§38Σόλων
ἐπεὶ δὲ φής, ὦ Ἀνάχαρσι, καὶ τὴν ἄλλην Ἑλλάδα ἐπελεύσεσθαι, μέμνησο ἤν ποτε καὶ εἰς Λακεδαίμονα ἔλθῃς, μὴ καταγελάσαι μηδὲ ἐκείνων μηδὲ οἴεσθαι μάτην πονεῖν αὐτούς, ὁπόταν ἢ σφαίρας πέρι ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ συμπεσόντες παίωσιν ἀλλήλους ἢ εἰς χωρίον εἰσελθόντες ὕδατι περιγεγραμμένον, εἰς φάλαγγα διαστάντες, τὰ πολεμίων ἀλλήλους ἐργάζωνται γυμνοὶ καὶ αὐτοί, ἄχρις ἂν ἐκβάλωσι τοῦ περιγράμματος τὸ ἕτερον σύνταγμα οἱ ἕτεροι, τοὺς κατὰ Λυκοῦργον οἱ καθʼ Ἡρακλέα ἢ ἔμπαλιν, συνωθοῦντες εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ· τὸ γὰρ ἀπὸ τούτου εἰρήνη λοιπὸν καὶ οὐδεὶς ἂν ἔτι παίσειε.
Solon And since you say, Anacharsis, that you will also go over the rest of Greece, remember, if ever you should come to Lacedaemon as well, not to laugh at them nor to think that they labor in vain, whenever they either clash and strike one another over a ball in the theater, or entering a place enclosed by water, drawn up in phalanx, perform hostile acts against one another, they too being naked, until the one division drives the other out of the enclosure—those of Lycurgus' name driving those of Heracles' name or vice versa—shoving them into the water; for after this there is peace for the rest, and no one would strike any longer.
μάλιστα δὲ ἢν ὁρᾷς μαστιγουμένους αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ καὶ αἵματι ῥεομένους, πατέρας δὲ καὶ μητέρας παρεστώσας οὐχ ὅπως ἀνιωμένας ἐπὶ τοῖς γιγνομένοις ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπειλούσας, εἰ μὴ ἀντέχοιεν πρὸς τὰς πληγάς, καὶ ἱκετευούσας ἐπὶ μήκιστον διαρκέσαι πρὸς τὸν πόνον καὶ ἐγκαρτερῆσαι τοῖς δεινοῖς.
And especially if you see them being scourged at the altar and flowing with blood, and their fathers and mothers standing by, not indeed being distressed at what is happening but even threatening them if they should not hold out against the blows, and entreating them to endure the labor for the longest time and to bear up against the terrors.
πολλοὶ γοῦν καὶ ἐναπέθανον τῷ ἀγῶνι μὴ ἀξιώσαντες ἀπαγορεῦσαι ζῶντες ἔτι ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς τῶν οἰκείων μηδὲ εἶξαι τοῖς σώμασιν· ὧν καὶ τοὺς ἀνδριάντας ὄψει τιμωμένους δημοσίᾳ ὑπὸ τῆς Σπάρτης ἀνασταθέντας.
Many, at any rate, have even died in the contest, not deigning to give up while still living in the sight of their kinsmen nor to yield to their bodies; whose statues too you will see erected by Sparta, honored publicly.
Ὅταν τοίνυν ὁρᾷς κἀκεῖνα, μήτε μαίνεσθαι ὑπολάβῃς αὐτοὺς μήτε εἴπῃς, ὡς οὐδεμιᾶς ἕνεκα αἰτίας ἀναγκαίας ταλαιπωροῦσι, μήτε τυράννου βιαζομένου μήτε πολεμίων διατιθέντων.
When therefore you see those things as well, neither suppose them to be mad nor say that they endure hardships for no necessary cause, when no tyrant is forcing them and no enemies are inflicting it.
