§20.3.1βασιλεὺς δὲ Πύρρος ὡς ἔμαθεν, ὅτι Λευκανοὶ καὶ Βρέττιοι καὶ Ταραντῖνοι φεύγουσι προτροπάδην, καὶ λελώβηται τὸ κατʼ ἐκείνους μέρος ἡ φάλαγξ, ἐκ τῆς καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ἴλης μέρος τι παραδοὺς ἑτέροις ἡγεμόσι, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρατος ἑτέρους ἱππεῖς, ὅσους ὑπέλαβεν ἀρκεῖν, ἀποστέλλει βοηθοὺς τοῖς ὑπὸ τῶν Ῥωμαίων διωκομένοις.
When King Pyrrhus learned that the Lucanians, Bruttians, and Tarentines were fleeing headlong, and that the part of the phalanx in their sector was broken, he handed over a portion of his own squadron to other commanders, and from the right wing he sent other cavalry, as many as he thought sufficient, to help those pursued by the Romans.
ἐν οἷς δὲ ταῦτα ἐγίνετο χρόνοις, παρὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου βοήθεια τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις ἔκδηλος γίνεται.
During the time these things were taking place, clear assistance for the Romans came from the deity.
§20.3.2Δαυνίων γάρ τινες ἐκ πόλεως Ἀργυρίππων, ἣν νῦν Ἄρπους καλοῦσι, πεζοὶ μὲν τετρακισχίλιοι, ἱππεῖς δὲ ἀμφὶ τοὺς τετρακοσίους, ἐπίκουροι τοῖς ὑπάτοις ἀποσταλέντες, ὡς ἐγένοντο πλησίον τοῦ βασιλικοῦ στρατοπέδου τὴν κατὰ νώτου τῶν πολεμίων ἄγουσαν ὁδὸν ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου πορευόμενοι καὶ τὸ πεδίον εἶδον μεστὸν ἀνθρώπων, ὀλίγον ἐπισχόντες αὐτόθι χρόνον καὶ λογισμοὺς παντοδαποὺς λαβόντες, καταβαίνειν μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν μετεώρων καὶ συλλαμβάνειν τῆς μάχης ἀπέγνωσαν, οὔτε ὅπη τι φίλιόν ἐστιν εἰδότες οὔτε ὅπη πολέμιον, οὔτʼ ἐν ᾧ χωρίῳ στάντες ὠφέλειάν τινα παρέξουσι τοῖς σφετέροις δυνάμενοι συλλαβεῖν, κράτιστον δὲ ὑπέλαβον εἶναι περιστάντες τὸ στρατόπεδον τῶν πολεμίων ἐξελεῖν, ὡς αὐτοί τε πολλὰς καὶ καλὰς ἕξοντες ὠφελείας, εἰ κρατήσειαν τῶν ἀποσκευῶν, καὶ μεγάλην παρέξοντες τοῖς πολεμίοις ταραχήν, εἰ θεάσαιντο καιόμενον ἄφνω τὸν χάρακα·
For certain of the Daunians from the city of Argyrippa, which they now call Arpi, four thousand infantry and about four hundred cavalry, who had been sent as auxiliaries to the consuls, when they came near the royal camp, marching by chance along the road that led to the enemy's rear, and saw the plain full of men, halted there for a short time and, after taking all kinds of counsel, decided against descending from the heights and joining the battle, since they did not know where their friends were or where the enemy was, nor in what position they could stand to render any aid to their own side.
ἀπεῖχε δὲ τὸ χωρίον τῆς μάχης οὐ πλέον εἴκοσι σταδίων.
Instead, they thought it best to surround the enemy's camp and capture it, believing that they themselves would gain many fine advantages if they made themselves masters of the baggage, and that they would cause great confusion to the enemy if they suddenly saw their rampart on fire; and the place was not more than twenty stades distant from the battle.
§20.3.3ταῦτά τε δὴ βουλευσάμενοι καὶ παρὰ αἰχμαλώτων τινῶν ἀκούσαντες, οὓς ἐπὶ ξυλισμὸν ἐλθόντας εἰλήφεσαν, ὅτι κομιδῆ τινες ὀλίγοι φυλάττουσι τὸν χάρακα, προσέβαλον αὐτοῖς πανταχόθεν.
Having made this decision, and having heard from some prisoners whom they had captured when they went out to gather wood that only a very few men were guarding the camp, they attacked them from all sides.
ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐπιγνοὺς ὁ Πύρρος ἱππέως τινὸς ἀπαγγείλαντος, ὃς ἀρξαμένου πολιορκεῖσθαι τοῦ χάρακος διεξελάσας τὸν ἵππον καὶ τὰ κέντρα προσβαλὼν παρῆν διὰ ταχέων — τὴν μὲν γὰρ ἄλλην δύναμιν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ κατέχειν ἔγνω καὶ μήτε ἀνακαλεῖν μήτε κινεῖν τὴν φάλαγγα — τοὺς ἐλέφαντας καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἱππέων τοὺς εὐτολμοτάτους ἐπιλεξάμενος ἀποστέλλει βοηθοὺς τῷ χάρακι.
When Pyrrhus learned of this from the report of a horseman—who, when the siege of the camp began, had ridden through, spurred on his horse, and arrived quickly—he resolved to keep the rest of his force in the plain and neither recall nor move the phalanx, but selecting the elephants and the most daring of the cavalry, he sent them to help the camp.
