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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §19.16.1-19.16.5

Revolt of Attalus and Captive Generals in the Fortress

Passage 93 of 301 · Greek

Summary

The captive generals led by Attalus revolt and seize their fortress, but are soon besieged by neighboring forces; despite their valiant resistance, they are eventually taken after a long siege due to a betrayal.

§19.16.1ἅμα δὲ τούτοις πραττομένοις Ἄτταλος καὶ Πολέμων καὶ Δόκιμος, ἔτι δὲ Ἀντίπατρος καὶ Φιλώτας, οἱ μετὰ τῆς Ἀλκέτου δυνάμεως ἁλόντες ἡγεμόνες, ἐφυλάττοντο μὲν ἔν τινι φρουρίῳ καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρῷ, ἀκούσαντες δὲ τοὺς περὶ τὸν Ἀντίγονον εἰς τὰς ἄνω σατραπείας ποιεῖσθαι τὴν πορείαν, νομίζοντες εὔθετον ἔχειν καιρόν, ἔπεισάν τινας τῶν τηρούντων αὐτοὺς λῦσαι, κυριεύσαντες δὲ ὅπλων ἐπέθεντο τῇ φυλακῇ περὶ μέσας νύκτας.
While these things were being done, Attalus, Polemon, and Docimus, and also Antipater and Philotas, the generals who had been captured with the army of Alcetas, were being guarded in a fortress that was exceedingly strong; but when they heard that Antigonus and his men were making their march into the upper satrapies, thinking that they had a favorable opportunity, they persuaded some of their guards to release them, and having gained possession of arms, they attacked the guard around midnight.
αὐτοὶ μὲν οὖν ὀκτὼ τὸν ἀριθμὸν ὄντες, τηρούμενοι δὲ ὑπὸ στρατιωτῶν τετρακοσίων, διαφέροντες δὲ ταῖς τόλμαις καὶ ταῖς εὐχειρίαις διὰ τὴν μετʼ Ἀλεξάνδρου στρατείαν Ξενοπείθη μὲν τὸν φρούραρχον συναρπάσαντες ὑπὲρ τὸ τεῖχος ἔρριψαν, σταδιαῖον ἐχούσης τῆς πέτρας ὕψος, τῶν δʼ ἄλλων τοὺς μὲν κατασφάξαντες, τοὺς δὲ ἐκβαλόντες ἐνεπύρισαν τὰς οἰκίας.
Although they themselves were only eight in number, and were guarded by four hundred soldiers, yet excelling in daring and hand-to-hand combat because of their campaign with Alexander, they seized Xenopeithes, the commander of the fortress, and threw him over the wall, the height of the rock being a stadium. Of the others, they slew some, and drove out others, and set fire to their quarters.
§19.16.2τῶν δʼ ἔξωθεν καραδοκούντων προσελάβοντο τὸν ἀριθμὸν εἰς πεντήκοντα.
Having joined to themselves those who were waiting outside, they increased their number to about fifty.
τοὺ δὲ φρουρίου σίτου τε πλῆθος καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἐπιτηδείων ἔχοντος ἐβουλεύοντο πότερον χρὴ μένειν καὶ χρῆσθαι τῇ τῶν τόπων ὀχυρότητι, καραδοκοῦντας τὴν παρʼ Εὐμενοῦς βοήθειαν, ἢ φυγόντας τὴν ταχίστην ἀλᾶσθαι κατὰ τὴν χώραν, καιροτηροῦντας τὰς μεταβολάς.
Since the fortress contained a large quantity of grain and other provisions, they deliberated whether they ought to remain and make use of the strength of the place, awaiting help from Eumenes, or to escape as quickly as possible and wander through the country, watching for changes of fortune.
§19.16.3γιγνομένης δὲ πλείονος ἀντιλογίας Δόκιμος μὲν ἐκχωρεῖν συνεβούλευεν, οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἄτταλον οὐκ ἔφασαν δυνήσεσθαι κακοπαθεῖν διὰ τὴν ἐν τοῖς δεσμοῖς γενομένην κακουχίαν.
Since a longer dispute arose, Docimus advised them to depart, but Attalus and his men said they could not endure hardship because of the ill-treatment they had suffered in their bonds.
τούτων δὲ πρὸς ἀλλήλους διισταμένων ἔφθασαν ἐκ τῶν σύνεγγυς φρουρίων συνδραμόντες στρατιῶται πεζοὶ μὲν πλείους τῶν πεντακοσίων, ἱππεῖς δὲ τετρακόσιοι, χωρὶς δὲ τούτων ἐκ τῶν ἐγχωρίων ἄλλοι παντοδαποὶ πλείους τῶν τρισχιλίων, οἳ στρατηγὸν ἐξ ἑαυτῶν καταστήσαντες περιεστρατοπέδευσαν τὸ χωρίον.
While they were at variance with one another, soldiers from the neighboring garrisons, more than five hundred infantry and four hundred cavalry, arrived first, and besides these, more than three thousand of the local inhabitants of all kinds, who, having appointed a general from among themselves, encamped around the place.
§19.16.4παραδόξως δὲ πάλιν αὐτῶν κατακλεισθέντων Δόκιμος μὲν κατάβασίν τινα κατανοήσας ἀφύλακτον διεπρεσβεύσατο πρὸς τὴν Ἀντιγόνου γυναῖκα Στρατονίκην, οὖσαν πλησίον τῶν τόπων, καὶ δεύτερος διὰ ταύτης ἐκπηδήσας αὐτὸς μὲν οὐκ ἔτυχε πίστεως, ἀλλʼ εἰς φυλακὴν παρεδόθη, ὁ δὲ συγκαταβὰς αὐτῷ καθηγησάμενος τοῖς πολεμίοις ἀνήγαγεν εἰς τὸ χωρίον οὐκ ὀλίγους καὶ κατελάβετο μίαν τῶν ὀρθίων πετρῶν.
When they had been unexpectedly shut in again, Docimus, having noticed an unguarded descent, negotiated with Stratonice, the wife of Antigonus, who was near those places, and having escaped through this descent with a second companion, he himself did not gain credit but was delivered into custody; but the one who had gone down with him, acting as a guide to the enemy, led up no small number of them into the place and occupied one of the steep rocks.
§19.16.5οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἄτταλον πολὺ λειπόμενοι τοῖς πλήθεσι διὰ τὰς ἀρετὰς ἀντείχοντο καὶ καθʼ ἡμέραν ἀγωνιζόμενοι διεκαρτέρουν· πολιορκηθέντες δὲ ἐνιαυτὸν καὶ μῆνας τέσσαρας ἥλωσαν κατὰ κράτος.
But Attalus and his men, though far inferior in numbers, held out because of their bravery and persisted, fighting daily; and having been besieged for a year and four months, they were taken by storm.

