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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §18.1.1-18.1.6

Prophecy at Death and the Scope of the Successors' Wars

Passage 2 of 301 · Greek

Summary

After presenting the philosophical doctrine of the soul's prophetic power at death with the examples of Hector and Alexander the Great, the author outlines the scope of this book, which covers the deeds of the successors (Diadochi) over seven years.

§18.1.1Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος καί τινες ἕτεροι τῶν παλαιῶν φυσικῶν ἀπεφήναντο τὰς ψυχὰς τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὑπάρχειν ἀθανάτους, ἀκολούθως δὲ τῷ δόγματι τούτῳ καὶ προγινώσκειν αὐτὰς τὰ μέλλοντα καθʼ ὃν ἂν καιρὸν ἐν τῇ τελευτῇ τὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος χωρισμὸν ποιῶνται.
Pythagoras of Samos and certain others of the ancient natural philosophers declared that the souls of men are immortal, and that, in accordance with this doctrine, they also foreknow future events at whatever time they make their separation from the body at death.
§18.1.2τούτοις δὲ ἔοικε συμφωνεῖν καὶ ὁ ποιητὴς Ὅμηρος, παρεισάγων τὸν Ἕκτορα κατὰ τὸν τῆς τελευτῆς καιρὸν προλέγοντα τῷ Ἀχιλλεῖ τὸν μέλλοντα συντόμως αὐτῷ συνακολουθήσειν θάνατον.
With these the poet Homer also seems to agree, when he introduces Hector at the moment of his death foretelling to Achilles the death that was soon to follow him.
§18.1.3ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ κατὰ τοὺς νεωτέρους χρόνους ἐπὶ πολλῶν καταστρεφόντων τὸν βίον ἱστορεῖται γεγονέναι τὸ προειρημένον καὶ μάλιστα ἐπὶ τῆς Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Μακεδόνος τελευτῆς.
Likewise also in more recent times the aforesaid is recorded to have happened in the case of many who were ending their lives, and especially at the death of Alexander the Macedonian.
§18.1.4οὗτος γὰρ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι μεταλλάττων τὸν βίον, κατὰ τὴν ἐσχάτην ἀναπνοὴν ἐρωτηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν φίλων τίνι τὴν βασιλείαν ἀπολείπει, εἶπεν Τῷ ἀρίστῳ· προορῶμαι γὰρ ἐπιτάφιον μέγαν ἀγῶνα γενησόμενόν μοι τῶν φίλων. §18.1.5ὅπερ καὶ πρὸς ἀλήθειαν ἐξέβη· οἱ γὰρ ἐπιφανέστατοι τῶν φίλων ὑπὲρ τοῦ πρωτείου διενεχθέντες πολλοὺς καὶ μεγάλους ἀγῶνας συνεστήσαντο μετὰ τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρου τελευτήν.
For he, when passing away in Babylon, being asked by his friends at his last breath to whom he was leaving his kingdom, said, "To the best; for I foresee that a great funeral contest of my friends will take place over me." Which indeed turned out to be true; for the most illustrious of his friends, contending for the primacy, engaged in many and great contests after Alexander's death.
τὰς δὲ συντελεσθείσας ὑπʼ αὐτῶν πράξεις ἡ βύβλος αὕτη περιέχουσα ποιήσει φανερὸν τὸ ῥηθὲν τοῖς φιλαναγνωστοῦσιν.
This book, containing the deeds performed by them, will make what was said manifest to those who love reading.
§18.1.6ἡ μὲν γὰρ πρὸ ταύτης βύβλος τὰς Ἀλεξάνδρου πράξεις ἁπάσας περιείληφε μέχρι τῆς τελευτῆς· αὕτη δὲ τὰ τοῖς διαδεξαμένοις τὴν τούτου βασιλείαν πεπραγμένα περιέχουσα τελευτὴν μὲν ἔχει τὸν προηγούμενον ἐνιαυτὸν τῆς Ἀγαθοκλέους τυραννίδος, περιείληφεν δʼ ἔτη ἑπτά.
For the book before this one embraced all the deeds of Alexander up to his death; but this one, containing the deeds performed by those who succeeded to his kingdom, has for its end the year preceding the tyranny of Agathocles, and encompasses seven years.

Notes

  1. 18.1.1ποιῶνται — This is the present subjunctive (3rd person plural) of the verb `ποιέω`, introduced by the relative temporal phrase `καθʼ ὃν ἂν καιρὸν` ("at whatever time"). It expresses a general temporal condition or future expectation.
  2. 18.1.2προλέγοντα — A supplementary participle agreeing with the object `τὸν Ἕκτορα` of the verb `παρεισάγω` ("introduce"), meaning "introducing Hector as foretelling...".
  3. 18.1.4γενησόμενόν — A supplementary future participle (in the middle voice acting as passive/intransitive) agreeing with the accusative object `ἀγῶνα` of the verb `προορῶμαι` ("foresee"), functioning in indirect discourse to mean "(I foresee) that a contest will take place".
  4. 18.1.5τὰς δὲ συντελεσθείσας ὑπʼ αὐτῶν πράξεις — A hyperbaton where the object of the participle `περιέχουσα` ("containing") is placed at the very beginning of the sentence, before the subject `ἡ βύβλος αὕτη` ("this book").
  5. 18.1.6τοῖς διαδεξαμένοις — A dative of agent used with the perfect passive participle `πεπραγμένα` ("deeds performed"), indicating "by those who succeeded".

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §18.1.1-18.1.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:18.1.1-18.1.6

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