§20.3.4ἔτι δὲ τούτων πορευομένων ἐκπολιορκηθεὶς % ἄφνω ὁ χάραξ ἀνάπτεται.
While these were still on their way, the camp was taken by storm and suddenly set on fire.
καὶ οἱ διαπραξάμενοι τὸ ἔργον, ὡς ἔμαθον ἀπὸ τῶν μετεώρων ἐπιόντας σφίσι τοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως ἀπεσταλμένους, εἰς ὄρους τινὸς κορυφὴν ἔφυγον, ἔνθα οὔτε τοῖς θηρίοις ἀνελθεῖν ῥᾴδιον ἦν οὔτε τοῖς ἵπποις.
Those who had accomplished the deed, when they perceived from the heights the men sent by the king coming against them, fled to the summit of a mountain where it was easy neither for the beasts nor for the horses to ascend.
§20.3.5οἱ δὲ βασιλικοὶ τοῦ καιροῦ τῆς βοηθείας ὑστερήσαντες ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ τρίτου καὶ τετάρτου τάγματος Ῥωμαίους ἐτράποντο πολὺ προεληλυθότας ἀπὸ τῶν ἄλλων, ὅτε τοὺς κατὰ σφᾶς πολεμίους ἐτρέψαντο.
But the royal troops, having missed the opportunity to give aid, turned against the Romans of the third and fourth legions, who had advanced far ahead of the others when they routed the enemy opposite them.
προιδόντες δὲ αὐτῶν οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι τὴν ἔφοδον εἰς ὑψηλόν τι καὶ λάσιον χωρίον ἀναδραμόντες εἰς τάξιν καθίσταντο.
The Romans, perceiving their onset beforehand, ran up to a high and overgrown place and drew themselves up in order.
§20.3.6οἱ μὲν οὖν ἐλέφαντες οὐ δυνάμενοι πρὸς τὸν ὄχθον ἀναβαίνειν οὐδὲν αὐτοὺς ἠδίκουν, οὐδὲ αἱ τῶν ἱππέων ἶλαι, οἱ δὲ τοξόται καὶ σφενδονῆται βάλλοντες πανταχόθεν κατετίτρωσκόν τε καὶ διέφθειρον ἐξ αὐτῶν συχνούς.
Now the elephants, being unable to climb the hill, did them no harm, nor did the squadrons of cavalry; but the archers and slingers, shooting from all sides, wounded and killed many of them.
αἰσθήσεως δὲ γενομένης τοῖς ἡγεμόσι τῶν ἐκεῖ πραττομένων Πύρρος μὲν ἐκ τῆς ἀσπιστικῆς φάλαγγος Ἀθαμᾶνάς τε καὶ Ἀκαρνᾶνας καὶ τῶν Σαυνιτῶν τινας ἀποστέλλει ὁ δὲ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ὕπατος ἴλας τινὰς ἱππέων, ἐπειδὴ τοιαύτης ἔδει τοῖς πεζοῖς συμμαχίας.
When the commanders became aware of what was going on there, Pyrrhus sent some of the Athamanes, Acarnanians, and Samnites from the shield-bearing phalanx, while the Roman consul sent some squadrons of cavalry, since the infantry stood in need of such allied support.
καὶ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον ἑτέρα πάλιν ἐκεῖ γίνεται μάχη πεζῶν τε καὶ ἱππέων, καὶ φόνος ἔτι πλείων.
And at the same time, another battle of infantry and cavalry took place there again, with even greater slaughter.
§20.3.7ἀρξαμένου δὲ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ οἱ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ὕπατοι τοὺς ἑαυτῶν ἀνεκάλουν περὶ καταφορὰν ὄντος τοῦ ἡλίου καὶ διαβιβάσαντες τὸν ποταμὸν ἀπῆγον εἰς τὸν χάρακα συσκοτάζοντος ἤδη.
When the king began to withdraw, the Roman consuls also recalled their own men as the sun was setting, and having led them across the river, brought them back to their camp as it was already growing dark.
ἡ δὲ τοῦ Πύρρου δύναμις ἀπολωλεκυῖα σκηνάς τε καὶ ὑποζύγια καὶ ἀνδράποδα καὶ τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἅπασαν ἐπὶ μετεώρου τινὸς χώρου παρενέβαλεν, ἔνθα τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν νύκτα διήγαγεν ὑπαίθριος, ἀσκευής, ἀθεράπευτος, οὐδὲ τῆς ἀναγκαίας εὐποροῦσα τροφῆς, ὥστε καὶ διαφθαρῆναι συχνοὺς τραυματίας, οἷς ἐνῆν ἔτι σώζεσθαι βοηθείας τε καὶ κηδεμονίας μεταλαβοῦσιν.
But Pyrrhus' army, having lost their tents, beasts of burden, slaves, and all their baggage, encamped on a high place, where they spent the coming night in the open air, without equipment, without medical care, and not even having an abundance of necessary food, so that many of the wounded died, who might still have been saved if they had received aid and care.
τοιούτου τέλους ἔτυχεν ἡ δευτέρα μάχη Ῥωμαίοις πρὸς Πύρρον περὶ πόλιν Ἄσκλον. ατη.
Such was the end of the second battle of the Romans against Pyrrhus near the city of Asculum.