§3.22.1μετὰ δὲ τὴν μάχην τῶν τριδύμων Ῥωμαῖοι μὲν οἱ τότε ὄντες ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου ταφὰς ποιησάμενοι λαμπρὰς τῶν ἀποθανόντων ἐν οἷς ἔπεσον χωρίοις καὶ θύσαντες τἀπινίκια τοῖς θεοῖς ἐν εὐπαθείαις ἦσαν, Ἀλβανοὶ δὲ ἀχθόμενοι τοῖς συμβεβηκόσι καὶ τὸν ἡγεμόνα διʼ αἰτίας ἔχοντες, ὡς κακῶς ἐστρατηγηκότα, ἄσιτοί τε οἱ πολλοὶ καὶ ἀθεράπευτοι τὴν ἑσπέραν ἐκείνην διετέλεσαν.
After the battle of the triplets, the Romans who were then in the camp, having performed splendid funerals for the dead in the places where they fell, and having offered sacrifices of thanksgiving for victory to the gods, passed their time in feasting; but the Albans, grieved at what had happened and blaming their general on the ground that he had commanded badly, spent that evening for the most part without food and uncared for.
§3.22.2τῇ δʼ ἑξῆς ἡμέρᾳ καλέσας αὐτοὺς ὁ τῶν Ῥωμαίων βασιλεὺς εἰς ἐκκλησίαν καὶ πολλὰ παραμυθησάμενος, ὡς οὔτε ἄσχημον ἐπιτάξων αὐτοῖς οὐθὲν οὔτε χαλεπὸν οὔθʼ ὃ μὴ συγγενέσι πρέπει, τῇ δὲ αὐτῇ γνώμῃ περὶ ἀμφοτέρων τῶν πόλεων τὰ κράτιστα καὶ συμφορώτατα συμβουλεύσων, καὶ τὸν ἄρχοντά τε αὐτῶν Φουφέττιον ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς ἀρχῆς κατασχὼν ἄλλο τε οὐδὲν τῶν πολιτικῶν μεθαρμοσάμενος οὐδὲ κινήσας ἀπῆγεν ἐπʼ οἴκου τὴν δύναμιν.
On the following day, the king of the Romans, having called them to an assembly and comforted them with many words, as one who would command them nothing disgraceful nor harsh nor unbefitting kinsmen, but who with the same mind would consult for the best and most advantageous interests of both cities, and having confirmed their ruler Fufetius in the same office, and having altered or disturbed nothing else of their political constitution, led his army home.
§3.22.3καταγαγόντι δὲ αὐτῷ τὸν ψηφισθέντα ὑπὸ τῆς βουλῆς θρίαμβον καὶ τὰ πολιτικὰ πράττειν ἀρξαμένῳ προσέρχονται τῶν πολιτῶν ἄνδρες οὐκ ἀφανεῖς τὸν Ὁράτιον ἄγοντες ὑπὸ δίκην, ὡς οὐ καθαρὸν αἵματος ἐμφυλίου διὰ τὸν τῆς ἀδελφῆς φόνον· καὶ καταστάντες μακρὰν διεξῆλθον δημηγορίαν τοὺς νόμους παρεχόμενοι τοὺς οὐκ ἐῶντας ἄκριτον ἀποκτείνειν οὐθένα καὶ τὰ παρὰ τῶν θεῶν ἁπάντων μηνίματα ταῖς μὴ κολαζούσαις πόλεσι τοὺς ἐναγεῖς διεξιόντες.
When he had celebrated the triumph decreed by the senate and had begun to administer public affairs, there came to him some of the illustrious citizens, bringing Horatius to trial, on the ground that he was not clean of kindred blood because of the murder of his sister; and standing forward, they delivered a long speech, adducing the laws which do not permit anyone to be put to death without trial, and describing the wrath of all the gods upon cities that do not punish the defiled.
§3.22.4ὁ δὲ πατὴρ ἀπελογεῖτο περὶ τοῦ μειρακίου κατηγορῶν τῆς θυγατρὸς καὶ τιμωρίαν οὐ φόνον εἶναι τὸ πραχθὲν λέγων δικαστήν τε αὑτὸν ἀξιῶν εἶναι τῶν ἰδίων κακῶν ἀμφοτέρων γενόμενον πατέρα.
But the father defended the young man, accusing his daughter and saying that the deed was a punishment, not a murder, and claiming that he himself was the proper judge of his own domestic misfortunes, as he was the father of both.
συχνῶν δὲ λόγων ῥηθέντων ὑφʼ ἑκατέρων πολλὴ τὸν βασιλέα κατεῖχεν ἀμηχανία, τί τέλος ἐξενέγκῃ
And when many arguments had been urged on both sides, great perplexity seized the king as to what decision he should pronounce concerning the trial.
