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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §18.51.1-18.51.7

Arrhidaeus's Siege of Cyzicus and His Repulse

Passage 52 of 301 · Greek

Summary

Arrhidaeus, the satrap of Phrygia, launched a sudden siege of Cyzicus, but the Cyzicenes delayed him through negotiations while secretly reinforcing their defenses, eventually repelling him with help from Byzantium.

§18.51.1τούτου δὲ περὶ ταῦτʼ ὄντος Ἀρριδαῖος ὁ τῆς ἐφʼ Ἑλλησπόντῳ Φρυγίας σατράπης, γνοὺς αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐπιβολήν, ἔκρινεν ἀσφαλισάμενος τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν σατραπείαν καὶ τὰς ἀξιολογωτάτας πόλεις φρουραῖς περιλαμβάνειν.
While Antigonus was occupied with these matters, Arrhidaeus, the satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia, having learned of his plan, decided to secure the affairs of his own satrapy and to occupy the most notable cities with garrisons.
οὔσης δὲ τῆς τῶν Κυζικηνῶν πόλεως ἐπικαιροτάτης καὶ μεγίστης ἀνέζευξεν ἐπʼ αὐτὴν ἔχων πεζοὺς μὲν μισθοφόρους πλείους τῶν μυρίων, Μακεδόνας δὲ χιλίους, Πέρσας δὲ τοξότας καὶ σφενδονήτας πεντακοσίους, ἱππεῖς δὲ ὀκτακοσίους, βέλη δὲ παντοδαπὰ καὶ καταπέλτας ὀξυβελεῖς τε καὶ πετροβόλους καὶ τὴν ἄλλην χορηγίαν πᾶσαν τὴν ἀνήκουσαν πρὸς πολιορκίαν.
Since the city of the Cyzicenes was the most strategically situated and largest, he set out against it with more than ten thousand mercenary infantry, one thousand Macedonians, five hundred Persian archers and slingers, eight hundred cavalry, missiles of all kinds, catapults both for sharp bolts and for throwing stones, and all the other equipment pertaining to a siege.
§18.51.2ἄφνω δὲ προσπεσὼν τῇ πόλει καὶ τὸν πολὺν ὄχλον ἀπολαβὼν ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας εἴχετο τῆς πολιορκίας καὶ τοὺς ἐν τῇ πόλει καταπληξάμενος ἠνάγκαζε δέχεσθαι φρουράν.
Falling suddenly upon the city and cutting off the great multitude of people in the countryside, he applied himself to the siege, and by terrifying those in the city, he tried to force them to receive a garrison.
οἱ δὲ Κυζικηνοὶ παραδόξου τῆς ἐπιθέσεως γενομένης καὶ τῶν μὲν πλείστων ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας ἀπειλημμένων, ὀλίγων δʼ ὄντων τῶν ὑπολελειμμένων ἀπαράσκευοι παντελῶς ὑπῆρχον πρὸς τὴν πολιορκίαν.
But the Cyzicenes, since the attack was unexpected, with the majority of their people cut off in the countryside and only a few left behind, were utterly unprepared for the siege.
§18.51.3ὅμως δὲ κρίναντες ἀντέχεσθαι τῆς ἐλευθερίας φανερῶς μὲν πρέσβεις ἐξέπεμψαν τοὺς διαλεξομένους τῷ Ἀρριδαίῳ λῦσαι τὴν πολιορκίαν· ποιήσειν γὰρ πάντα τὴν πόλιν Ἀρριδαίῳ πλὴν τοῦ δέξασθαι φρουράν·
Nevertheless, deciding to hold fast to their freedom, they openly sent envoys to treat with Arrhidaeus to raise the siege; for they said that the city would do everything for Arrhidaeus except receiving a garrison.
λάθρᾳ δὲ τοὺς νέους ἀθροίζοντες καὶ τῶν οἰκετῶν τοὺς εὐθέτους ἐπιλεγόμενοι καθώπλιζον καὶ τὸ τεῖχος ἀνεπλήρουν τῶν ἀμυνομένων.
But secretly they gathered the young men and, selecting the fit among the slaves, they armed them and filled the wall with defenders.
§18.51.4τοῦ δὲ Ἀρριδαίου βιαζομένου δέχεσθαι φρουρὰν ἔφησαν βούλεσθαι τῷ δήμῳ προσανενεγκεῖν περὶ τούτου.
When Arrhidaeus insisted that they receive a garrison, they said they wished to refer the matter to the people.
