Humanitext Reader

Lucian · The Passing of Peregrinus §36-39

Proteus's Immolation and the Tale of the Vulture

Passage 8 of 9 · Greek

Summary

Proteus leaps into the fire to meet his end, and on his way back, Lucian mocks the Cynics and tells the gaping crowd a ridiculous fabricated story about a vulture flying up to heaven, which they eagerly believe.

§36καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἡ σελήνη ἀνέτελλεν — ἔδει γὰρ κἀκείνην θεάσασθαι τὸ κάλλιστον τοῦτο ἔργον — πρόεισιν ἐκεῖνος ἐσκευασμένος ἐς τὸν ἀεὶ τρόπον καὶ ξὺν αὐτῷ τὰ τέλη τῶν κυνῶν, καὶ μάλιστα ὁ γεννάδας ὁ ἐκ Πατρῶν, δᾷδα ἔχων, οὐ φαῦλος δευτεραγωνιστής· ἐδᾳδοφόρει δὲ καὶ ὁ Πρωτεύς.
And when the moon was rising—for she too had to behold this most beautiful deed—he came forward arrayed in his usual fashion, and with him the leaders of the Cynics, especially that noble fellow from Patrae, holding a torch, no mean second actor; and Proteus himself was also carrying a torch.
καὶ προσελθόντες ἄλλος ἀλλαχόθεν ἀνῆψαν τὸ πῦρ μέγιστον ἅτε ἀπὸ δᾴδων καὶ φρυγάνων.
And approaching from various quarters, they kindled a very great fire, as it was made of torches and brushwood.
ὁ δέ — καί μοι πάνυ ἤδη πρόσεχε τὸν νοῦν — ἀποθέμενος τὴν πήραν καὶ τὸ τριβώνιον καὶ τὸ Ἡράκλειον ἐκεῖνο ῥόπαλον, ἔστη ἐν ὀθόνῃ ῥυπώσῃ ἀκριβῶς.
But he—and pay very close attention to me now—laying aside his pouch, his cloak, and that Heraclean club, stood in a thoroughly dirty linen tunic.
εἶτα ᾔτει λιβανωτόν, ὡς ἐπιβάλοι ἐπὶ τὸ πῦρ, καὶ ἀναδόντος τινὸς ἐπέβαλέν τε καὶ εἶπεν ἐς τὴν μεσημβρίαν ἀποβλέπων — καὶ γὰρ καὶ τοῦτʼ αὐτὸ πρὸς τὴν τραγῳδίαν ἦν, ἡ μεσημβρία — δαίμονες μητρῷοι καὶ πατρῷοι, δέξασθέ με εὐμενεῖς. ταῦτα εἰπὼν ἐπήδησεν ἐς τὸ πῦρ, οὐ μὴν ἑωρᾶτό γε, ἀλλὰ περιεσχέθη ὑπὸ τῆς φλογὸς πολλῆς ἠρμένης.
Then he asked for frankincense to cast upon the fire, and when someone handed it to him, he threw it in and said, looking toward the south—for this very thing, the south, was also part of the tragedy: "Gods of my mother and my father, receive me with favor." Having said this, he leaped into the fire; indeed, he was no longer seen, but was encompassed by the great rising flame.
§37αὖθις ὁρῶ γελῶντά σε, ὦ καλὲ Κρόνιε, τὴν καταστροφὴν τοῦ δράματος.
Again I see you laughing, my dear Cronius, at the catastrophe of the drama.
ἐγὼ δὲ τοὺς μητρῴους μὲν δαίμονας ἐπιβοώμενον μὰ τὸν Δίʼ οὐ σφόδρα ᾐτιώμην· ὅτε δὲ καὶ τοὺς πατρῴους ἐπεκαλέσατο, ἀναμνησθεὶς τῶν περὶ τοῦ φόνου εἰρημένων οὐδὲ κατέχειν ἠδυνάμην τὸν γέλωτα.
For my part, by Zeus, I did not blame him very much for invoking his mother's gods; but when he also called upon his father's gods, remembering what had been said about the murder, I could not even hold back my laughter.
οἱ Κυνικοὶ δὲ περιστάντες τὴν πυρὰν οὐκ ἐδάκρυον μέν, σιωπῇ δὲ ἐνεδείκνυντο λύπην τινὰ εἰς τὸ πῦρ ὁρῶντες, ἄχρι δὴ ἀποπνιγεὶς ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς, ἀπίωμεν, φημί, ὦ μάταιοι· οὐ γὰρ ἡδὺ τὸ θέαμα ὠπτημένον γέροντα ὁρᾶν κνίσης ἀναπιμπλαμένους πονηρᾶς.
But the Cynics, standing around the pyre, did not weep, but in silence showed a certain grief as they looked into the fire, until quite disgusted with them, "Let us depart," I said, "you foolish men; for it is not a pleasant sight to see an roasted old man, and to be filled with a foul stench.
ἢ περιμένετε ἔστʼ ἂν γραφεύς τις ἐπελθὼν ἀπεικάσῃ ὑμᾶς οἵους τοὺς ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ ἑταίρους τῷ Σωκράτει παραγράφουσιν; ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν ἠγανάκτουν καὶ ἐλοιδοροῦντό μοι, ἔνιοι δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς βακτηρίας ᾖξαν.
