§7ὕπαρχοι δὲ καὶ σατράπαι καὶ δικασταὶ κάθηνται δύο, Μίνως τε καὶ Ῥαδάμανθυς οἱ Κρῆτες, ὄντες υἱοὶ τοῦ Διός.
And sub-governors and satraps and judges sit there, two of them, Minos and Rhadamanthys, Cretans, who are sons of Zeus.
οὗτοι δὲ τοὺς μὲν ἀγαθοὺς τῶν ἀνδρῶν καὶ δικαίους καὶ κατʼ ἀρετὴν βεβιωκότας, ἐπειδὰν συναλισθῶσι πολλοί, καθάπερ εἰς ἀποικίαν τινὰ πέμπουσιν εἰς τὸ Ἠλύσιον πεδίον τῷ ἀρίστῳ βίῳ συνεσομένους.
These, whenever many are gathered together, send the good and just among men, who have lived according to virtue, as if to some colony, to the Elysian Fields, to live together in the best life.
§8ἂν δέ τινας τῶν πονηρῶν λάβωσι, ταῖς Ἐρινύσι παραδόντες εἰς τὸν τῶν ἀσεβῶν χῶρον εἰσπέμπουσι κατὰ λόγον τῆς ἀδικίας κολασθησομένους.
But if they catch any of the wicked, they hand them over to the Erinyes and send them to the place of the impious, to be punished in proportion to their injustice.
ἔνθα δὴ τί κακῶν οὐ πάσχουσι στρεβλούμενοί τε καὶ καιόμενοι καὶ ὑπὸ γυπῶν ἐσθιόμενοι καὶ τροχῷ συμπεριφερόμενοι καὶ λίθους ἀνακυλίοντες;
There, indeed, what evils do they not suffer, being racked and burned and eaten by vultures and whirled around on a wheel and rolling up stones?
ὁ μὲν γὰρ Τάνταλος ἐπʼ αὐτῇ τῇ λίμνῃ αὖος ἕστηκεν κινδυνεύων ὑπὸ δίψους ὁ κακοδαίμων ἀποθανεῖν.
For the unfortunate Tantalus stands parched on the very edge of the lake, in danger of dying of thirst.
§9οἱ δὲ τοῦ μέσου βίου, πολλοὶ ὄντες οὗτοι, ἐν τῷ λειμῶνι πλανῶνται ἄνευ τῶν σωμάτων σκιαὶ γενόμενοι καὶ ὑπὸ τῇ ἁφῇ καθάπερ καπνὸς ἀφανιζόμενοι.
But those of the middle life, who are many, wander in the meadow, having become shadows without bodies, and vanishing like smoke under the touch.
τρέφονται δὲ ἄρα ταῖς παρʼ ἡμῖν χοαῖς καὶ τοῖς καθαγιζομένοις ἐπὶ τῶν τάφων· ὡς εἴ τῳ μὴ εἴη καταλελειμμένος ὑπὲρ γῆς φίλος ἢ συγγενής, ἄσιτος οὗτος νεκρὸς καὶ λιμώττων ἐν αὐτοῖς πολιτεύεται.
And they are nourished, as it turns out, by the libations from us and the sacrifices at their tombs; so that if anyone does not have a friend or relative left behind on earth, this corpse dwells among them without food and starving.
§10ταῦτα οὕτως ἰσχυρῶς περιελήλυθε τοὺς πολλοὺς ὥστε ἐπειδάν τις ἀποθάνῃ τῶν οἰκείων, πρῶτα μὲν φέροντες ὀβολὸν εἰς τὸ στόμα κατέθηκαν αὐτῷ, μισθὸν τῷ πορθμεῖ τῆς ναυτιλίας γενησόμενον, οὐ πρότερον ἐξετάσαντες ὁποῖον τὸ νόμισμα νομίζεται καὶ διαχωρεῖ παρὰ τοῖς κάτω, καὶ εἰ δύναται παρʼ ἐκείνοις Ἀττικὸς ἢ Μακεδονικὸς ἢ Αἰγιναῖος ὀβολός, οὐδʼ ὅτι πολὺ κάλλιον ἦν μὴ ἔχειν τὰ πορθμεῖα καταβαλεῖν· οὕτω γὰρ ἂν οὐ παραδεξαμένου τοῦ πορθμέως ἀναπόμπιμοι πάλιν εἰς τὸν βίον ἀφικνοῦντο.
