Humanitext Reader

Lucian · Dialogues of The Gods §14.1-14.2

Zeus Ordering Helios to Prolong the Night for Alcmene

Passage 14 of 25 · Greek

Summary

Zeus orders Helios, through Hermes, to create a three-day-long night so that he can lie with Alcmene and beget Heracles. Despite some complaints, Helios complies with the order.

§14.1ΕΡΜΗΣ Ὠ Ἥλιε, μὴ ἐλάσῃς τήμερον, ὁ Ζεύς φησι, μηδὲ αὔριον μηδὲ εἰς τρίτην ἡμέραν, ἀλλὰ ἔνδον μένε, καὶ τὸ μεταξὺ μία τις ἔστω νὺξ μακρά·
HERMES O Helios, do not drive your chariot today, so Zeus says, nor tomorrow, nor on the third day, but remain inside, and let the interval be one long night.
ὥστε λυέτωσαν μὲν αἱ Ὧραι αὖθις τοὺς ἵππους, σὺ δὲ σβέσον τὸ πῦρ καὶ ἀνάπαυε διὰ μακροῦ σεαυτόν.
Therefore let the Hours unyoke the horses again, and you, extinguish your fire and give yourself a long rest.
ΗΛΙΟΣ Καινὰ ταῦτα, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, καὶ ἀλλόκοτα ἥκεις παραγγέλλων.
HELIOS This is strange and monstrous news that you have come to deliver, Hermes.
ἀλλὰ μὴ παραβαίνειν τι ἔδοξα ἐν τῷ δρόμῳ καὶ ἔξω ἐλάσαι τῶν ὅρων, κᾆτά μοι ἄχθεται καὶ τὴν νύκτα τριπλασίαν τῆς ἡμέρας ποιῆσαι διέγνωκεν;
But can it be that I seemed to commit some transgression in my course and drive outside the boundaries, and so he is angry with me and has decided to make the night three times longer than the day?
ΕΡΜΗΣ Οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον, οὐδὲ ἐς ἀεὶ τοῦτο ἔσται· δεῖται δέ τι νῦν αὐτὸς ἐπιμηκεστέραν γενέσθαι οἱ τὴν νύκτα.
HERMES Nothing of the sort, nor will this be forever; but he himself needs the night to be made longer for him now.
ΗΛΙΟΣ Ποῦ δὲ καὶ ἔστιν ἢ πόθεν ἐξεπέμφθης ταῦτα διαγγελῶν μοι;
HELIOS And where is he, or from where were you sent to announce these things to me?
ΕΡΜΗΣ Ἐκ Βοιωτίας, ὦ Ἥλιε, παρὰ τῆς Ἀμφιτρύωνος, ᾗ σύνεστιν ἐρῶν αὐτῆς.
HERMES From Boeotia, Helios, from the wife of Amphitryon, with whom he is now, being in love with her.
ΗΛΙΟΣ Εἶτα οὐχ ἱκανὴ νὺξ μία;
HELIOS Is one night not enough, then?
ΕΡΜΗΣ Οὐδαμῶς· τεχθῆναι γάρ τινα δεῖ ἐκ τῆς ὁμιλίας ταύτης μέγαν καὶ πολύμοχθον· τοῦτον οὖν ἐν μιᾷ νυκτὶ ἀποτελεσθῆναι ἀδύνατον.
HERMES By no means; for from this intercourse someone great and full of labors must be born; it is therefore impossible for him to be fashioned in a single night.
§14.2ΗΛΙΟΣ Ἀλλὰ τελεσιουργείτω μὲν ἀγαθῇ τύχῃ.
HELIOS Well, let him complete his work with good fortune.
ταῦτα δ’ οὖν, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, οὐκ ἐγίνετο ἐπὶ τοῦ Κρόνου—αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἡμεῖς ἐσμεν—οὐδὲ ἀπόκοιτός ποτε ἐκεῖνος παρὰ τῆς Ῥέας ἦν οὐδὲ ἀπολιπὼν ἂν τὸν οὐρανὸν ἐν Θήβαις ἐκοιμᾶτο, ἀλλὰ ἡμέρα μὲν ἦν ἡ ἡμέρα, νὺξ δὲ κατὰ μέτρον τὸ αὐτῆς ἀνάλογον ταῖς ὥραις, ξένον δὲ ἢ παρηλλαγμένον οὐδέν, οὐδ’ ἂν ἐκοινώνησέ ποτε ἐκεῖνος θνητῇ γυναικί·
But at any rate, Hermes, such things did not happen in the time of Cronus—for we ourselves are witnesses of that—nor was he ever away from Rheia's bed, nor would he leave heaven to sleep in Thebes; but day was day, and night kept its own measure in proportion to the seasons, and there was nothing strange or altered, nor would he ever have associated with a mortal woman.
νῦν δὲ δυστήνου γυναίου ἕνεκα χρὴ ἀνεστράφθαι τὰ πάντα καὶ ἀκαμπεστέρους μὲν γενέσθαι τοὺς ἵππους ὑπὸ τῆς ἀργίας, δύσπορον δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ἀτριβῆ μένουσαν τριῶν ἑξῆς ἡμερῶν, τοὺς δὲ ἀνθρώπους ἀθλίους ἐν σκοτεινῷ διαβιοῦν.
But now, for the sake of a miserable woman, everything must be turned upside down, and my horses must become stiff from idleness, and my path, remaining untrodden for three consecutive days, will become difficult to traverse, while miserable humans must live their lives in darkness.
τοιαῦτα ἀπολαύσονται τῶν Διὸς ἐρώτων καὶ καθεδοῦνται περιμένοντες, ἔστ' ἂν ἐκεῖνος ἀποτελέσῃ τὸν ἀθλητήν, ὃν λέγεις, ὑπὸ μακρῷ τῷ ζόφῳ.
Such are the benefits they will reap from the loves of Zeus, and they will sit waiting in the long darkness until he finishes making that athlete you speak of.
ΕΡΜΗΣ Σιώπα, ὦ Ἥλιε, μή τι κακὸν ἀπολαύσῃς τῶν λόγων.
HERMES Be silent, Helios, lest you reap some harm from your words.
ἐγὼ δὲ παρὰ τὴν Σελήνην ἀπελθὼν καὶ τὸν Ὕπνον ἀπαγγελῶ κἀκείνοις ἅπερ ὁ Ζεὺς ἐπέστειλε, τὴν μὲν σχολῇ προβαίνειν, τὸν δὲ Ὕπνον μὴ ἀνεῖναι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, ὡς ἀγνοήσωσι μακρὰν οὕτω τὴν νύκτα γεγενημένην.
I will go off to Selene and Hypnos and announce to them also what Zeus has commanded: that she should proceed slowly, and that Hypnos should not release mankind, so that they may remain unaware that the night has been made so long.