Or are you waiting until some painter comes and depicts you like the companions in prison whom they paint around Socrates?" They, then, were indignant and abused me, and some even rushed for their staffs.
εἶτα, ἐπειδὴ ἠπείλησα ξυναρπάσας τινὰς ἐμβαλεῖν εἰς τὸ πῦρ, ὡς ἂν ἕποιντο τῷ διδασκάλῳ, ἐπαύσαντο καὶ εἰρήνην ἦγον.
Then, when I threatened to seize some of them and throw them into the fire so that they might follow their master, they desisted and kept the peace.
§38ἐγὼ δὲ ἐπανιὼν ποικίλα, ὦ ἑταῖρε, πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν ἐνενόουν, τὸ φιλόδοξον οἷόν τί ἐστιν ἀναλογιζόμενος, ὡς μόνος οὗτος ὁ ἔρως ἄφυκτος καὶ τοῖς πάνυ θαυμαστοῖς εἶναι δοκοῦσιν, οὐχ ὅπως ἐκείνῳ τἀνδρὶ καὶ τἄλλα ἐμπλήκτως καὶ ἀπονενοημένως βεβιωκότι καὶ οὐκ ἀναξίως τοῦ πυρός.
And as I returned, my friend, I pondered many various things in my mind, reflecting on what a thing love of glory is, how this passion alone is inescapable even for those who seem to be quite admirable, not to mention that man who in other respects had lived in a flighty and desperate manner, and not undeserving of the fire.
§39εἶτα ἐνετύγχανον πολλοῖς ἀπιοῦσιν ὡς θεάσαιντο καὶ αὐτοί· ᾤοντο γὰρ ἔτι καταλήψεσθαι ζῶντα αὐτόν.
Then I met many who were going there to see it themselves; for they thought they would still find him alive.
καὶ γὰρ καὶ τόδε τῇ προτεραίᾳ διεδέδοτο ὡς πρὸς ἀνίσχοντα τὸν ἥλιον ἀσπασάμενος, ὥσπερ ἀμέλει καὶ τοὺς Βραχμᾶνάς φασι ποιεῖν, ἐπιβήσεται τῆς πυρᾶς.
For indeed, this also had been spread on the day before: that after greeting the rising sun, just as they say the Brahmans do, he would mount the pyre.
ἀπέστρεφον δʼ οὖν τοὺς πολλοὺς αὐτῶν λέγων ἤδη τετελέσθαι τὸ ἔργον, οἷς μὴ καὶ τοῦτʼ αὐτὸ περισπούδαστον ἦν, κἂν αὐτὸν ἰδεῖν τὸν τόπον καί τι λείψανον καταλαμβάνειν τοῦ πυρός.
I turned back most of them, saying that the deed was already finished, except for those to whom this very thing was highly desirable, even to see the place itself and to get some relic of the fire.
ἔνθα δή, ὦ ἑταῖρε, μυρία πράγματα εἶχον ἅπασι διηγούμενος καὶ ἀνακρίνουσιν καὶ ἀκριβῶς ἐκπυνθανομένοις.
There indeed, my friend, I had endless trouble explaining to everyone as they questioned me and inquired minutely.
εἰ μὲν οὖν ἴδοιμί τινα χαρίεντα, ψιλὰ ἂν ὥσπερ σοὶ τὰ πραχθέντα διηγούμην, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς βλᾶκας καὶ πρὸς τὴν ἀκρόασιν κεχηνότας ἐτραγῴδουν τι παρʼ ἐμαυτοῦ, ὡς ἐπειδὴ ἀνήφθη μὲν ἡ πυρά, ἐνέβαλεν δὲ φέρων ἑαυτὸν ὁ Πρωτεύς, σεισμοῦ πρότερον μεγάλου γενομένου σὺν μυκηθμῷ τῆς γῆς, γὺψ ἀναπτάμενος ἐκ μέσης τῆς φλογὸς οἴχοιτο ἐς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνθρωπιστὶ μεγάλῃ τῇ φωνῇ λέγων "ἔλιπον γᾶν, βαίνω δʼ ἐς Ὄλυμπον. " ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν ἐτεθήπεσαν καὶ προσεκύνουν ὑποφρίττοντες καὶ ἀνέκρινόν με πότερον πρὸς ἕω ἢ πρὸς δυσμὰς ἐνεχθείη ὁ γύψ· ἐγὼ δὲ τὸ ἐπελθὸν ἀπεκρινάμην αὐτοῖς.
If I saw some cultivated person, I would relate the facts plainly, just as I did to you; but to the blockheads who were gaping to hear, I dramatized something of my own, saying that when the pyre was kindled and Proteus threw himself in, a great earthquake having first occurred with a bellowing of the earth, a vulture flew up out of the midst of the flame and went off to heaven, saying in a great human voice: "I have left the earth, I go to Olympus." They, then, were amazed and worshipped him with a shudder, and asked me whether the vulture had flown toward the east or toward the west; and I answered them whatever came into my mind.