εἴποι γὰρ ἄν σοι καὶ ὑπὲρ ἐκείνων Λυκοῦργος ὁ νομοθέτης αὐτῶν πολλὰ τὰ εὔλογα καὶ ἃ συνιδὼν κολάζει αὐτούς, οὐκ ἐχθρὸς ὢν οὐδὲ ὑπὸ μίσους αὐτὸ δρῶν οὐδὲ τὴν νεολαίαν τῆς πόλεως εἰκῆ παραναλίσκων, ἀλλὰ καρτερικωτάτους καὶ παντὸς δεινοῦ κρείττονας ἀξιῶν εἶναι τοὺς σώζειν μέλλοντας τὴν πατρίδα.
For Lycurgus their lawgiver would tell you on their behalf also many reasonable things and because of which, having perceived them, he punishes them, not being an enemy nor doing this out of hatred, nor spending the youth of the city in vain, but deigning that those who are going to save the fatherland should be most patient and superior to every terror.
καίτοι κἂν μὴ ὁ Λυκοῦργος εἴπῃ, ἐννοεῖς, οἶμαι, καὶ αὐτὸς ὡς οὐκ ἄν ποτε ληφθεὶς ὁ τοιοῦτος ἐν πολέμῳ ἀπόρρητόν τι ἐξείποι τῆς Σπάρτης αἰκιζομένων τῶν ἐχθρῶν, ἀλλὰ καταγελῶν αὐτῶν μαστιγοῖτο ἂν ἁμιλλώμενος πρὸς τὸν παίοντα, ὁπότερος ἀπαγορεύσειεν.
And yet even if Lycurgus should not say so, you yourself, I think, also perceive that such a man, if captured in war, would never reveal any secret of Sparta when the enemies torture him, but laughing at them, would be scourged, contending against the one striking, which of the two would give up first.
§39Ἀνάχαρσις
ὁ Λυκοῦργος δὲ καὶ αὐτός, ὦ Σόλων, ἐμαστιγοῦτο ἐφʼ ἡλικίας, ἢ ἐκπρόθεσμος ὢν ἤδη τοῦ ἀγῶνος ἀσφαλῶς τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐνεανιεύσατο;
Anacharsis And did Lycurgus himself also, Solon, get scourged in his youth, or being already past the age for the contest, did he securely prescribe such bold things?
Σόλων
πρεσβύτης ἤδη ὢν ἔγραψε τοὺς νόμους αὐτοῖς Κρήτηθεν ἀφικόμενος.
Solon Being already an old man, he wrote the laws for them, having arrived from Crete.
ἀποδεδημήκει δὲ παρὰ τοὺς Κρῆτας, ὅτι ἤκουεν εὐνομωτάτους εἶναι, Μίνωος τοῦ Διὸς νομοθετήσαντος ἐν αὐτοῖς.
And he had traveled to the Cretans because he heard they were most well-governed, Minos the son of Zeus having legislated among them.
Ἀνάχαρσις
τί οὖν, ὦ Σόλων, οὐχὶ καὶ σὺ ἐμιμήσω Λυκοῦργον καὶ μαστιγοῖς τοὺς νέους;
Anacharsis Why then, Solon, did you not also imitate Lycurgus and scourge the young men?
καλὰ γὰρ καὶ ταῦτα καὶ ἄξια ὑμῶν ἐστιν.
For these things too are beautiful and worthy of you.
Σόλων
ὅτι ἡμῖν ἱκανά, ὦ Ἀνάχαρσι, ταῦτα τὰ γυμνάσια οἰκεῖα ὄντα· ζηλοῦν δὲ τὰ ξενικὰ οὐ πάνυ ἀξιοῦμεν.
Solon Because for us, Anacharsis, these exercises are sufficient, being our own; and we do not quite deign to imitate foreign ones.
Ἀνάχαρσις
οὔκ;
Anacharsis No?
ἀλλὰ συνίης, οἶμαι, οἷόν τί ἐστι μαστιγοῦσθαι γυμνὸν ἄνω τὰς χεῖρας ἐπαίροντα μηδενὸς ἕνεκα ὠφελίμου ἢ αὐτῷ ἑκάστῳ ἢ κοινῇ τῇ πόλει.
But you understand, I think, what sort of thing it is to be scourged naked, holding one's hands up, for nothing useful either to each individual or in common to the city.