Notes

  1. §19.16.1ἅμα δὲ τούτοις πραττομένοις — Genitive absolute construction with a present participle, indicating that the actions of Attalus and his men occurred concurrently with the events involving Eumenes and Antigonus described in the previous chapter ("while these things were being done").
  2. §19.16.1ἀκούσαντες δὲ τοὺς περὶ τὸν Ἀντίγονον ... ποιεῖσθαι τὴν πορείαν — Accusative with infinitive construction (subject `τοὺς περὶ τὸν Ἀντίγονον`, infinitive `ποιεῖσθαι`) following the verb of hearing `ἀκούω`, denoting indirect discourse (hearing of a report or rumor) rather than direct physical perception (which would take a participle).
  3. §19.16.3ἔφθασαν ... συνδραμόντες — The verb `φθάνω` combined with the supplementary participle `συνδραμόντες` (aorist participle of `συντρέχω`) to express the idea of forestalling or arriving first ("they arrived first, running together").
  4. §19.16.4δεύτερος διὰ ταύτης ἐκπηδήσας — The demonstrative pronoun `ταύτης` (feminine genitive singular) refers to the preceding feminine noun `κατάβασιν` (descent). The predicative adjective `δεύτερος` means "as the second person" or "with one other companion" (making two in total) escaping through it.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §19.16.1-19.16.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:19.16.1-19.16.5

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