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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §10.27.1-10.27.4

Senate Assembly and the Proposal of Cincinnatus

Passage 767 of 962 · Greek

Summary

While the enemy marches on in expectation of Roman inaction due to domestic discord, the consuls convene the senate, where Lucius Quinctius advises persuading the tribunes to prioritize the war, or else having the patricians and willing citizens march out under divine guidance.

§10.27.1φθειρομένης καὶ διαρπαζομένης τῆς τε Ῥωμαίων καὶ τῶν συμμάχων γῆς, καὶ τῶν πολεμίων ὡς διʼ ἐρημίας ἐλαυνόντων κατʼ ἐλπίδα τοῦ μηδεμίαν ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἐξελεύσεσθαι δύναμιν διὰ τὴν κατέχουσαν ἐν τῇ πόλει στάσιν, οἱ μὲν ὕπατοι τὴν βουλὴν συνήγαγον, ὡς περὶ τῶν ὅλων ἔσχατον τοῦτο βουλευσόμενοι.
While the land both of the Romans and of their allies was being laid waste and plundered, and the enemy was marching as if through a desert in the hope that, because of the civil strife prevailing in the city, no force would march out against them, the consuls assembled the senate, with the intention of deliberating on this as a matter of last resort for the state.
§10.27.2ῥηθέντων δὲ πολλῶν λόγων πρῶτος ἐρωτηθεὶς γνώμην Λεύκιος Κοίντιος, ὁ τῷ παρελθόντι γενόμενος ἔτει δικτάτωρ, ἀνὴρ οὐ μόνον τὰ πολέμια δεινότατος τῶν καθʼ ἑαυτόν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ πολιτικὰ δοκῶν εἶναι φρονιμώτατος, γνώμην ἀπεφήνατο τήνδε· μάλιστα μὲν πείθειν τούς τε δημάρχους καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους πολίτας τὴν μὲν ὑπὲρ τοῦ νόμου διάγνωσιν οὐθὲν ἐν τῷ παρόντι κατεπείγουσαν εἰς ἑτέρους ἀναβαλέσθαι καιροὺς ἐπιτηδειοτέρους, τὸν δʼ ἐν χερσὶν ὄντα καὶ ὅσον οὔπω τῇ πόλει πλησιάζοντα πόλεμον ἄρασθαι πάσῃ προθυμίᾳ, καὶ μὴ περιιδεῖν τὴν μετὰ πολλῶν κτηθεῖσαν ἡγεμονίαν πόνων αἰσχρῶς καὶ ἀνάνδρως ἀπολομένην.
After many speeches had been delivered, Lucius Quinctius, who had been dictator in the preceding year—a man not only most skilled in military affairs among his contemporaries, but also considered most wise in political affairs—being the first asked for his opinion, expressed the following view: that they should, above all, persuade both the tribunes and the other citizens to postpone the decision concerning the law, which was in no way urgent at present, to other more suitable times, and to undertake with all eagerness the war which was at hand and all but approaching the city, and not to allow their supremacy, acquired with many labors, to perish shamefully and basely.
§10.27.3ἐὰν δὲ μὴ πείθηται ὁ δῆμος, τοὺς πατρικίους ἅμα τοῖς πελάταις καθοπλισαμένους τῶν τʼ ἄλλων πολιτῶν παραλαβόντας, οἷς ἦν ἑκοῦσι συνάρασθαι τοῦ καλλίστου ὑπὲρ τῆς πατρίδος ἀγῶνος, χωρεῖν προθύμως ἐπὶ τὸν πόλεμον θεούς, ὅσοι φυλάττουσι τὴν Ῥωμαίων πόλιν, ἡγεμόνας τῆς ἐξόδου ποιησαμένους.
But if the people should not be persuaded, that the patricians, having armed themselves together with their clients and having taken along such of the other citizens as were willing to share in the most noble struggle for their country, should march eagerly to the war, making those gods who guard the city of the Romans the leaders of their expedition.
§10.27.4συμβήσεσθαι γὰρ αὐτοῖς δυεῖν καλῶν ἔργων καὶ δικαίων θάτερον, ἢ νίκην ἐξενέγκασθαι πασῶν ὧν αὐτοί ποτε ἢ οἱ πατέρες ἐξηνέγκαντο λαμπροτάτην, ἢ περὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ καλῶν εὐψύχως ἀγωνιζομένοις ἀποθανεῖν.
For one of two noble and just outcomes would happen to them: either to carry off a victory, the most glorious of all that they themselves or their fathers had ever won, or to die, fighting courageously for the noble things in their country.
ταύτης μέντοι τῆς καλῆς πείρας οὔτʼ αὐτὸς ἀπολείψεσθαι ἔφη, ἀλλʼ ἐν ἴσῳ τοῖς κράτιστα ἐρρωμένοις παρὼν ἀγωνιεῖσθαι, οὔτε τῶν ἄλλων τινὰ πρεσβυτέρων, οἷς ἐστιν ἐλευθερίας τε καὶ δόξης ἀγαθῆς λόγος.
He declared, moreover, that he himself would not be left behind in this noble endeavor, but would be present and fight on equal terms with those in the prime of their strength, nor would any of the other elders, who have regard for freedom and good reputation.

Notes

  1. 10.27.1ὡς περὶ τῶν ὅλων ἔσχατον τοῦτο βουλευσόμενοι — The combination of the conjunction `ὡς` with the future participle `βουλευσόμενοι` expresses the subjective intention or purpose of the subject of the main clause (the consuls). The phrase `τῶν ὅλων` corresponds to the Latin *summa rerum*, referring to the vital interests of the state.
  2. 10.27.2μάλιστα μὲν πείθειν — The infinitive `πείθειν` functions in the indirect discourse introduced by `γνώμην ἀπεφήνατο τήνδε` as an equivalent of an imperative (exhortation), or stands with an implied verb of necessity (such as `δεῖν`).
  3. 10.27.2μὴ περιιδεῖν ... ἀπολομένην — The infinitive `περιιδεῖν` (from `περιορῶ`, to overlook/permit) takes a participle in its complement (the aorist participle `ἀπολομένην`), meaning 'to overlook or allow (their supremacy) to perish.'
  4. 10.27.3οἷς ἦν ἑκοῦσι συνάρασθαι — A classical Greek idiom meaning 'it is the wish of someone (dative)' (dative of possessor with the adjective/participle `ἑκοῦσι`). The infinitive `συνάρασθαι` is the aorist middle of `συναίρομαι` (to take part in, share in) and governs the genitive (`τοῦ ... ἀγῶνος`).
  5. 10.27.4ταύτης μέντοι τῆς καλῆς πείρας οὔτʼ αὐτὸς ἀπολείψεσθαι ἔφη — The infinitive `ἀπολείψεσθαι` is used intransitively (or passively) with the genitive (`ταύτης ... τῆς ... πείρας`), meaning 'to fall short of, be left behind in, or fail to participate in.'

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §10.27.1-10.27.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:10.27.1-10.27.4

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