ὡς ἔγωγε ἤν ποτε ἐπιδημήσω τῇ Σπάρτῃ καθʼ ὃν καιρὸν ταῦτα δρῶσι, δοκῶ μοι τάχιστα καταλευσθήσεσθαι δημοσίᾳ πρὸς αὐτῶν, ἐπιγελῶν ἑκάστοις, ὁπόταν ὁρῶ τυπτομένους καθάπερ κλέπτας ἢ λωποδύτας ἤ τι ἄλλο τοιοῦτον ἐργασαμένους.
Since for my part, if ever I should visit Sparta at the time when they do these things, I think I would very quickly be stoned publicly by them, laughing at each of them when I see them being beaten like thieves or cutpurses or those who have committed some other such deed.
ἀτεχνῶς γὰρ ἐλλεβόρου δεῖσθαί μοι δοκεῖ ἡ πόλις αὐτῶν καταγέλαστα ὑφʼ αὑτῆς πάσχουσα.
For their city seems to me absolutely to need hellebore, suffering such ridiculous things at its own hands.
§40Σόλων
μὴ ἐρήμην, ὦ γενναῖε, μηδὲ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἀπόντων μόνος αὐτὸς λέγων οἴου κρατεῖν· ἔσται γάρ τις ὁ καὶ ὑπὲρ ἐκείνων σοι τὰ εἰκότα ἐν Σπάρτῃ ἀντερῶν.
Solon Noble friend, do not think to win by default, speaking all by yourself in the absence of the men; for there will be someone in Sparta who will argue back what is reasonable on their behalf as well.
πλὴν ἀλλὰ ἐπείπερ ἐγὼ τὰ ἡμέτερά σοι διεξελήλυθα, σὺ δὲ οὐ πάνυ ἀρεσκομένῳ αὐτοῖς ἔοικας, οὐκ ἄδικα αἰτήσειν ἔοικα παρὰ σοῦ ὡς καὶ αὐτὸς ἐν τῷ μέρει διεξέλθῃς πρός με ὃν τρόπον ὑμεῖς οἱ Σκύθαι διασκεῖτε τοὺς νέους τοὺς παρʼ ὑμῖν καὶ οἷστισι γυμνασίοις ἀνατρέφετε καὶ ὅπως ὑμῖν ἄνδρες ἀγαθοὶ γίγνονται.
But since I have gone through our affairs for you, and you seem not quite pleased with them, I seem likely to make no unjust demand of you that you too in your turn should go through for me in what manner you Scythians train the young men among you, and with what exercises you rear them, and how they become good men for you.
Ἀνάχαρσις
δικαιότατα μὲν οὖν, ὦ Σόλων, καὶ ἔγωγε διηγήσομαι τὰ Σκυθῶν νόμιμα, οὐ σεμνὰ ἴσως οὐδὲ καθʼ ὑμᾶς, οἵ γε οὐδὲ κατὰ κόρρης παταχθῆναι τολμήσαιμεν ἂν μίαν πληγήν· δειλοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν· ἀλλὰ εἰρήσεταί γε ὁποῖα ἂν ᾖ.
Anacharsis Most justly indeed, Solon, and I too will relate the customs of the Scythians, which are perhaps not grand nor according to your standard, since we indeed would not dare to be struck even a single blow on the cheek—for we are cowardly—but they shall be told, whatever they may be.
εἰς αὔριον μέντοι, εἰ δοκεῖ, ὑπερβαλώμεθα τὴν συνουσίαν, ὡς ἅ τε αὐτὸς ἔφης ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐννοήσαιμι καθʼ ἡσυχίαν ἅ τε χρὴ εἰπεῖν συναγάγοιμι τῇ μνήμῃ ἐπελθών.
However, if it seems good, let us postpone our meeting until tomorrow, so that I may reflect still more at leisure on what you yourself said, and gather in my memory the things I ought to say, going over them.
τὸ δὲ νῦν ἔχον ἀπίωμεν ἐπὶ τούτοις· ἑσπέρα γὰρ ἤδη.
For the present, let us depart on these terms; for it is already evening.