Notes

  1. 14.1μὴ παραβαίνειν τι ἔδοξα — A construction of `μὴ` with the indicative past (`ἔδοξα`) expressing a fear or concern ("lest I seemed..."). `ἔδοξα` is used in a personal construction with the infinitive `παραβαίνειν`, meaning "I seemed to transgress".
  2. 14.1δεῖται δέ τι νῦν αὐτὸς ἐπιμηκεστέραν γενέσθαι οἱ τὴν νύκτα — The verb `δεῖται` ("needs") takes an accusative with infinitive clause (`ἐπιμηκεστέραν γενέσθαι ... τὴν νύκτα`) instead of its typical genitive. `οἱ` is the third-person singular dative (indirect reflexive pronoun), referring back to the subject of the main clause (Zeus) as "for himself". `τι` is an adverbial accusative meaning "somewhat" or "a bit".
  3. 14.2ἀπολιπὼν ἂν τὸν οὐρανὸν ἐν Θήβαις ἐκοιμᾶτο — The combination of the particle `ἂν` with the imperfect indicative `ἐκοιμᾶτο` expresses either a past counterfactual ("he would not have slept...") or a past habitual action ("he would never sleep..."). The aorist participle `ἀπολιπών` ("having left") functions as the protasis of a conditional sentence ("if he had left").
  4. 14.2χρὴ ἀνεστράφθαι τὰ πάντα καὶ ἀκαμπεστέρους μὲν γενέσθαι τοὺς ἵππους ὑπὸ τῆς ἀργίας, δύσπορον δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ἀτριβῆ μένουσαν τριῶν ἑξῆς ἡμερῶν, τοὺς δὲ ἀνθρώπους ἀθλίους ἐν σκοτεινῷ διαβιοῦν — A series of parallel accusative-with-infinitive constructions governed by the impersonal verb `χρή` ("it is necessary"). In the third clause `δύσπορον δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ἀτριβῆ μένουσαν`, an infinitive such as `γενέσθαι` or `εἶναι` is omitted, where `δύσπορον` serves as the predicate and `τὴν ὁδὸν` as the subject accusative.

Cite this passage

Lucian, Dialogues of The Gods §14.1-14.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0062.tlg068.humanitext-grc3:14.1-14.2

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