§5ἢ γὰρ οὐ ταῦτα σεμνολογοῦσιν οἱ ποιηταὶ περὶ τῶν θεῶν καὶ πολὺ τούτων ἱερώτερα περί τε Ἡφαίστου καὶ Προμηθέως καὶ Κρόνου καὶ Ῥέας καὶ σχεδὸν ὅλης τῆς τοῦ Διὸς οἰκίας;
For do not the poets speak solemnly about the gods in this way, and tell of things far more sacred than these concerning Hephaestus, Prometheus, Cronus, Rhea, and almost the entire household of Zeus?
καὶ ταῦτα παρακαλέσαντες τὰς Μούσας συνῳδοὺς ἐν ἀρχῇ τῶν ἐπῶν, ὑφʼ ὧν δὴ ἔνθεοι γενόμενοι, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, ᾄδουσιν ὡς ὁ μὲν Κρόνος ἐπειδὴ τάχιστα ἐξέτεμε τὸν πατέρα τὸν Οὐρανόν, ἐβασίλευσέν τε ἐν αὐτῷ καὶ τὰ τέκνα κατήσθιεν ὥσπερ ὁ Ἀργεῖος Θυέστης ὕστερον· ὁ δὲ Ζεὺς κλαπεὶς ὑπὸ τῆς Ῥέας ὑποβαλομένης τὸν λίθον εἰς τὴν Κρήτην ἐκτεθεὶς ὑπʼ αἰγὸς ἀνετράφη καθάπερ ὁ Τήλεφος ὑπὸ ἐλάφου καὶ ὁ Πέρσης Κῦρος ὁ πρότερος ὑπὸ τῆς κυνός, εἶτʼ ἐξελάσας τὸν πατέρα καὶ εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον καταβαλὼν αὐτὸς ἔσχε τὴν ἀρχήν· ἔγημε δὲ πολλὰς μὲν καὶ ἄλλας, ὑστάτην δὲ τὴν ἀδελφὴν κατὰ τοὺς Περσῶν καὶ Ἀσσυρίων νόμους· ἐρωτικὸς δὲ ὢν καὶ εἰς τὰ ἀφροδίσια ἐκκεχυμένος ῥᾳδίως ἐνέπλησε παίδων τὸν οὐρανόν, τοὺς μὲν ἐξ ὁμοτίμων ποιησάμενος, ἐνίους δὲ νόθους ἐκ τοῦ θνητοῦ καὶ ἐπιγείου γένους, ἄρτι μὲν ὁ γεννάδας γενόμενος χρυσός, ἄρτι δὲ ταῦρος ἢ κύκνος ἢ ἀετός, καὶ ὅλως ποικιλώτερος αὐτοῦ Πρωτέως· μόνην δὲ τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν ἔφυσεν ἐκ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ κεφαλῆς ὑπʼ αὐτὸν ἀτεχνῶς τὸν ἐγκέφαλον συλλαβών· τὸν μὲν γὰρ Διόνυσον ἡμιτελῆ, φασίν, ἐκ τῆς μητρὸς ἔτι καιομένης ἁρπάσας ἐν τῷ μηρῷ φέρων κατώρυξε κᾆτα ἐξέτεμεν τῆς ὠδῖνος ἐνστάσης. §6ὅμοια δὲ τούτοις καὶ περὶ τῆς Ἥρας ᾄδουσιν, ἄνευ τῆς πρὸς τὸν ἄνδρα ὁμιλίας ὑπηνέμιον αὐτὴν παῖδα γεννῆσαι τὸν Ἥφαιστον, οὐ μάλα εὐτυχῆ τοῦτον, ἀλλὰ βάναυσον καὶ χαλκέα καὶ πυρίτην, ἐν καπνῷ τὸ πᾶν βιοῦντα καὶ σπινθήρων ἀνάπλεων οἷα δὴ καμινευτήν, καὶ οὐδὲ ἄρτιον τὼ πόδε· χωλευθῆναι γὰρ αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ πτώματος, ὁπότε ἐρρίφη ὑπὸ τοῦ Διὸς ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ εἴ γε μὴ οἱ Λήμνιοι καλῶς ποιοῦντες ἔτι φερόμενον αὐτὸν ὑπεδέξαντο, κἂν ἐτεθνήκει ἡμῖν ὁ Ἥφαιστος ὥσπερ ὁ Ἀστυάναξ ἀπὸ τοῦ πύργου καταπεσών.
