§5.75.1τῷ δʼ Ἑρμῇ προσάπτουσι τὰς ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις γινομένας ἐπικηρυκείας καὶ διαλλαγὰς καὶ σπονδὰς καὶ τὸ τούτων σύσσημον κηρύκειον, ὃ φορεῖν εἰώθασιν οἱ περὶ τῶν τοιούτων τοὺς λόγους ποιούμενοι καὶ διὰ τούτου τυγχάνοντες παρὰ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἀσφαλείας· ὅθεν δὴ καὶ κοινὸν Ἑρμῆν ὠνομάσθαι, διὰ τὸ τὴν ὠφέλειαν ἀμφοτέροις εἶναι κοινὴν τοῖς ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ τὴν εἰρήνην μεταλαμβάνουσι.
And to Hermes they attribute the negotiations by heralds, reconciliations, and treaties that take place in wars, and the caduceus, the symbol of these, which those who conduct talks about such matters are accustomed to carry, and through this obtaining safety from the enemies; whence indeed he has also been named 'Common Hermes,' because the benefit is common to both sides who, in war, receive a share of peace.
§5.75.2φασὶ δʼ αὐτὸν καὶ μέτρα καὶ σταθμὰ καὶ τὰ διὰ τῆς ἐμπορίας κέρδη πρῶτον ἐπινοῆσαι καὶ τὸ λάθρᾳ τὰ τῶν ἄλλων σφετερίζεσθαι.
And they say that he was the first to devise measures, weights, and the profits derived from trade, and also the secret appropriating of the property of others.
παραδεδόσθαι δʼ αὐτὸν καὶ κήρυκα τῶν θεῶν, ἔτι δʼ ἄγγελον ἄριστον διὰ τὸ σαφῶς αὐτὸν ἕκαστα τῶν εἰς ἐντολὴν δοθέντων ἑρμηνεύειν· ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ τετευχέναι τῆς προσηγορίας αὐτὸν ταύτης, οὐχ εὑρετὴν τῶν ὀνομάτων καὶ λέξεων γενόμενον, ὥς τινές φασιν, ἀλλὰ τὸ τῆς ἀπαγγελίας ἄρτιον καὶ σαφὲς ἐκπεπονηκότα περιττότερον τῶν ἄλλων.
And they say that he has been handed down as also the herald of the gods, and furthermore the best messenger, because he clearly explains each of the things given to him as a command; from which he also obtained this name, not by having become the inventor of words and speech, as some say, but because he worked out the precision and clarity of delivery in a manner superior to others.
§5.75.3εἰσηγητὴν δʼ αὐτὸν καὶ παλαίστρας γενέσθαι, καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς χελώνης λύραν ἐπινοῆσαι μετὰ τὴν Ἀπόλλωνος πρὸς Μαρσύαν σύγκρισιν, καθʼ ἣν λέγεται τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα νικήσαντα καὶ τιμωρίαν ὑπὲρ τὴν ἀξίαν λαβόντα παρὰ τοῦ λειφθέντος μεταμεληθῆναι, καὶ τὰς ἐκ τῆς κιθάρας χορδὰς ἐκρήξαντα μέχρι τινὸς χρόνου τῆς ἐν αὐτῇ μουσικῆς ἀποστῆναι.
And they say that he also became the founder of the wrestling-school, and devised the lyre from the tortoise after the contest of Apollo against Marsyas, during which it is said that Apollo, having won and having exacted a punishment exceeding what was deserved from the one who was defeated, repented, and having broken the strings of the cithara, for a certain time he abstained from the music associated with it.
§5.75.4Διόνυσον δὲ μυθολογοῦσιν εὑρετὴν γενέσθαι τῆς τʼ ἀμπέλου καὶ τῆς περὶ ταύτην ἐργασίας, ἔτι δʼ οἰνοποιίας καὶ τοῦ πολλοὺς τῶν ἐκ τῆς ὀπώρας καρπῶν ἀποθησαυρίζεσθαι καὶ τὰς χρείας καὶ τὰς τροφὰς παρέχεσθαι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἐπὶ πολὺν χρόνον.
And of Dionysus they relate in myth that he became the discoverer both of the vine and of its cultivation, and furthermore of winemaking and of the storing up of many of the fruits of autumn and of providing their uses and nourishment to men for a long time.
τοῦτον δὲ τὸν θεὸν γεγονέναι φασὶν ἐκ Διὸς καὶ Φερσεφόνης κατὰ τὴν Κρήτην, ὃν Ὀρφεὺς κατὰ τὰς τελετὰς παρέδωκε διασπώμενον ὑπὸ τῶν Τιτάνων· πλείονας γὰρ Διονύσους συμβαίνει γεγονέναι, περὶ ὧν ἡμεῖς σαφέστερον τὰ κατὰ μέρος ἐν οἰκειοτέροις καιροῖς ἀναγεγράφαμεν.
And they say that this god was born of Zeus and Persephone in Crete, whom Orpheus in the initiatory rites handed down as being torn to pieces by the Titans; for it happens that there have been several Dionysuses, concerning whom we have recorded the details more clearly at more appropriate opportunities.
§5.75.5οἱ δʼ οὖν Κρῆτες τῆς παρʼ αὐτοῖς γενέσεως τοῦ θεοῦ πειρῶνται σημεῖα φέρειν, λέγοντες ὅτι περὶ τὴν Κρήτην δύο νήσους κτίσας ἐπὶ τῶν καλουμένων διδύμων κόλπων Διονυσιάδας ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ προσηγόρευσεν, ὅπερ μηδαμοῦ τῆς οἰκουμένης αὐτὸν ἑτέρωθι πεποιηκέναι.
The Cretans, at any rate, attempt to offer proofs of the birth of the god among them, saying that, having founded two islands near Crete in the so-called Twin Gulfs, he named them Dionysiades after himself, something which he has done nowhere else in the inhabited world.