συγχωρήσαντος δὲ τοῦ σατράπου λαβόντες ἀνοχὴν ταύτην τε τὴν ἡμέραν καὶ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν νύκτα βέλτιον παρεσκευάσαντο τὰ πρὸς τὴν πολιορκίαν.
When the satrap agreed, they took this truce and during that day and the following night made better preparations for the siege.
§18.51.5ὁ δʼ Ἀρριδαῖος καταστρατηγηθεὶς καὶ τὸν οἰκεῖον ἑαυτῷ προέμενος καιρὸν διεσφάλη τῆς ἐλπίδος· οἱ γὰρ Κυζικηνοὶ πόλιν ἔχοντες ὀχυρὰν καὶ παντελῶς εὐφύλακτον ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς διὰ τὸ χερρόνησον αὐτὴν εἶναι καὶ θαλαττοκρατοῦντες ῥᾳδίως ἠμύνοντο τοὺς πολεμίους.
Arrhidaeus, having been outgeneraled and having thrown away his own opportune moment, was disappointed in his hope; for the Cyzicenes, possessing a city that was strong and completely easy to defend from the land side because it was a peninsula, and holding the mastery of the sea, easily repulsed the enemy.
§18.51.6μετεπέμποντο δὲ καὶ παρὰ Βυζαντίων στρατιώτας καὶ βέλη καὶ τἄλλα τὰ χρήσιμα πρὸς τὴν πολιορκίαν· ὧν ἅπαντα συντόμως καὶ προθύμως χορηγησάντων ἀνέλαβον ἑαυτοὺς ταῖς ἐλπίσι καὶ πρὸς τοὺς κινδύνους εὐθαρσεῖς κατέστησαν.
They also sent for soldiers, missiles, and other useful things for the siege from the Byzantines; since they supplied all these quickly and eagerly, the Cyzicenes recovered their spirits and became courageous in the face of dangers.
§18.51.7εὐθὺ δὲ καὶ μακρὰς ναῦς καθελκύσαντες παρέπλεον τὴν παραθαλάττιον καὶ τοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς χώρας ἀναλαμβάνοντες ἀπεκόμιζον εἰς τὴν πόλιν.
Straightway they also launched long ships, sailed along the coast, and picking up those from the countryside, brought them into the city.
ταχὺ δὲ στρατιωτῶν εὐπορήσαντες καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν πολιορκούντων ἀποκτείναντες ἀπετρίψαντο τὴν πολιορκίαν.
Quickly finding themselves well supplied with soldiers and killing many of the besiegers, they repelled the siege.
Ἀρριδαῖος μὲν οὖν καταστρατηγηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν Κυζικηνῶν ἄπρακτος ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν σατραπείαν.
Arrhidaeus, therefore, having been outgeneraled by the Cyzicenes, returned without success to his own satrapy.

Notes

  1. §18.51.1τούτου — The demonstrative pronoun `τούτου` in the genitive absolute construction (`τούτου δὲ περὶ ταῦτʼ ὄντος`) refers back in context to Antigonus, whose grand designs in Asia were described in the preceding chapter (18.50).
  2. §18.51.1ἔκρινεν — The main verb `ἔκρινεν` (
  3. §18.51.3ποιήσειν γὰρ πάντα τὴν πόλιν — This is an infinitive clause in indirect discourse representing the envoys' statement. The accusative `τὴν πόλιν` is the subject of the future infinitive `ποιήσειν`, and `Ἀρριδαίῳ` is a dative of advantage ("for Arrhidaeus").
  4. §18.51.5καταστρατηγηθεὶς — This passive participle means "having been outgeneraled" or "deceived by strategy." It refers to Arrhidaeus falling for the Cyzicenes' ruse of pretending to negotiate while secretly preparing their defenses (51.3-4).
  5. §18.51.6ὧν — This is a relative pronoun used in a relative connection (linking back to `Βυζαντίων` in the preceding sentence) and serves as the subject of the genitive absolute construction `ὧν ... χορηγησάντων`.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §18.51.1-18.51.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:18.51.1-18.51.7

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