Notes

  1. 36τὰ τέλη τῶν κυνῶν — Meaning 'the leaders of the Cynics' or 'the authorities of the Cynics'. The word τὰ τέλη usually denotes 'magistracies,' 'authorities,' or 'governing body,' but here it is used with ironical exaggeration to refer to the prominent members of the Cynic sect (κύνες).
  2. 37ἀποπνιγεὶς ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς — Literally 'having been choked/suffocated in relation to them.' It has a double meaning: being physically choked by the smoke of the pyre and being metaphorically 'choked' or 'disgusted/fed up' with the foolish behavior of the Cynics. Here it mainly expresses the speaker's irritation and disgust at their attitude.
  3. 38οὐχ ὅπως ἐκείνῳ τἀνδρὶ ... καὶ οὐκ ἀναξίως τοῦ πυρός — The phrase οὐχ ὅπως meaning 'not to mention,' 'let alone,' connects the previous clause ('inescapable even for those who seem admirable') to show that it is even more so for the subject. The double negation οὐκ ἀναξίως ('not undeserving') functions as a strong assertion that he is thoroughly deserving of the fire.
  4. 39ὡς ἐπειδὴ ἀνήφθη μὲν ἡ πυρά ... οἴχοιτο — The optative οἴχοιτο is used in a ὡς-clause of indirect speech (optativus obliquus) introduced by the main verb ἐτραγῴδουν (imperfect of repeated action), indicating that this is the content of the fictitious story that the speaker related to the crowd.

Cite this passage

Lucian, The Passing of Peregrinus §36-39. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0062.tlg042.humanitext-grc2:36-39

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