐτὸν παραδίδωσι τῷ λογιωτάτῳ §3.70.5τὴν οἰωνοσκοπικὴν τέχνην διδαχθησόμενον.
The father, perceiving what was indeed the case, that there were certain innate principles of divination in the boy, brought him to the city and entrusted him to teachers of letters; and when he had sufficiently partaken of the common education, he handed him over to the most learned of the Etruscans to be taught the art of augury.
ἔχων δὲ τὴν ἔμφυτον ὁ Νέβιος μαντικὴν καὶ τὴν ἐπίκτητον παρὰ Τυρρηνῶν προσλαβὼν μακρῷ δή που τοὺς ἄλλους οἰωνοσκόπους ἅπαντας, ὡς ἔφην, ὑπερεβάλετο, εἰς ἁπάσας τε τὰς δημοσίας ἐπισκέψεις οἱ τῆς πόλεως οἰωνομάντεις οὐκ ὄντα ἐκ τοῦ συστήματος παρεκάλουν αὐτὸν διὰ τὴν ἐπιτυχίαν τῶν μαντευμάτων καὶ οὐθὲν ὅ τι μὴ δόξειεν ἐκείνῳ προὔλεγον.
Having his innate divination and having acquired the additional skill from the Etruscans, Nevius, as I said, far surpassed all other augurs; and the augurs of the city, though he was not a member of their college, summoned him to all public investigations because of the success of his divinations, and predicted nothing that did not seem good to him.