§2.9.1ὁ δὲ Ῥωμύλος ἐπειδὴ διέκρινε τοὺς κρείττους ἀπὸ τῶν ἡττόνων, ἐνομοθέτει μετὰ τοῦτο καὶ διέταττεν, ἃ χρὴ πράττειν ἑκατέρους· τοὺς μὲν εὐπατρίδας ἱερᾶσθαί τε καὶ ἄρχειν καὶ δικάζειν καὶ μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ τὰ κοινὰ πράττειν ἐπὶ τῶν κατὰ τὴν πόλιν ἔργων μένοντας, τοὺς δὲ δημοτικοὺς τούτων μὲν ἀπολελύσθαι τῶν πραγματειῶν ἀπείρους τε αὐτῶν ὄντας καὶ διʼ ἀπορίαν χρημάτων ἀσχόλους, γεωργεῖν δὲ καὶ κτηνοτροφεῖν καὶ τὰς χρηματοποιοὺς ἐργάζεσθαι τέχνας, ἵνα μὴ στασιάζωσιν, ὥσπερ ἐν ταῖς ἄλλαις πόλεσιν, ἢ τῶν ἐν τέλει προπηλακιζόντων τοὺς ταπεινοὺς ἢ τῶν φαύλων καὶ ἀπόρων τοῖς ἐν ταῖς ὑπεροχαῖς φθονούντων. §2.9.2παρακαταθήκας δὲ ἔδωκε τοῖς πατρικίοις τοὺς δημοτικοὺς ἐπιτρέψας ἑκάστῳ τῶν ἐκ τοῦ πλήθους, ὃν αὐτὸς ἐβούλετο, νέμειν προστάτην ἔθος Ἑλληνικὸν καὶ ἀρχαῖον, ᾧ Θετταλοί τε μέχρι πολλοῦ χρώμενοι διετέλεσαν καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι κατʼ ἀρχάς, ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττω λαβών.
Romulus, after he had distinguished those of superior rank from those of inferior, next established laws and regulated what each should do: the patricians were to perform priestly offices, administer magistracies, render justice, and manage public affairs along with him, remaining in the city to attend to its business; the common people, on the other hand, were to be released from these duties, as being inexperienced in them and having no leisure due to their lack of resources, and were to till the ground, breed cattle, and practice lucrative trades, so that they might not engage in sedition, as happens in other cities, either because the magistrates insult the humble, or because the low and needy envy those in high positions. He also committed the common people as a trust to the patricians, allowing each of the multitude to choose as his patron whomever he pleased—a Greek and ancient custom, which the Thessalians continued to use for a long time and the Athenians at first, though Romulus adopted it for a better purpose.
ἐκεῖνοι μὲν γὰρ ὑπεροπτικῶς ἐχρῶντο τοῖς πελάταις ἔργα τε ἐπιτάττοντες οὐ προσήκοντα ἐλευθέροις, καὶ ὁπότε μὴ πράξειάν τι τῶν κελευομένων, πληγὰς ἐντείνοντες καὶ τἆλλα ὥσπερ ἀργυρωνήτοις παραχρώμενοι.
For those Greeks treated their clients with arrogance, imposing on them labors not suitable for free men, and whenever they failed to perform any of their commands, inflicting blows and otherwise abusing them as if they were purchased slaves.
ἐκάλουν δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι μὲν θῆτας τοὺς πελάτας ἐπὶ τῆς λατρείας, Θετταλοὶ δὲ πενέστας ὀνειδίζοντες αὐτοῖς εὐθὺς ἐν τῇ κλήσει τὴν τύχην. §2.9.3ὁ δὲ Ῥωμύλος ἐπικλήσει τε εὐπρεπεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐκόσμησε πατρωνείαν ὀνομάσας τὴν τῶν πενήτων καὶ ταπεινῶν προστασίαν, καὶ τὰ ἔργα χρηστὰ προσέθηκεν ἑκατέροις, καὶ φιλανθρώπους καὶ πολιτικὰς κατασκευαζόμενος αὐτῶν τὰς συζυγίας.
The Athenians called their clients "thetes" because of their service, and the Thessalians "penestai", reproaching them by their very name for their fortune. But Romulus adorned the relation with a handsome name, calling this protection of the poor and humble "patronage", and assigned beneficial duties to both, making their connections friendly and political.