These things have so strongly possessed the common people that whenever one of their household dies, they first of all bring an obol and place it in his mouth, to be the fare for the ferryman for the voyage, without first investigating what kind of currency is customary and circulates among those below, and whether an Attic, Macedonian, or Aeginetan obol is valid among them, nor considering that it would be much better not to have the fare to pay; for in this way, since the ferryman would not receive them, they would return sent back to life again.
§11μετὰ ταῦτα δὲ λούσαντες αὐτούς, ὡς οὐχ ἱκανῆς τῆς κάτω λίμνης λουτρὸν εἶναι τοῖς ἐκεῖ, καὶ μύρῳ τῷ καλλίστῳ χρίσαντες τὸ σῶμα πρὸς δυσωδίαν ἤδη βιαζόμενον καὶ στεφανώσαντες τοῖς ὡραίοις ἄνθεσι προτίθενται λαμπρῶς ἀμφιέσαντες, ἵνα μὴ ῥιγῷεν δῆλον ὅτι παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν μηδὲ γυμνοὶ βλέποιντο τῷ Κερβέρῳ.
After this, having washed them—as if the lake below were not sufficient to be a bath for those there—and having anointed the body with the finest perfume, which is already struggling against foul odor, and having crowned it with beautiful seasonal flowers, they lay it out in state, dressed splendidly, clearly so that they might not shiver along the way, nor be seen naked by Cerberus.
§12οἰμωγαὶ δὲ ἐπὶ τούτοις καὶ κωκυτὸς γυναικῶν καὶ παρὰ πάντων δάκρυα καὶ στέρνα τυπτόμενα καὶ σπαραττομένη κόμη καὶ φοινισσόμεναι παρειαί· καί που καὶ ἐσθὴς καταρρήγνυται καὶ κόνις ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ πάσσεται, καὶ οἱ ζῶντες οἰκτρότεροι τοῦ νεκροῦ· οἱ μὲν γὰρ χαμαὶ κυλινδοῦνται πολλάκις καὶ τὰς κεφαλὰς ἀράττουσι πρὸς τὸ ἔδαφος, ὁ δʼ εὐσχήμων καὶ καλὸς καὶ καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ἐστεφανωμένος ὑψηλὸς πρόκειται καὶ μετέωρος ὥσπερ εἰς πομπὴν κεκοσμημένος.
Lamentations follow upon this, and wailing of women, and tears from all, and beating of breasts, and tearing of hair, and bloodying of cheeks; and somewhere even clothing is torn, and dust is sprinkled on the head, and the living are more pitiable than the dead; for they often roll on the ground and strike their heads against the floor, while the dead man, decent and handsome and crowned to excess, lies high and elevated, adorned as if for a procession.
§13εἶθʼ ἡ μήτηρ ἢ καὶ νὴ Δία ὁ πατὴρ ἐκ μέσων τῶν συγγενῶν προελθὼν καὶ περιχυθεὶς αὐτῷ — προκείσθω γάρ τις νέος καὶ καλός, ἵνα καὶ ἀκμαιότερον τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ δρᾶμα ᾖ — φωνὰς ἀλλοκότους καὶ ματαίας ἀφίησι, πρὸς ἃς ὁ νεκρὸς αὐτὸς ἀποκρίναιτʼ ἄν, εἰ λάβοι φωνήν· φήσει γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ γοερόν τι φθεγγόμενος καὶ παρατείνων ἕκαστον τῶν ὀνομάτων,
τέκνον ἥδιστον, οἴχῃ μοι καὶ τέθνηκας καὶ πρὸ ὥρας ἀνηρπάσθης, μόνον ἐμὲ τὸν ἄθλιον καταλιπών, οὐ γαμήσας, οὐ παιδοποιησάμενος, οὐ στρατευσάμενος, οὐ γεωργήσας, οὐκ εἰς γῆρας ἐλθών· οὐ κωμάσῃ πάλιν οὐδὲ ἐρασθήσῃ, τέκνον, οὐδὲ ἐν συμποσίοις μετὰ τῶν ἡλικιωτῶν μεθυσθήσῃ.
Then the mother, or by Zeus, the father, stepping forward from the midst of the relatives and throwing himself upon him—for let us suppose the deceased is young and handsome, so that the drama over him may be more intense—utters strange and vain cries, to which the dead man himself would reply if he could get a voice; for the father will say, wailing lamentably and drawing out each of the words: "My sweetest child, you are gone from me and dead, and snatched away before your time, leaving me, the miserable one, all alone, not having married, nor having fathered children, nor having served in the army, nor having farmed, nor having reached old age; you will never revel again, nor fall in love, my child, nor get drunk at symposia with those of your age."