§3.22.5περὶ τῆς δίκης. οὔτε γὰρ ἀπολῦσαι τοῦ φόνου τὸν ὁμολογοῦντα τὴν ἀδελφὴν ἀνῃρηκέναι πρὸ δίκης καὶ ταῦτα ἐφʼ οἷς οὐ συνεχώρουν ἀποκτείνειν οἱ νόμοι καλῶς ἔχειν ὑπελάμβανεν, ἵνα μὴ τὴν ἀρὰν καὶ τὸ ἄγος ἀπὸ τοῦ δεδρακότος εἰς τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον εἰσενέγκηται, οὔτε ὡς ἀνδροφόνον ἀποκτεῖναι τὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς πατρίδος ἑλόμενον προκινδυνεῦσαι καὶ τοσαύτης αὐτῇ δυναστείας γενόμενον αἴτιον ἄλλως τε καὶ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀπολύοντος αὐτὸν τῆς αἰτίας, ᾧ τὴν περὶ τῆς θυγατρὸς ὀργὴν ἥ τε φύσις ἀπεδίδου πρώτῳ καὶ ὁ νόμος.
For he did not think it right to acquit of murder one who confessed that he had slain his sister without a trial, and that too for reasons for which the laws did not permit killing, lest he should bring the curse and the defilement from the doer into his own house, nor, on the other hand, to put to death as a murderer the man who had chosen to face danger on behalf of his country and had been the cause of so great dominion for it, especially since his father acquitted him of the charge, to whom both nature and the law gave the first right to feel anger concerning his daughter.
§3.22.6ἀπορούμενος δὲ τί χρήσεται τοῖς πράγμασι τελευτῶν κράτιστον εἶναι διέγνω τῷ δήμῳ τὴν διάγνωσιν ἐπιτρέπειν.
Being at a loss how to deal with the matter, he finally decided that it was best to refer the decision to the people.
γενόμενος δὲ θανατηφόρου κρίσεως τότε πρῶτον ὁ Ῥωμαίων δῆμος κύριος τῇ γνώμῃ τοῦ πατρὸς προσέθετο καὶ ἀπολύει τοῦ φόνου τὸν ἄνδρα·
And the Roman people, having then for the first time become sovereign in a trial of life and death, sided with the opinion of the father and acquitted the man of the murder.
οὐ μὴν ὅ γε βασιλεὺς ἀποχρῆν ἔλεγε τοῖς βουλομένοις τὰ προς τοὺς θεοὺς ὅσια φυλάττειν τὴν ὑπʼ ἀνθρώπων συντελεσθεῖσαν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ κρίσιν, ἀλλὰ μεταπεμψάμενος τοὺς ἱεροφάντας ἐκέλευσεν ἐξιλάσασθαι θεούς τε καὶ δαίμονας καὶ καθῆραι τὸν ἄνδρα οἷς νόμος τοὺς ἀκουσίους φόνους ἁγνίζεσθαι καθαρμοῖς.
Nevertheless, the king said that the judgment rendered in his favor by men was not sufficient for those who wished to preserve their duty to the gods, but sending for the pontiffs, he ordered them to propitiate the gods and spirits, and to purify the man with those purifications with which it is customary for involuntary homicides to be expiated.
§3.22.7κἀκεῖνοι βωμοὺς ἱδρυσάμενοι δύο τὸν μὲν Ἥρας, ἣ λέλογχεν ἐπισκοπεῖν ἀδελφάς, τὸν δʼ ἕτερον ἐπιχωρίου θεοῦ τινος ἢ δαίμονος Ἰανοῦ λεγομένου κατὰ τὴν ἐπιχώριον γλῶτταν, ἐπωνύμου δὲ Κορατίων τῶν ἀναιρεθέντων ἀνεψιῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀνδρός, καὶ θυσίας τινὰς ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς ποιήσαντες τοῖς τε ἄλλοις καθαρμοῖς ἐχρήσαντο καὶ τελευτῶντες ὑπήγαγον τὸν Ὁράτιον ὑπὸ ζυγόν.
And they, having erected two altars, one to Juno, whose lot it is to watch over sisters, and the other to a certain local god or spirit called Janus in the native tongue, surnamed after the Curiatii, the cousins slain by the man, and having offered certain sacrifices upon them, made use of other purifications, and finally made Horatius pass under the yoke.
