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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §20.87.1-20.87.4

Demetrius' General Assault and Rhodian Wall Defense

Passage 275 of 301 · Greek

Summary

Demetrius launches a fierce eight-day assault and temporarily captures part of the wall, but the Rhodians' desperate and vigorous defense repels the attackers, forcing Demetrius to withdraw and repair his damaged engines and ships.

§20.87.1τοιαύτην δὲ τὴν πολιορκίαν ποιησάμενος ἐφʼ ἡμέρας ὀκτὼ τὰς μὲν μηχανὰς τὰς ἐπὶ τοῦ χώματος τοῖς ταλαντιαίοις πετροβόλοις συνέτριψε, τοῦ δὲ διατειχίσματος τὸ μεσοπύργιον σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς πύργοις διέσεισεν.
Having conducted the siege in this manner for eight days, Demetrius shattered the engines on the mole with his one-talent ballistae, and shook the curtain-wall of the cross-wall together with the towers themselves.
κατελάβοντο δὲ καὶ τῶν στρατιωτῶν τινες μέρος τοῦ παρὰ τὸν λιμένα διατειχίσματος· ἐφʼ οὓς συστραφέντες οἱ Ῥόδιοι μάχην συνῆψαν καὶ πολλαπλάσιοι γενόμενοι τοὺς μὲν ἀνεῖλον, τοὺς δʼ ἐπανελθεῖν εἰς τοὐπίσω συνηνάγκασαν·
Some of the soldiers also seized a part of the cross-wall along the harbor; against them the Rhodians, having banded together, joined battle, and being many times more numerous, they killed some and forced others to retreat backward.
συνήργει δὲ τοῖς ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ἡ τοῦ παρὰ τὸ τεῖχος τόπου τραχύτης, πολλῶν καὶ μεγάλων πετρῶν κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς κειμένων παρὰ τὴν οἰκοδομὴν ἔξω τοῦ τείχους.
The roughness of the ground along the wall also aided those from the city, since many large stones lay continuously along the structure outside the wall.
§20.87.2τῶν δὲ τοὺς στρατιώτας τούτους κομισάντων σκαφῶν οὐκ ὀλίγων διὰ τὴν ἀγωνίαν ἐποκειλάντων οἱ Ῥόδιοι ταχέως τὰ μὲν ἀκροστόλια περιέσπασαν, ὕλην δὲ ξηρὰν καὶ δᾷδας ταῖς ναυσὶν ἐνέντες ἐνέπρησαν.
When not a few of the small boats that had carried these soldiers ran aground because of the struggle, the Rhodians quickly stripped off the figureheads, and throwing dry wood and pitch pine into the vessels, they set them on fire.
τούτων δὲ περὶ ταῦτʼ ὄντων οἱ μὲν τοῦ Δημητρίου στρατιῶται πανταχοῦ περιπλέοντες κλίμακας προσέφερον τοῖς τείχεσι καὶ βιαιότερον ἐνέκειντο, συναγωνιζομένων καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς πανταχόθεν καὶ συναλαλαζόντων.
While they were occupied with these things, Demetrius' soldiers, sailing around everywhere, brought ladders to the walls and pressed on more violently, while those from the land also fought together from all sides and raised a war cry.
§20.87.3ἔνθα δὴ πολλῶν παραβόλως κινδυνευσάντων καὶ συχνῶν ἀναβάντων ἐπὶ τὰ τείχη συνίστατο καρτερὰ μάχη, τῶν μὲν ἔξωθεν βιαζομένων, τῶν δʼ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ἀθρόων παραβοηθούντων.
There indeed, since many risked their lives recklessly and many climbed up onto the walls, a fierce battle was joined, with those from the outside pushing on by force, and those from the city rendering aid in a body.
τέλος δὲ τῶν Ῥοδίων ἐκθύμως ἀγωνιζομένων οἱ μὲν ἔπεσον τῶν προσαναβάντων, οἱ δὲ κατατραυματισθέντες ἑάλωσαν, ἐν οἷς ἦσάν τινες καὶ τῶν ἐπιφανεστάτων ἡγεμόνων.
Finally, as the Rhodians fought with all their hearts, some of those who had climbed up fell, and others, being severely wounded, were captured, among whom were also some of the most illustrious commanders.
§20.87.4τοιούτων δὲ γενομένων τοῖς ἔξωθεν ἐλαττωμάτων ὁ μὲν Δημήτριος ἀπεκόμισε τὰς μηχανὰς εἰς τὸν ἴδιον λιμένα καὶ τὰ πεπονηκότα τῶν πλοίων καὶ μηχανῶν ἐπεσκεύασεν, οἱ δὲ Ῥόδιοι τοὺς μὲν τελευτήσαντας τῶν πολιτῶν ἔθαψαν, τὰ δὲ ὅπλα τῶν πολεμίων καὶ τὰ ἀκροστόλια τοῖς θεοῖς ἀνέθηκαν, τὰ δὲ διὰ τῶν πετροβόλων πεπτωκότα τῶν τειχῶν ἀνῳκοδόμουν.
When such setbacks had occurred to those on the outside, Demetrius withdrew his engines to his own harbor and repaired those of the ships and engines that had suffered damage. The Rhodians, on their part, buried those of the citizens who had died, dedicated the weapons of the enemy and the figureheads to the gods, and rebuilt the parts of the walls that had fallen because of the ballistae.

Notes

  1. 20.87.1τοιαύτην δὲ τὴν πολιορκίαν ποιησάμενος — The subject of the participle ποιησάμενος (having made), like that of the main verb συνέτριψε (shattered), is Demetrius, understood from the context.
  2. 20.87.1τοῖς ἐκ τῆς πόλεως — Meaning 'those from the city'. The prepositional phrase ἐκ τῆς πόλεως (from the city) is substantivized by the dative article τοῖς and functions as the dative object of the verb συνήργει (aided).
  3. 20.87.2τῶν δὲ τοὺς στρατιώτας τούτους κομισάντων σκαφῶν οὐκ ὀλίγων ... ἐποκειλάντων — A genitive absolute construction. The subject is σκαφῶν (small boats), with which οὐκ ὀλίγων (not a few) agrees. The preceding modifying phrase τοὺς στρατιώτας τούτους κομισάντων (having carried these soldiers) qualifies σκαφῶν.
  4. 20.87.4τοῖς ἔξωθεν — Refers to 'those on the outside', i.e., the besieging forces of Demetrius. It functions as a dative of disadvantage or reference with respect to the noun ἐλαττωμάτων (setbacks).

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §20.87.1-20.87.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:20.87.1-20.87.4

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