And having invoked the Muses as fellow-singers at the beginning of their epic poems, inspired by whom, as is natural, they sing how Cronus, as soon as he castrated his father Uranus, ruled in his place and devoured his children just as the Argive Thyestes did later; and how Zeus, stolen away by Rhea who substituted a stone, was exposed in Crete and reared by a goat, just as Telephus was by a deer and Cyrus the Elder of Persia by a dog, and then, having driven out his father and cast him into prison, held the rule himself; and how he married many other women, and finally his sister, according to the laws of the Persians and Assyrians; and being amorous and abandoned to sexual pleasures, he easily filled heaven with children, making some from those of equal rank, and some bastards from the mortal and earthly race, at one time becoming noble gold, at another a bull, a swan, or an eagle, and in short, more changeable than Proteus himself; and how he gave birth to Athena alone from his own head, conceiving her literally from his very brain; for Dionysus, they say, being snatched half-formed from his mother while she was still burning, was carried in his thigh and buried there, and then he cut him out when the labor pains came upon him. And they sing similar things about Hera as well, that without intercourse with her husband she gave birth to Hephaestus as a wind-begotten child, who was not very fortunate, but a common artisan, a blacksmith, and a worker of fire, living his whole life in smoke and covered with sparks like a furnace-man, and not even sound in both his feet; for he was lamed by his fall when he was cast out of heaven by Zeus, and if the Lemnians had not kindly received him while he was still falling, Hephaestus would have died for us just like Astyanax who fell from the tower.
Καίτοι τὰ μὲν Ἡφαίστου μέτρια· τὸν δὲ Προμηθέα τίς οὐκ οἶδεν οἷα ἔπαθεν, διότι καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν φιλάνθρωπος ἦν;
Yet the misfortunes of Hephaestus were moderate; but who does not know what Prometheus suffered because he was exceedingly friendly to mankind?
καὶ γὰρ αὖ καὶ τοῦτον εἰς τὴν Σκυθίαν ἀγαγὼν ὁ Ζεὺς ἀνεσταύρωσεν ἐπὶ τοῦ Καυκάσου, τὸν ἀετὸν αὐτῷ παρακαταστήσας τὸ ἧπαρ ὁσημέραι κολάψοντα. §7οὗτος μὲν οὖν ἐξετέλεσε τὴν καταδίκην.
For Zeus, having brought him too to Scythia, crucified him on Caucasus, stationing the eagle by him to peck at his liver every day. This man, then, completed his punishment.
ἡ Ῥέα δέ — χρὴ γὰρ ἴσως καὶ ταῦτα εἰπεῖν — πῶς οὐκ ἀσχημονεῖ καὶ δεινὰ ποιεῖ, γραῦς μὲν ἤδη καὶ ἔξωρος οὖσα καὶ τοσούτων μήτηρ θεῶν, παιδεραστοῦσα δὲ ἔτι καὶ ζηλοτυποῦσα καὶ τὸν Ἄττιν ἐπὶ τῶν λεόντων περιφέρουσα, καὶ ταῦτα μηκέτι χρήσιμον εἶναι δυνάμενον;
But Rhea—for one must perhaps mention this as well—how does she not act disgracefully and terribly, being already an old woman past her prime, and the mother of so many gods, yet still loving boys, being jealous, and carrying Attis around on her lions, and that too when he is no longer able to be of use?
ὥστε πῶς ἂν ἔτι μέμφοιτό τις ἢ τῇ Ἀφροδίτῃ ὅτι μοιχεύεται, ἢ τῇ Σελήνῃ πρὸς τὸν Ἐνδυμίωνα κατιούσῃ πολλάκις ἐκ μέσης τῆς ὁδοῦ;
Consequently, how could anyone still find fault with Aphrodite for committing adultery, or with Selene for often coming down to Endymion from the middle of her journey?