ἔστι δὲ Ῥωμαίοις νόμιμον, ὅταν πολεμίων παραδιδόντων τὰ ὅπλα γένωνται κύριοι, δύο καταπήττειν ξύλα ὀρθὰ καὶ τρίτον ἐφαρμόττειν αὐτοῖς ἄνωθεν πλάγιον, ἔπειθʼ ὑπάγειν τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους ὑπὸ ταῦτα καὶ διελθόντας ἀπολύειν ἐλευθέρους ἐπὶ τὰ σφέτερα.
Now it is a custom of the Romans, when they have become masters of enemies who surrender their arms, to drive two upright beams of wood into the ground and to fit a third across them at the top, and then to make the prisoners pass under these, and, when they have gone through, to dismiss them free to their homes.
τοῦτο καλεῖται παρʼ αὐτοῖς ζυγόν, ᾧ καὶ οἱ τότε καθαίροντες τὸν ἄνδρα τελευταίῳ τῶν περὶ τοὺς καθαρμοὺς νομίμων ἐχρήσαντο.
This is called among them a yoke, which those who then purified the man also used as the last of the customary rites of purification.
§3.22.8ἐν ᾧ δὲ τῆς πόλεως χωρίῳ τὸν ἁγνισμὸν ἐποιήσαντο πάντες Ῥωμαῖοι νομίζουσιν ἱερόν· ἔστι δʼ ἐν τῷ στενωπῷ τῷ φέροντι ἀπὸ Καρίνης κάτω τοῖς ἐπὶ τὸν Κύπριον ἐρχομένοις στενωπόν, ἔνθα οἵ τε βωμοὶ μένουσιν οἱ τότε ἱδρυθέντες καὶ ξύλον ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν τέταται δυσὶ τοῖς ἄντικρυς ἀλλήλων τοίχοις ἐνηρμοσμένον, ὃ γίνεται τοῖς ἐξιοῦσιν ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς καλούμενον τῇ Ῥωμαϊκῇ διαλέκτῳ §3.22.9ξύλον ἀδελφῆς.
And the place in the city where they performed the purification is considered sacred by all Romans; it is in the street that leads down from the Carinae to those who go to the Cyprian Street, where both the altars then erected remain, and a beam is stretched over them, fitted into the two opposite walls, which is above the heads of those who go out, called in the Roman tongue "Sister's Beam".
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ τὸ χωρίον τῆς συμφορᾶς τοῦ ἀνδρὸς μνημεῖον ἐν τῇ πόλει φυλάττεται θυσίαις γεραιρόμενον ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων καθʼ ἕκαστον ἐνιαυτόν, ἕτερον δὲ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἣν ἐπεδείξατο κατὰ τὴν μάχην μαρτύριον ἡ γωνιαία στυλὶς ἡ τῆς ἑτέρας παστάδος ἄρχουσα ἐν ἀγορᾷ, ἐφʼ ἧς ἔκειτο τὰ σκῦλα τῶν Ἀλβανῶν τριδύμων.
This place, indeed, is preserved in the city as a monument of the man's misfortune, honored with sacrifices by the Romans every year; while another monument, a testimony of the valor he displayed in the battle, is the corner pillar at the entrance of one of the porticos in the Forum, on which were hung the spoils of the Alban triplets.
τὰ μὲν οὖν ὅπλα ἠφάνισται διὰ μῆκος χρόνου, τὴν δʼ ἐπίκλησιν ἡ στυλὶς ἔτι φυλάττει τὴν αὐτὴν Ὁρατία καλουμένη πίλα.
Now, the weapons themselves have disappeared through length of time, but the pillar still keeps the same name, being called the Horatian Pillar.
§3.22.10ἔστι δὲ καὶ νόμος παρʼ αὐτοῖς διʼ ἐκεῖνο κυρωθεὶς τὸ πάθος, ᾧ καὶ εἰς ἐμὲ χρῶνται, τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν ἀθάνατον τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἐκείνοις περιτιθεὶς ὁ κελεύων, οἷς ἂν γένωνται τρίδυμοι παῖδες ἐκ τοῦ δημοσίου τὰς τροφὰς τῶν παίδων χορηγεῖσθαι μέχρις ἥβης.
There is also a law enacted among them on account of that calamity, which they still observe even to my day, conferring immortal honor and glory upon those men, which commands that whoever has triplet children born to him, their maintenance shall be provided from the public treasury until they reach manhood.
τὰ μὲν δὴ περὶ τὴν Ὁρατίων οἰκίαν γενόμενα θαυμαστὰς καὶ παραδόξους περιπετείας λαβόντα τοιούτου τέλους ἔτυχεν.
Thus the events concerning the house of the Horatii, having undergone wonderful and unexpected turns of fortune, came to such an end.